Category: Applied Chemistry Objective Questions

Applied Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions on “Methods of Synthesis”.

1. The atom economy obtained for green synthesis is in the range of _________
a) 62-70%
b) 72-82%
c) 40-50%
d) 90-100%
Answer: b
Clarification: The atom economy obtained for green synthesis is in the range of 72-82%. If the reaction is rearrangement reaction then the % of atom economy is mostly 100%.

2. Micro fluid reactor will minimise _________
a) Solvent waste
b) Efficiency
c) Number of molecules
d) Number of collisions
Answer: a
Clarification: Micro fluid reactor is used to minimise the solvent waste. When the reaction takes place there will be a product sometimes useful by sometimes unnecessary. Such waste must be reduced.

3. Green synthesis method is ________ than the conventional method.
a) More costlier
b) More efficient
c) Slower
d) Less efficient
Answer: b
Clarification: Green synthesis method is more efficient than the conventional method. So, the green synthesis method is selected now a days.

4. In petrochemical industry, both in conventional method and green synthesis what is the first product obtained?
a) 2-ethyl benzene
b) Ethanol
c) Methyl methacrylate
d) 2-methyl propyl benzene
Answer: d
Clarification: In petrochemical industry, both in conventional method and green synthesis, 2-methyl propyl benzene is the first product obtained. All the other elements may produce later in some case.

5. In conventional method _________ is used.
a) Nacl
b) Alcl₃
c) Na₂SO₄
d) H₂SO₄
Answer: b
Clarification: In the conventional method AlCl₃ is used. All the other elements are not supposed to be used in these reactions.

6. What is the starting material for nylon 6-6 is _________
a) Acetic anhydride
b) 2-methyl propyl benzene
c) Adipic acid
d) Nitric acid
Answer: c
Clarification: The starting material for producing the nylon 6-6 is adipic acid. It is prepared from poly condensation of hexaethylene diamine and adipic acid.

7. In green synthesis by avoiding harmful by products the catalyst used is _________
a) Tungsten
b) Benzene
c) Cyclo hexane
d) Adipic acid
Answer: a
Clarification: In green synthesis by avoiding harmful by products the catalyst used is Tungsten. All the other are cyclic elements. They produce some harmful materials as they are carbon compounds.

8. In green synthetic methods, the high quality product with no ________ are produced.
a) Good products
b) Catalyst
c) Reaction
d) Contamination
Answer: d
Clarification: In green synthetic methods, the high quality product with no contamination is produced. The main aim is to avoid contamination or pollution.

9. The green synthesis methods should have _______
a) Low efficiency
b) High harmful by products
c) Low energy requirements
d) Low atom efficiency
Answer: c
Clarification: The green synthesis mainly gives the good product with less cost and more standard and no toxic materials. So, the energy required will be less.

10. The di-basic acid is used in its ________
a) Impure form
b) Pure form
c) Solid state
d) Liquid form
Answer: b
Clarification: The di-basic acid is used in its pure form. Its melting point is 152.1^oC. In preparation of the nylon 6-6, the first step is to prepare the salt.

Applied Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions on “Classification of Lubricants – 1”.

1. How many types of lubricants are there on the basis of the shear strength?
a) 5
b) 3
c) 4
d) 2
Answer: c
Clarification: There are four types of lubricants according to the classification on the basis of the shear strength. They are solid, liquid, semi-solid and gaseous lubricants. Shear strength is the strength against the structural failure of the component.

2. In solid lubricants, the _________ will be low.
a) coefficient of friction
b) calorific value
c) stability
d) cleanliness
Answer: a
Clarification: The coefficient of friction will be low for the solid lubricants and it is one of the disadvantages of the solid lubricants. They are stable at high temperatures also. Cleanliness of the solid lubricants is also high.

3. One of the advantages of the solid lubricants is ___________
a) unstable in radiation
b) high coefficient of friction than liquid lubricants
c) low coefficient of friction
d) permit equipment is simple
Answer: d
Clarification: The permit equipment is simple so that it can be carried anywhere very easily. Normally, the coefficient of friction of the solid lubricant is low and it is a disadvantage. Another disadvantage is it is unstable in radiation.

