Unittest Framework Interview Questions with Answers
Question: 1. What Is Unit Testing?
Answer:
Unit testing is validation and verification methodology wherein the developers check the man or woman gadgets of supply code. Some key points to be remembered from: –
A unit is the smallest part inside the application which may be examined. So it may be both a way. Function or class.
These exams are conducted in the course of improvement.
Unit test belongs to the white box trying out category.
Question 2. What Are The Different Ways By Which You Can Do Unit Testing With .Internet?
Answer:
There are 2 primary / prevalent approaches of doing unit testing:-
NUNIT
Visual studio crew edition take a look at device
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Question three. Can We Start With A Simple Nunit Example?
Answer:
Ok so allow’s say we need to do unit testing for a easy magnificence ‘clsInvoiceCalculation’ shown underneath. This elegance calculates general price through taking consistent with product value and quantity of merchandise as input.
Public magnificence clsInvoiceCalculation
public int CalculateCost(int intPerProductCost, int intNumberOfProducts)
return intPerProductCost * intNumberOfProducts;
Let’s say we need to execute the beneath test case on the above elegance the usage of NUNIT.
Question: four. How Can We Make Nunit Test Cases Data Driven?
Answer:
In the preceding questions we had hardcoded the take a look at statistics inside the NUNIT take a look at case itself. But in real time you would really like to have test data inputs coming from a XML file or a database, in other phrases you would really like to create facts driven test cases. In order to create records pushed in NUNIT we are able to attribute the unit take a look at method with ‘TestCaseSource’ attribute as proven inside the underneath determine. In ‘TestCaseSource’ we need to provide the function on the way to return the take a look at case statistics, in this situation it’s miles ‘TestCases’.
Below is the code snippet which presents dynamic facts to unit check technique. The characteristic that is offering the dynamic facts must return ‘IEnumerable’. NUNIT provides some thing referred to as as ‘TestCaseData’ class. This class defines the test case records for NUNIT. The elegance affords ways by using which you may specify enter and the expected output from the test case. Finally to go back check case with the aid of test case we need to use ‘yield’ keyword with for every. You can see the under code snippet to recognize how yield works.
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Question five. How Can We Do Unit Testing Using Vsts Test?
Answer:
In order to do unit testing the usage of VSTS right click on the visual studio solution explorer and pick add new task. In the take a look at undertaking proper click on and select upload new take a look at you need to be popped with a conversation container as shown inside the below figure. From the dialog container pick out ‘Basic Unit test’.
In order to create a characteristic with a purpose to execute our unit check you need to attribute the feature with “[TestMethod]”. If you recollect in Nunit it become ‘[Test]’. The assert feature does not change.
Once you have got performed the unit trying out coding assemble the identical, click on check, run and select ‘Tests inside the modern context”.
Once you do the previous check, the check starts offevolved strolling from pending to in progress and finally showing the consequences.
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Question 6. How Can We Create Data Driven Unit Test Using Vsts Test?
Answer:
Creating data pushed unit check is pretty simple in VSTS. First create a easy table with check records values. For instance you could see inside the beneath discern we’ve got created a desk with 3 fields i.E. 2 input fields and 1 anticipated price. To consume this table practice ‘DataSource’ characteristic with a right database connection string as proven inside the beneath discern. To get field statistics from the table we will use the ‘DataRow’ with index.
We have 3 check cases inside the desk, so when we finished the above test’s we were given the below take a look at results in our visible studio IDE end result window.
Question: 7. How Can We Do Automated Testing Using Vsts?
Answer:
In order to do automate testing in VSTS we need use the ‘Web take a look at’ template. So click on add new test and select ‘Web test’.
Once you have got selected net check browser will open with a report, pause and forestall button as proven inside the beneath determine. Once you begin posting and requesting, the URL recorder starts offevolved recording each request and reaction as shown within the underneath discern. On the right you could see how the recorder has recorded all the get and posts.
Below is a photo of easy login screen that is recorded. There are two requests, the first request is for the login web page and the second request is when you post the login web page with userid and password. You can see the values i.E. ‘Admin’ and ‘Admin’ in userid and password textboxes.
