Category: Applied Chemistry Objective Questions

250+ TOP MCQs on Compounding of Plastics – 1 and Answers

Applied Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions on “Compounding of Plastics – 1”.

1. Usually the polymer resin is mixed with four to ten ingredients during the fabrication to impart useful properties to the finished articles. This is called mix.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Usually the polymer resin is mixed with four to ten ingredients during the fabrication to impart useful properties to the finished articles. This is called mix. They are must and should to get good plastic.

2. __________ acts as a binder in plastics.
a) Resins
b) Plasticizers
c) Lubricant
d) Accelerators
Answer: a
Clarification: Resins acts as the binders in plastic which holds the different constituents together. The product of polymerisation is called resins.

3. ___________ increases the flexibility of the polymer.
a) Resins
b) Catalysts
c) Lubricants
d) Plasticizers
Answer: d
Clarification: Plasticizers are used to increase the flexibility of the polymer. It is also used to the increase of plasticity of the polymer.

4. Plasticizers are used to get the ___________ between the polymeric molecules.
a) Attraction
b) Freedom of movement
c) Pi-bond
d) Sigma bond
Answer: b
Clarification: Plasticizers are used to get the greater freedom of movement between the polymeric molecules. Plasticizers neutralise the intermolecular forces of attraction between polymer chains.

5. Plasticizers ___________ the strength of the plastics.
a) Increase
b) Decrease
c) Do not affect
d) May increase above the room temperature
Answer: b
Clarification: Plasticizer decreases the strength of the plastics. They also decrease the chemical resistance of the plasticizers.

6. __________ makes the polymers impermeable to x-rays.
a) Strontium salts
b) Ammonium salts
c) Calcium salts
d) Barium salts
Answer: d
Clarification: The barium salts makes the polymers impermeable to x-rays and asbestos provides heat and corrosion resistance to polymers.

7. The percentage of the fillers is up to ___________ total moulding mixture.
a) 20%
b) 30%
c) 40%
d) 50%
Answer: d
Clarification: The percentage of the fillers is up to the 50% of the total moulding mixture of the plastics. They reduce the cost of the polymers.

8. Which of the following are used as the fillers?
a) Vegetable oils
b) Camphor
c) Ester of stearic acids
d) Wood flour
Answer: d
Clarification: Vegetable oils, camphor and ester of stearic acids are used as the plasticizers. The wood flour, ZnO, PbO are used as the fillers.

9. __________ prevent moulded article from sticking to the fabrication equipment.
a) Catalyst
b) Fillers
c) Lubricants
d) Stabilizers
Answer: c
Clarification: Lubricants prevent moulded article from sticking to the fabrication equipment. They impart flawless and glossy finish to the products.

10. Lubricants are used to prevent the moulded article from _________
a) Rusting
b) Sticking
c) Not sticking
d) Burning
Answer: b
Clarification: Lubricants are used to prevent the moulded article from sticking to the fabrication equipment. Lubricants make the moulding plastics easier.

11. Which of the following are not used lubricants?
a) Oils
b) Waxes
c) Oleates
d) Salts
Answer: d
Clarification: The most commonly used lubricants are oils, waxes, oleates, stereates and soaps. The salts are not used as lubricants.

12. ___________ is used to improve the thermal stability during polymerisation.
a) Accelerators
b) Colouring materials
c) Stabilizers
d) Lubricants
Answer: c
Clarification: Stabilizers are used to improve the thermal stability during polymerisation. Accelerators are used to increase the polymerisation of fusion resin during modulation operation into linked infusible form.

13. Which of the following is a stabilizer?
a) White lead
b) PbO
c) ZnO
d) Metallic oxides
Answer: a
Clarification: The PbO, ZnO and metallic oxides are used as the fillers. ZnO and metal oxides are also used as the accelerators. The stabilizers are white lead, lead chromate, red lead.

