Biology Multiple Choice Questions on “Digestion of Food-1”.
1. The stomach is divided into how many major portions?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Answer: d
Clarification: The stomach is divided into four major portions namely-Fundus, Cardiac, Body, and Pyloric. The given figure represents the anatomical regions of the human stomach:
2. Which of the following is incorrect regarding the shapes of the three portions of the small intestine?
a) Duodenum-C shape
b) Duodenum-J shape
c) Ileum-highly coiled
d) Jejunum-long coiled
Answer: b
Clarification: Small intestine is distinguishable into three regions, a ‘C’ shaped duodenum, a long coiled middle portion jejunum, and highly coiled ileum.
3. Vermiform appendix arises from which part of the large intestine?
a) Transverse colon
b) Sigmoid colon
c) Caecum
d) Rectum
Answer: c
Clarification: Vermiform appendix is a narrow finger-like tubular projection that arises from the caecum of the large intestine. The vermiform appendix is a vestigial organ in the human body.
4. Which type of micro-organisms does caecum hosts?
a) Symbiotic
b) Saprophytic
c) Detrivorous
d) Parasitic
Answer: a
Clarification: Large intestine consists of the caecum, colon, and rectum. The ileum is a part of the small intestine which opens into the large intestine. The caecum is a blind sac which hosts some symbiotic micro-organisms.
5. The colon is divided into how many parts?
a) One
b) Three
c) Four
d) Five
Answer: c
Clarification: Colon is divided into four parts- an ascending, a transverse, descending part, and a sigmoid colon. The descending part opens into the rectum which opens out through the anus.
6. The mucosa is the outermost layer of the alimentary canal.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: The serosa is the outermost layer of the alimentary canal. The alimentary canal is made up of four different layers namely-serosa, muscularis, sub-mucosa and mucosa. Mucosa is the innermost layer of the alimentary canal.
7. In which layer of the alimentary canal, goblet cells are present?
a) Serosa
b) Mucosa
c) Muscularis
d) Sub-mucosa
Answer: b
Clarification: Mucosal epithelium has goblet cells which secrete mucus that helps in lubrication. All four layers show modifications in different parts of the alimentary canal.
8. Muscularis layer is made up of which of the following?
a) Cardiac muscles
b) Skeletal muscles
c) Smooth muscles
d) Connective tissue sheath
Answer: c
Clarification: Muscularis layer is formed by smooth muscles which are usually arranged into an inner circular and an outer longitudinal layer. An oblique muscle layer may be present in some regions.
9. In which layer of the alimentary canal, the glands are present in duodenum?
a) Sub-mucosa
b) Muscularis
c) Mucosa
d) Serosa
Answer: a
Clarification: In the duodenum, glands are present in the sub-mucosa. The sub-mucosal layer is formed of loose connective tissue containing nerves, blood, and lymph vessels.
10. What does the question mark represents in the given diagram?
a) Inner circular mucosa layer
b) Outer circular mucosa layer
c) Inner circular muscularis layer
d) The outer longitudinal mucosal layer
Answer: c
Clarification: The correct labelling of the given diagram is as follows:
Muscularis layer is further made up Inner circular layer and outer longitudinal layer.