4. Which of the following are the disadvantages of solid lubricants?
a) poor heat dissipation
b) more effective even at high pressures
c) high resistance to detoriation
d) permit equipment is heavy
Answer: a
Clarification: One of the disadvantages of the solid lubricants is poor heat dissipation. They have more ability to perform well at the high load too(under high pressures).

5. Powder of a solid lubricant delivered to the __________
a) rubbing area
b) composite material
c) film
d) surface
Answer: a
Clarification: The powder of the solid lubricant is delivered to the rubbing area that means dry lubrication and it has good adhesiveness. Composite coating consists of the particles of a solid lubricant and dispersed throughout matrix.

6. The crystal lattice of the inorganic lubricants has a ___________ forming thin parallel planes.
a) octagonal rings
b) hexagonal rings
c) pentagonal rings
d) trigonal rings
Answer: b
Clarification: The crystal lattice structure of the inorganic lubricants has hexagonal rings forming thin parallel planes. Within the plane each atom is strongly bonded with covalent bonds. Each plane is bonded by weak vaanderwal forces.

7. Which of the following is not the inorganic lubricant?
a) WS₂
b) TiTe₂
c) GaS
d) Pb
Answer: d
Clarification: Pb is the soft metal lubricant. Sulphides, selenides and telluride’s of molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, tantalum and titanium are comes under the inorganic lubricants.

8. Soft metals possess lubrication due to ___________
a) low plasticity
b) high plasticity
c) no plasticity
d) moderate plasticity
Answer: b
Clarification: The soft metals have the high plasticity as they have low shear strength. Lead, tin, bismuth, indium, cadmium and silver are the some of the examples of soft metal lubricants.

9. Coating and overlays will be done by using _________
a) inorganic lubricants
b) organic lubricants
c) soft metal
d) oxides
Answer: c
Clarification: Soft metals are used in pure forms to produce alloys. They actually used for coatings. They are used in lead based and tin based engine bearing over lays. They are also used in the matrix composite materials.

10. Soft metal lubricants are produced by using ____________
a) purifying
b) thermal spraying
c) distillation
d) electroplating
Answer: b
Clarification: Electrotyping and thermal spraying can be used for the production of soft metal lubricants. The distillation and purifying are the processes for cleaning the liquids.

Applied Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions on “Types of Fuel Cells”.

1. In standard hydrogen electrode, concentration of hydrogen is ____________
a) 0M
b) 0.5M
c) 1M
d) 1.5M
Answer: c
Clarification: In standard hydrogen electrode, the concentration of hydrogen is 1 molar and the pressure is about 1atm.

2. The temperature maintained in the standard hydrogen electrode is _____________
a) 22^oC
b) 23^oC
c) 24^oC
d) 25^oC
Answer: d
Clarification: The temperature maintained in the standard hydrogen electrode is 25^oC, pressure is maintained at 1 atmosphere.

3. The emf of the standard hydrogen electrode is ____________
a) 0V
b) 1V
c) 2V
d) 3V
Answer: a
Clarification: The electro motive force of the standard hydrogen electrode is 0V. Depending on the half cell attached, hydrogen cell acts as anode or cathode.

4. Which of the following is the correct equation?
a) E = E^o [(2.303RT)/nF] log₁₀ [H⁺]
b) E = E^o + [(2.303RT)/nF] log₁₀ [H⁺]
c) E = E^o – [(2.303RT)/nF] log₁₀ [H⁺]
d) E = E^o/[(2.303RT)/nF] log₁₀ [H⁺]
Answer: c
Clarification: E = E^o – [(2.303RT)/nF] log₁₀ [H⁺] is called Nernst equation. Where, E = single electrode potential, E^o = standard electrode potential, n = valency of ion, F = faraday.