14. Compression moulding is applicable to ___________
a) Thermoplastic resins
b) Thermo setting resins
c) Both thermo plastic and thermo setting resins
d) Neither thermo plastics nor thermo setting resins
Answer: c
Clarification: Compression moulding is applied to both the thermo plastics and thermo setting resins. It is the one of the method of fabrication.

15. How many types of fabrication methods are there?
a) 4
b) 5
c) 6
d) 7
Answer: d
Clarification: There are seven types of fabrication methods are there. They are compression moulding, injection moulding, transfer moulding, extrusion moulding, bubble moulding, casting and thermoforming.

250+ TOP MCQs on Conversion of Solar Energy and Applications and Answers

Applied Chemistry Quiz focuses on “Conversion of Solar Energy and Applications”.

1. Non conventional energy sources are those energy sources that are _________
a) Renewable
b) Non-renewable
c) Produced from electricity
d) Produced from heat
Answer: a
Clarification: The non conventional energy sources are the sources that are renewable and economically safe such as solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy etc.

2. The importance of increasing the use of non conventional energy sources in India is in _________
a) 1940
b) 1950
c) 1960
d) 1970
Answer: d
Clarification: The importance of increasing the use of non conventional energy sources in India is in 1970. Some of them are geothermal energy, nuclear energy.

3. Solar energy in India is utilised through ________
a) Photo voltaic route
b) Photometric route
c) Photo power
d) Photosynthesis
Answer: a
Clarification: In India, the solar energy is utilised through the photo voltaic route. This can also be utilised from the thermal route.

4. Power generating system is based on _______
a) Biomass gasification
b) Coal gasification
c) Solar energy
d) Wind energy
Answer: a
Clarification: Power generating system is based on the biomass gasification. It can also be based on the biomass combustion that was launched in different places in central India.

5. Wind generator is used for ________
a) Power generation
b) Heat generation
c) Power dissipation
d) Power consumption
Answer: a
Clarification: Wind generation is used to produce power. The wind energy is mostly used for this purpose. The wind flows from high region to the lower region.

6. Geothermal energy is mostly produced in ________ in India.
a) Mumbai
b) Kerala
c) Chennai
d) Himachal pradesh
Answer: d
Clarification: Geothermal energy is mostly produced in Himachal Pradesh in India. It is also seen in Jammu and Kashmir in India. The geothermal energy is generated from the hot springs.

7. In Timarpur, the power is generated from __________
a) Urban waste
b) Solar energy
c) Hydro power
d) Wind energy
Answer: a
Clarification: In Timarpur in Delhi, The power is generated from the urban wastes and industrial wastes. This process is also carried out in Tamil nadu in India.

8. The main application of solar cells is to generate electricity from __________
a) Water
b) Sunlight
c) Wind
d) Biomass
Answer: b
Clarification: The main application of solar cells is to generate electricity from sunlight. Even it is small scale or large scale electricity from sun light.

9. Solar photovoltaic cells are often connected electrically in _______
a) Series
b) Parallel
c) Randomly
d) Neither series nor parallel
Answer: a
Clarification: Solar photovoltaic cells are often connected electrically in series. They encapsulated as a module to create additive voltage and to yield high current.

10. Solar power is a good __________ renewable source.
a) Commercial
b) Economical
c) Commercial and economical
d) Neither commercial nor economical
Answer: b
Clarification: Solar power is a good economic renewable source of energy. It helps preserving the environment.

11. _________ can be used for recharging the portable devices.
a) Solar photovoltaic cells
b) Solar panels
c) Solar batteries
d) Solar dishes
Answer: b
Clarification: The solar panels can be used for recharging portable devices and making power. They are also used as the heating water etc.

12. Solar cells can be used in calculators.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Solar cells can be used in calculators. They can also be used in components like solar flash light, street lightening, home lightening and lanterns.

13. _________ in sunlight hits the panel.
a) Dust
b) Photons
c) Electrons
d) Protons
Answer: b
Clarification: The photons n sunlight hits the panel. The photons are absorbed by the semi conducting material that is used to make the panel. Silicon is mostly used to make the panels.