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Question 8. How Can We Make The Automated Test Data Driven In Vsts?
Answer:
Once you’ve got created the internet test, right click on on the net check and click on add facts source.
Once you have got introduced the records supply you could then specify the database fields as inputs to the textual content containers.
We need to carry out one greater step to ensure that the statistics driven check runs best. Right click on at the testrunconfig report and select one in keeping with records row.
Once you are finished you could run the test and spot how VSTS choices up row by using row take a look at cases and executes the take a look at.
Question 9. How Can We Do Coverage Testing Using Vsts?
Answer:
Code insurance is a 3 steps process as proven underneath. The first step is to permit code coverage. So right click on on the ‘.Testrunconfig’ record within the answer explorer.
The next step is to select the meeting / DLL which we need to screen for code coverage.
Once you run the test, proper click at the take a look at consequences and pick code insurance outcomes. You can be proven a details end result.
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Question 10. What Is Junit?
Answer:
Java + unit trying out = Junit
Junit is open source trying out framework evolved for unit checking out java code and is now the default framework for checking out Java development.
It has been evolved by way of Erich Gamma and Kent Beck.
It is an application programming interface for developing take a look at cases in java that’s part of the XUnit Family.
It enables the developer to jot down and execute repeatable computerized checks.
Eclipse IDE comes with each Junit and it’s plug-in for running with Junit.
Junit additionally has been ported to various other languages like PHP, Python, C++ and so on.
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Question eleven. Who Should Use Junit, Developers Or Testers?
Answer:
Used by means of developers to put into effect unit tests in Java. Junit is designed for unit checking out, that’s clearly a coding system, not a checking out method. But many testers or QA engineers are also required to use Junit for unit testing.
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Question 12. Why Do You Use Junit To Test Your Code?
Answer:
Junit offers a framework to obtain all of the following-:
Test early and regularly computerized trying out.
Junit exams can be included with the build so regression testing can be finished at unit degree.
Test Code reusage.
Also while there may be a transfer Junit exams act as a file for the unit assessments.
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Question 13. What Are Unit Tests?
Answer:
A unit take a look at is nothing greater than the code wrapper across the software code that can be carried out to view pass – fail effects.
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Question 14. When Are Unit Tests Written In Development Cycle?
Answer:
Tests are written earlier than the code at some stage in development a good way to help coders write the best code. Test-driven improvement is an appropriate manner to create a bug loose code. When all assessments pass, you already know you’re achieved! Whenever a check fails or a worm is reported, we must first write the essential unit test(s) to show the worm(s), after which repair them. This makes it nearly impossible for that specific bug to resurface later.
Question: 15. How To Write A Simple Junit Test Class?
Answer:
To write a check case, observe these steps:
Define a subclass of TestCase.
Override the setUp() approach to initialize item(s) underneath test.
Optionally override the tearDown() approach to launch object(s) under test.
Define one or extra public testXYZ() techniques that workout the object(s) beneath take a look at and assert predicted consequences.
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Question 16. What Is Junit Testcase?
Answer:
JUnit TestCase is the bottom class, junit.Framework.TestCase, that permits you to create a check case.
A test case defines the fixture to run a couple of checks. To outline a test case
mplement a subclass of TestCase
efine example variables that store the state of the fixture
nitialize the fixture country through overriding setUp
lean-up after a test by overriding tearDown
Each test runs in its very own fixture so there may be no side outcomes among take a look at runs.
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Question 17. What Is Junit Testsuite?
Answer:
JUnit TestSuite is a container class under bundle junit.Framework.TestSuite. It lets in us to organization a couple of test instances into a collection and run them together.
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Question 18. What Is Junit Test Fixture?
Answer:
A test fixture is a hard and fast kingdom of a set of objects used as a baseline for jogging assessments. Their motive is to make certain that there’s a widely recognized and stuck environment wherein checks are run in order that results are repeatable. Examples of fixtures:
Loading a database with a selected, recognised set of information
Copying a selected regarded set of files
Preparation of input facts and setup/advent of faux or mock gadgets
If a set of exams stocks the identical fixtures, you have to write a separate setup code to create the not unusual test fixture. If a collection of checks requires extraordinary take a look at fixtures, you may write code within the check approach to create its personal check fixture.
