[Biology Class Notes] on Difference Between Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia Pdf

Disease happens for a variety of reasons. Some diseases represent random changes in a cell’s ability to proliferate and function normally, and in other situations, the disease occurs when external stimuli cause changes in the cell’s environment that prevent the cell from maintaining Homeostasis. 

 

It includes hyperplasia, hypertrophy, atrophy, and metaplasia and may be physiological or pathological, depending on whether the stimulus is normal or abnormal.

 

A cell may adapt to a certain point, but if the stimulus continues beyond that point, it may result in cell failure, and hence organ failure.

 

In this article hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and its differences are discussed in detail.

What is Hypertrophy?

Hypertrophy is the growth of a given tissue or organ. It does not include an increase due to adhesion or deposition of fat, or because of cell proliferation. 

 

Hypertrophy is only due to the enlargement of the cells of the tissue or organ. It occurs in permanent cells (non-dividing, like muscle skeletal, cardiac muscle, etc.).

 

Hypertrophy is Divided into Two Types, They are: 

 

Physiological Hypertrophy: After the demand is reduced the tissues return to their initial state.

 

Pathological Hypertrophy: Even after the demand is reduced the tissues do not return to their initial state.

Depending on the reason that cause it the hypertrophy can be:

• Compensatory hypertrophy

• Regenerative hypertrophy

• Vicarious hypertrophy

Compensatory Hypertrophy 

It occurs in response to increased load from a certain organ (e.g. when a person has a heart defect). Either the valve through which the heart has to push blood contracts or the valves are not completely closed in this condition. 

 

In both cases, it takes more hard effort to treat. Muscle cells increase their number, and myofibrils accumulate. In healthy people, the heart can also increase in size. For example, athletes. The cardiovascular load increases with large physical loads which results in compensatory hypertrophy.

 

Regenerative Hypertrophy 

It happens when one part of an organ dies or gets removed. This organ’s remaining cells increase their volume and begin working more intensively to compensate for the loss. This is possible, for example, in kidney and liver diseases.

 

Vicarious Hypertrophy

It develops on the loss of one of the two double organs. The remaining organ assumes the entire load and increases significantly. This happens for example after removing one kidney.

 

Vicarious hypertrophy occurs on the loss of one of the two double organs. The remaining organ absorbs all of the load and greatly increases. For example: This occurs after removal of the one kidney.

What is Hyperplasia?

Hyperplasia is termed when there is an increase in the amount of a tissue that results from cell proliferation. It can lead to a considerable enlargement of a certain organ.

 

A common response to a stimulus is hyperplasia. The cells which have been obtained are normal but in increased numbers. The modification of adaptive cells in hyperplasia is an increase in cell count. It happens in stable or labile dividing cells.

 

Hyperplasia can be a normal (physiological) or pathogenic response to some stimulus. Development hormones control cells that undergo hyperplasia, and proliferation ceases when the stimulus is removed.

 

Hyperplastic Growth Can be due to Various Stimuli: 

• Due to increase in demand (e.g. for compensation of skin loss)

• Due to any hormonal dysfunctions,

• chronic inflammatory response

• Damage Compensation

 

An example of hyperplasia is the proliferation of milk-secreting glandular cells in the breasts during pregnancy.

 

The hemihyperplasia is yet another example of hyperplasia. This is a hyperplasia that affects only one side of the body and can be linked to the generation of limbs of various sizes.

 

Compensatory hyperplasia occurs after an acute wound in the liver. It leads to the production of new cells, restoring liver function.

Sebaceous hyperplasia is a condition in which the skin of the face shows small yellowish growths.

 

Though hypertrophy and hyperplasia commonly represent the changes in cell ability and functions. Both are different from each other. Let’s see hypertrophy and hyperplasia differences below.

Hypertrophy Vs Hyperplasia

Hyperplasia Treatments

Improving the immune system to treat hyperplasia is necessary. You can follow these steps to improve your immune system naturally.

Hormone balance: you can maintain the hormones by having healthy lifestyles like maintaining the proper diet, exercising regularly, avoiding toxins like smoking, drinking, sleeping regularly, and managing stress. 

1. Fruits

2. Vegetables

3. Almonds, nuts

4. Seafood

5. Fresh herbs

6. Olive oil, cucumber,coconut oil

7. Raw meat

8. Green leafy

9. Milk and eggs

10. The rich fiber and proteins

11. Yogurt

12. Sprouts 

13. Wild-caught fish

Vitamin D regulates hormones and boosts the immune system.

• Detoxification methods help in the regulation of hormones. Stay away from toxins like excessive  drinking, smoking, drugs, etc

• Turmeric helps in killing cancer cells and tumor growth will be stopped.

• Exercising regularly helps in boosting your immune system. It helps in increasing the strength of muscles, treating cancer and cardiac diseases. It increases your lifespan, improves the immune system, protects your brain, and helps in having a good sleep.

• Sleep regularly, have a sound sleep for 7 hours daily. Reduce your stress, meditate every day, and practice yoga. Include healthy habits like walking every day, prayers, guided meditation, spending time with your friends and family, relaxing with nature. Focus on leading a healthy lifestyle.