14. The __________ present in the material are de-localised.
a) Electrons
b) Protons
c) Neutrons
d) Positrons
Answer: a
Clarification: The electrons present in the semi conducting material are de-localised and allowed to flow. The flow of electrons produces the current.

15. Due to the special composition of the solar cells the electrons are allowed to flow in _________
a) Opposite direction
b) Multiple directions
c) Single direction
d) Random direction
Answer: c
Clarification: Due to the special composition of the solar cells the electrons are allowed to flow in single direction only. An array of solar cells converts solar energy into the direct current.

Applied Chemistry for Quizzes,

250+ TOP MCQs on Saponification Value – 2 and Answers

Applied Chemistry Interview Questions and Answers for Experienced people focuses on “Saponification Value – 2”.

1. The saponification value is given by ______
a) Saponification value = (volume of KOH +NKOH+56)/wt of the oil taken
b) Saponification value = (volume of KOH * NKOH/56)/wt of the oil taken
c) Saponification value = (volume of KOH * NKOH*56)/wt of the oil taken
d) Saponification value = (volume of KOH – NKOH-56)/wt of the oil taken
Answer: c
Clarification: The saponification value is given by Saponification value = (volume of KOH * NKOH*56)/wt of the oil taken. So, to determine the saponification value first we need to know the volume of KOH utilised.

2. What is the acid value of the groundnut oil?
a) 0.2-8.0
b) 0.4-0.8
c) 10.0-35.2
d) 0.4-2.2
Answer: a
Clarification: The acid value of the groundnut oil is 0.2-8.0. Castor oil has the acid value of 0.4-0.8. Coconut oil is having a high acid value that is about 10.0-35.2.

3. What is the saponification oil of coconut oil?
a) 194-196
b) 201-203
c) 253-260
d) 194-197
Answer: c
Clarification: The saponification value of the coconut oil is very high because it has very high acid value. The saponification value of the coconut is 253-203. The more acid value is the high the saponification value.

4. Which of the following has no acid value?
a) Cotton seed oil
b) Rape seed oil
c) Whale oil
d) Hard oil
Answer: d
Clarification: Hard oil has no acid value. Cotton seed oil has the acid value of 194-195. Rape seed oil has low acid value that is about 1.4-4.0. The whale oil has the acidic value of 0.3-51.4.

5. The saponification value of the hard oil is _________
a) 192-198
b) 194-195
c) 194-196
d) 190-191
Answer: a
Clarification: The saponification value of the hard oil is 192-198. Though it has no acid value it has saponification value. 194-195 is the saponification value of the cotton seed oil. Groundnut oil and whale oil has the saponification values of 194-196 and 190-191 respectively.

6. The percentage of fatty oil when compounded in the oil is given by _________
a) C*F/100
b) (C/F)*100
c) (C+F)*100
d) (C-F)*100
Answer: b
Clarification: The percentage of fatty oil when compounded in the oil is given by (C/F)*100. Here, C = saponification value of the compounded or lubricating oil and F = saponification of the fatty oil.

7. Triglyceride reacts with glycerol to form _________
a) Sodium of fatty acid
b) Potassium of fatty acid
c) Magnesium of fatty acid
d) Chlorides of fatty acids
Answer: b
Clarification: Triglyceride reacts with glycerol to produce the potassium of fatty acids. The potassium of fatty acids are called as soaps. Mainly alkyl groups of triglycerides and glycerol are made to react.

8. In determination of saponification value of the oil reaction _______ is unreacted.
a) NaOH
b) Nacl
c) KOH
d) Kcl
Answer: c
Clarification: In determination of the saponification value of the oil reaction, KOH is unreacted. The KOH is used as the catalyst and it remains unreacted and then titrated with standard acid using phenolphthalein as an indicator.

9. Find the acid value of the vegetable oil whose 10ml required 4.0ml of 0.01N KOH during titration (d = 0.92).
a) 0.243mg
b) 2.43mg
c) 24.3mg
d) 243mg
Answer: a
Clarification: To find out the acid value of an oil we know the formula, acid value= (volume of KOH*N KOH*56)/wt of the oil in mg. Wt of the oil can be known by calculating the product of density and volume to get 9.2gm. Substitute the values in formula to get 0.243mg as the answer.

