Engineering Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions on “Inductive Effect”.
1. Electronegativity is defined as the power of an atom in a molecule to _____________
a) Repel electrons towards itself
b) Attract electrons towards itself
c) Expand itself
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: b
Clarification: Electronegativity is defined as the power of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons towards itself. Fluorine is the most electronegative element.
2. The factors on which electronegativity depends upon ____________
a) Valence state of atom
b) Hybridisation
c) Both valence state and hybridisation
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Clarification: The factors on which electronegativity depends upon is valence state of atom and hybridisation.
3. How does the electronegativiy get affected with the negative oxidation state?
a) It decreases
b) It increases
c) It remains constant
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Clarification: Electronegativity decreases with the negative oxidation state since the tendency to attract an electron will decrease with the negative charge of the anion.
4. The electronegativity of sp2 hybridised atom will be ____________
a) 3.29
b) 2.48
c) 3.69
d) 2.75
Answer: d
Clarification: The electronegativity of sp2 hybridised atom will be 2.75. Fluorine is the most electronegative element.
5. Which of the following is a permanent electron displacement effect?
a) Inductomeric
b) Electromeric
c) Inductive
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: c
Clarification: Inductive effect is the permanent electron displacement effect and inductomeric and electromeric are temporary electron displacement effects.
6. Arrange the following groups in the order of decreasing (+I) effect.
a) C6H5O– > COO– > CR3 > CHR2 > H
b) C6H5O– > H > CR3 > CHR2 > COO–
c) CR3 > C6H5O– > H > COO– > CHR2
d) C6H5O– > COO– > CHR2 > CR3 > H
Answer: a
Clarification: The correct order is- C6H5O– > COO– > CR3 > CHR2 > H.
7. Arrange the following groups in the order of decreasing (-I) effect.
a) CN > F > Br > Cl > COOH > I > H
b) COOH > CN > F > Br > Cl > I > H
c) H > COOH > CN > I > Cl > F > Cl
d) CN > COOH > F > Cl > Br > I > H
Answer: d
Clarification: The correct order is- CN > COOH > F > Cl > Br > I > H.
8. Which of the following is an application of inductive effect?
a) Bond length
b) Dipole moment
c) Strength of carboxylic acids
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d
Clarification: Bond length, dipole moment and strength of carboxylic acids are some of the applications of inductive effect.
9. Relative basic strength of amines does not depend upon ____________
a) Inductive effect
b) Mesomeric effect
c) Steric effect
d) Stabilisation of cation by hydration
Answer: b
Clarification: Relative basic strength of amines does not depend upon mesomeric effect. This effect is used in a qualitative way and describes the electron withdrawing or releasing properties of substituents based on relevant resonance structures.
10. Due to presence of C – X polar bond in alkyl halide, alkyl halides are ____________
a) More reactive than corresponding alkane
b) Less reactive than corresponding alkane
c) Equally reactive as corresponding alkane
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Clarification: Due to the presence of C – X polar bond in alkyl halide, alkyl halides are more reactive than corresponding alkane.