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Question 19. What Happens If A Junit Test Method Is Declared As “private”?
Answer:
If a Junit take a look at method is said as “personal”, the compilation will bypass adequate. But the execution will fail. This is because Junit requires that all test strategies ought to be declared as “public”.
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Question 20. What Happens If A Junit Test Method Is Declared To Return “string”?
Answer:
If a Junit test approach is declared to go back “String”, the compilation will pass adequate. But the execution will fail. This is due to the fact Junit calls for that all take a look at techniques need to be declared to go back “void”.
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Question 21. Why Not Just Use System.Out.Println () For Unit Testing?
Answer:
Debugging the code the use of device.Out.Println() will cause guide scanning of the entire output each time this system is administered to make sure the code is doing the predicted operations. Moreover, ultimately, it takes lesser time to code Junit strategies and check them on our documents.
Question: 22. The Methods Get () And Set () Should Be Tested For Which Conditions?
Answer:
Unit checks finished on java code need to be designed to goal areas that would damage. Since the set() and get() methods on simple facts types are unlikely to break, there may be no want to check them explicitly. On the other hand, set() and get() methods on complicated information types are vulnerable to interrupt. So they have to be tested.
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Question 23. For Which Conditions, The Methods Get () And Set () Can Be Left Out For Testing?
Answer:
You ought to do this test to check if a belongings has already been set (within the constructor) at the point you want to name getX(). In this situation you have to test the constructor, and no longer the getX() approach. This form of test is in particular useful if you have more than one constructors.
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Question 24. Do You Need To Write A Test Class For Every Class That Needs To Be Tested?
Answer:
No. We want now not write an independent test class for every class that wishes to be tested. If there may be a small institution of exams sharing a commonplace test fixture, you can flow the ones assessments to a brand new take a look at class. If you have companies of checks that you assume you’d like to execute separately from one another, it’s far sensible to place them in separate check classes.
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Question 25. How Do You Test A “included” Method?
Answer:
A protected method can most effective be accessed inside the equal package where the magnificence is described. So, trying out a included technique of a target class manner we want to outline your take a look at class in the equal package as the target class.
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Question 26. How Do You Test A “private” Method?
Answer:
A personal approach simplest be accessed inside the same elegance. So there’s no manner to test a “private” approach of a target magnificence from any check class. A manner out is that you can perform unit trying out manually or can exchange your approach from “personal” to “covered”.
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Question 27. Do You Need To Write A Main () Method Compulsorily In A Junit Test Case Class?
Answer:
No. But nevertheless developers write the principle() method in a JUnit test case magnificence to call a JUnit check runner to run all exams described on this elegance like:
public static void primary(String[] args)
junit.Textui.TestRunner.Run(Calculator.Class);
Since you can name a JUnit runner to run a check case magnificence as a device command, explicit important() for a Junit check case isn’t always endorsed. Junit.Textui.TestRunner.Run() technique takes the take a look at magnificence call as its argument. This method routinely reveals all magnificence methods whose call starts with test. Thus it will result in under referred to findings:
testCreateLogFile()
testExists()
testGetChildList()
It will execute every of the 3 techniques in unpredictable sequence (consequently test case strategies need to be independent of every other) and supply the result in console.
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Question 28. What Happens If A Test Method Throws An Exception?
Answer:
If you write a take a look at technique that throws an exception via itself or by way of the approach being examined, the JUnit runner will declare that check as fail.
The instance take a look at underneath is designed to let the take a look at fail by using throwing the uncaught IndexOutOfBoundsException exception:
import org.Junit.*;
import java.Util.*;
public elegance UnexpectedExceptionTest2
// throw any sudden exception
@Test public void testGet() throws Exception
ArrayList emptyList = new ArrayList();
Exception anyException = null; // don’t seize any exception
Object o = emptyList.Get(1);
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