10. The saponification value also indicates _______
a) Number of carbons
b) Number of alkyl groups
c) Number of fatty acids
d) Length of the carbon chain
Answer: d
Clarification: The saponification value also indicates the length of the carbon chain in the particular oil or fat. Higher the saponification value greater the percentage of the short chain acids present in glycerides.

Applied Chemistry for Interviews,

250+ TOP MCQs on Classification of Crude Oil based on their Composition and Answers

Applied Chemistry Interview Questions and Answers focuses on “Classification of Crude Oil based on their Composition”.

1. Paraffins are obtained by ______ process from petroleum.
a) fractional distillation
b) sedimentation
c) filtration
d) fermentation
Answer: a
Clarification: Fractional distillation is the process in which the petroleum is refined and in this process at every stage there will some bi-product and at a certain stage paraffins are obtained in this process. Fermentation is used to produce the alcohol and filtration is the process of removing impurities.

2. Paraffins are mostly used as _______
a) dye
b) lubricant
c) catalyst
d) coolent
Answer: b
Clarification: Paraffins are used as lubricant as it is having oily nature. Coolent is the substance which is used to cool down the system. In nuclear reactor water is used as coolent. Aniline is the example of dye.

3. Liquid paraffin is used as ________
a) Dye
b) Medical purposes
c) Inhibitor
d) Catalyst
Answer: b
Clarification: The liquid paraffins are used for medical purposes. They are mainly used in ointments and gel type medicines.Inhibitor means negative catalyst.

4. What is the general formula for Naphthenes?
a) CnH2n+2
b) CnH2n
c) CnH2n-6
d) CnH2n-2
Answer: b
Clarification: The general formula for Naphthenes is CnH2n. The general formula for paraffins CnH2n+2. The general formula for aromatics is CnH2n-6.

5. Naphthenes are also called as _______
a) cyclo alkanes
b) aromatics
c) cyclo alkenes
d) cyclo alkynes
Answer: a
Clarification: Naphthenes can also be called as cyclo alkanes. Aromatics are mostly benzene rings.

6. Naphthenes having more than 20 C-atoms are called as ________
a) cyclo alkenes
b) cyclo alkanes
c) cyclo paraffins
d) cyclo alkynes
Answer: c
Clarification: Cyclo paraffins are the Naphthenes having more than 20 C-atoms. The other cyclo compounds may have more than 20 carbon atoms but they are not Naphthenes.

7. Olefins are slightly soluble in ___________
a) water
b) alcohol
c) kerosene
d) ethanol
Answer: a
Clarification: Olefins are slightly soluble in water. The branching increases the solubility of hydro carbons(Olefins).

8. The chemical structure of Olefins can be given by ________
a) –(–CH2—CH2–)n—
b)

--(--CH2---CH--)--
       I
       R

c) –(–CH2—CH–)n—
d) –(–CH2—CH3–)n—
Answer: b
Clarification:

--(--CH2---CH--)--
       I
       R

is the structure of Olefins, where R is the amino
group. –(–CH2—CH2–)n— is the structure of ethylene.

9. Olefins containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms are ______ at ordinary temperature.
a) solid
b) liquid
c) gaseous
d) semisolid
Answer: c
Clarification: The olefins containing 2 to 4 carbons are very small hydro carbons and they will be in gaseous state generally at room temperature.

10. Aromatic compounds are produced from ________
a) natural gas
b) coal tar
c) oil gas
d) heavy gas
Answer: b
Clarification: Aromatic compounds are produced from coal tar. They are of fruity odor that means they will have some sweet smell.

11. Aromatic compounds are _____ with water.
a) dissolves
b) immiscible
c) forms lump
d) easily dissolves
Answer: b
Clarification: Aromatic compounds do not dissolve in water. They do not form lumps with water but olefins will dissolve in water slightly.

12. The flame colour of the aromatic compounds is ________
a) yellow
b) orange
c) green
d) pink
Answer: a
Clarification: The flame color of the aromatic compounds is in yellow as a lot of carbon in the compound changes into carbon black results in yellow flame.

Applied Chemistry for Interviews,

250+ TOP MCQs on Biological Oxidation Process and Answers

Applied Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions on “Biological Oxidation Process”.

1. In biological oxidation process, depending on the organic load, the oxidation takes place ___________
a) 1-4Hours
b) 4-8Hours
c) 8-16Hours
d) 16-20Hours
Answer: b
Clarification: In biological oxidation process, depending on the organic load, the oxidation process takes place up to 4 to 8 hours. Organic impurities are reduced by the biological oxidation process by micro organisms.

2. All impurities are oxidised into the _________ and ___________ in the biological oxidation process.
a) Oxygen and water
b) Carbondioxide and water
c) Nitrogen and water
d) Chlorine an water
Answer: b
Clarification: All impurities are oxidised into the carbondioxide and water in the biological oxidation process. The sludge formed in this process will be settled down quickly and gives clear supernatant.

3. The water after removing of sludge in the biological oxidation process is treated with ____________
a) Chlorine
b) Bromine
c) Fluorine
d) Iodine
Answer: a
Clarification: The water after removing of sludge in the biological oxidation process is treated with the chlorine or bleaching powder to make it more safe and let it into surface water.

4. Trickling filter method is ___________ than the activated sludge process.
a) Fast
b) Slow
c) Very fast
d) Moderate
Answer: b
Clarification: Trickling filter method is slow process than that of the activated sludge process. This process is convenient and cheaper process than the activated sludge process.

5. The depth of the rectangular circular tanks in the trickling filters method is having the depth of ____________
a) 4m
b) 3m
c) 2m
d) 1m
Answer: c
Clarification: The depth of the rectangular circular tanks in the trickling filters method is having the depth of the 2 metres packed with broken stone pieces or coal etc.

6. Periodic cleaning is used to _________
a) Increase efficiency
b) Decrease efficiency
c) Increase pressure
d) Decrease dissolved oxygen
Answer: a
Clarification: Periodic cleaning is necessary to remove excess sludge in the water. So, it is useful to increase the efficiency of the process.

7. In the trickling filter process, the _________ build up and they block the passage.
a) Sludge formed
b) Dissolved impurities
c) Dissolved solids
d) Micro organisms
Answer: d
Clarification: The micro organism built up and they block the passage and then the rate of flow drops considerably.

8. Dried sludge can be used as _________
a) Fertilizer
b) Pesticide
c) Reagent
d) Medicine
Answer: a
Clarification: Dried sludge can be used as the fertilizer. It is one of the main advantages. The sludge is de watered by the filtration in sand beds.

9. The unpleasant odour of the water is due to presence of the __________
a) Nitrogen
b) Bismuth
c) Phenols
d) Dissolved oxygen
Answer: c
Clarification: The unpleasant odour of the water is due to the presence of the phenols, hydrogen sulphides, chlorine and organic sulphur compounds.

10. __________ imparts peculiar odour to the water.
a) Decaying organic matter
b) Detergents
c) Phenols
d) Dissolved oxygen
Answer: b
Clarification: The bad odour of water is due to the phenols, decaying organic matter and phenols. The peculiar odour is due to the detergents and pesticides.

11. Reacting the water with _________ removes the odour due to the phenols.
a) KMnO4
b) MnO4
c) Potassium
d) Magnesium
Answer: a
Clarification: The chlorination of water and reacting the water with the potassium permanganate removes the odour of water due to phenols.

12. The treatment of water with _________ improves the taste of water.
a) Oxygen
b) Chlorine
c) KMnO4
d) Ozone
Answer: d
Clarification: The treatment of water with the ozone improves the taste of the water and the bed of activated carbon removes the colour.

13. How many methods of removing the radio active impurities are there?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: a
Clarification: There are two types of methods. They are: By absorbing the radio active elements by using suitable absorbent. Allowing of such periods at which it separates from water.

250+ TOP MCQs on Plastics and Answers

Applied Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions on “Plastics”.

1. Plastics are the materials obtained by mixing the __________ with the other ingredients which impart special engineering properties.
a) Resin
b) Monomer
c) Catalyst
d) Any polymer
Answer: a
Clarification: Plastics are the materials obtained by mixing the resin with the other ingredients having special engineering properties. Resin is the polymerisation and forms the major part of the plastics.

2. Plastics are ________ in weight.
a) Very heavy
b) Light
c) Negligible
d) Heavy
Answer: b
Clarification: Plastics are light in weight. They have good thermal and electrical insulation. So, they do not conduct electricity.

3. The fabrication cost is __________ for plastics.
a) High
b) Low
c) Moderate
d) Very high
Answer: b
Clarification: The fabrication cost of the plastics is low. It has easy workability. It is chemically inert. It do not react with any other compounds.

4. The abrasion resistance of the plastic is ____________
a) Low
b) Very low
c) High
d) Moderate
Answer: c
Clarification: The abrasion resistance of the plastic is high. Th plastic has the dimensional stability. It is impermeable to water.

5. The plastics are _________
a) Semi conductors
b) Conductors
c) Conducts at above room temperature only
d) Insulators
Answer: d
Clarification: The plastics are very good insulators. They are considered as the good engineering materials due to the this reason also.

6. Plastic resin is used in the paint industry as _________
a) Catalyst
b) Ion exchanger
c) Inhibitor
d) Coolant
Answer: b
Clarification: Plastic is used in the paint industry as the ion exchanger in purification of the water for boilers and as good building materials.

7. How many types of plastic resins are there?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
Answer: a
Clarification: The plastic resins are classified into two types. They are thermo plastic resins and thermo setting resins.

8. Thermo plastics becomes ________ on heating.
a) Rigid
b) Moulded
c) Soft
d) Brittle
Answer: c
Clarification: On heating the thermo plastic resins, they become soft and on cooling they become rigid reversibly. The thermo setting resins are moulded on heating.

9. The heating and cooling of the thermo plastics _________the chemical nature.
a) Alters
b) Do not alters
c) Alters slightly
d) May be alters
Answer: b
Clarification: The heating and cooling of the thermo plastics do not alters the chemical nature of these resins because the changes involved are purely of physical nature.

10. Thermo setting plastics are formed by _________
a) Step polymerisation
b) Suspension polymerisation
c) Emulsion polymerisation
d) Co-ordination polymerisation
Answer: a
Clarification: Thermo setting plastics are formed by the step polymerisation. The thermo plastic resins are formed by chain polymerisation.

11. The thermo setting resins have three dimensional network structures.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: The thermo setting resins have three dimensional network structures. The thermo plastics consists of long chain linear polymers.

12. Thermo setting resins are __________
a) Soft
b) Hard
c) Weak
d) Less brittle
Answer: b
Clarification: Thermo setting resins are hard. They are strong in nature and they are more brittle.

13. The thermo plastics resins are usually soluble in _________
a) Organic solvents
b) Only in some organic solvents
c) Polar solvents
d) Only in water
Answer: a
Clarification: The thermo plastics resins are usually soluble in organic solvents. The thermo setting resins are insoluble in organic solvents.

14. Which of the following is a thermo setting resins?
a) Polyethylene
b) Polyvinyl chloride
c) Polyvinyl cyanide
d) Bakelite
Answer: d
Clarification: The Bakelite comes under the thermo setting resins. The polyethene and poly vinyl chloride comes under the thermo plastic resins.

15. In thermo plastic resins the force of attraction can be break easily by ____________
a) Heat
b) Pressure
c) Both heat and pressure
d) Neither heat nor pressure
Answer: c
Clarification: In thermo plastic resins the force of attraction can be break easily by both the heat and pressure. These can be reshaped but the thermo setting resins cannot be reshaped.