5. If the standard hydrogen electrode is used as the reduction electrode, then the emf is given by __________
a) E_red = -E^o + (5/n) log₁₀ [H⁺]
b) E_red = -E^o – (0.0591/n) log₁₀ [H⁺]
c) E_red = E^o + (0.0591/n) log₁₀ [H⁺]
d) E_red = -E^o + (0.0591/n) log₁₀ [H⁺]
Answer: d
Clarification: If the standard hydrogen electrode is used as the reduction electrode, then the emf can be given by E_red = -E^o + (0.0591/n) log₁₀ [H⁺] that is E_red = – E_OX.

6. In standard calomel electrode, for saturated KCL solution, electrode potential is __________
a) 0.897V
b) 0.456V
c) 0.3512V
d) 0.2415V
Answer: d
Clarification: In standard calomel electrode, for saturated KCL solution, electrode potential is 0.2415V. The mercury of high purity is placed at the bottom of this tube.

7. For 1N KCL standard reduction potential in the calomel electrode is __________
a) 0.28V
b) 0.25V
c) 0.5V
d) 1V
Answer: a
Clarification: For 1N KCL standard reduction in the calomel electrode is 0.28V. For 0.1N KCL solution the reduction potential is 0.3338V.

8. The calomel electrode is only used as _________
a) Oxidising electrode
b) Reducing electrode
c) Depends on the half cell
d) Cannot be said
Answer: b
Clarification: The calomel electrode is used only as a reducing electrode. The electrolyte used is a solution of potassium chloride.

9. ___________ is the device used to measure the emf of the cell.
a) Voltmeter
b) Potentiometer
c) Ammeter
d) Multimeter
Answer: b
Clarification: The potentiometer is the device used to measure the electro motive force of the cell. Ammeter is used to measure the quantity of current.

10. The emf of the Weston standard cell is __________ at 20^oC.
a) 16.7989V
b) 5.2572V
c) 1.0183V
d) 0V
Answer: c
Clarification: The electro motive force of the Weston standard cell is 1.0183V at 20^oC and It varies slightly by 0.0000406V per change of 1^oC.

11. In primary cells reaction is not reversible.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: In primary cells, the reaction is not reversible and in secondary cells, the reaction can be reversed.

12. The energy of the fuel cells ___________
a) Can be recharged
b) Cannot be recharged
c) Is stored
d) Cannot be said
Answer: c
Clarification: The energy of the fuel cells is stored. Energy can be withdrawn indefinitely as long as outside supply of fuel is maintained.

Applied Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions on “Synthetic Rubber”.

1. BUNA – S is otherwise called as __________
a) Sodium rubber
b) Synthesized rubber
c) Butadiene rubber
d) Styrene rubber
Answer: d
Clarification: BUNA – S is otherwise called as styrene rubber. It is also called as the government rubber styrene.

2. Ameripol is nothing but _________
a) BUNA – N
b) BUNA – S
c) Dacron
d) Teflon
Answer: b
Clarification: Ameripol is nothing but BUNA – S. BUNA – S stands for the composition of the monomers and catalyst.

3. In BUNA – S, the BU stands for ________
a) Butadiene
b) Butane
c) Butaraldehyde
d) 3-Butanoic acid
Answer: a
Clarification: In BUNA – S, the BU stands for Butadiene. The butadiene acts as the monomer. NA acts as catalyst that is sodium and S for styrene acts as monomer.

4. Styrene rubber is a _________
a) Strong
b) Weak
c) Neither strong nor weak
d) Very weak
Answer: a
Clarification: Styrene rubber is strong and tough polymer. Styrene is from benzene and ethylene in presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride as catalyst.

5. Styrene rubber is vulcanised by ___________
a) Sulphurous oxide
b) Sulphur mono chloride
c) Sulphur-di-oxide
d) Carbon
Answer: b
Clarification: Styrene rubber is vulcanised by sulphur mono chloride or sulphur. It resembles natural rubber in processing characteristics and quality of finished products.

6. BUNA- S is a __________
a) Electrical insulator
b) Electrical conductor
c) Semi conductor
d) Conducts only at a certain temperature
Answer: a
Clarification: BUNA – S is a good electrical insulator. Butadiene is produced from the acetaldehyde and ethyl alcohol.

7. The BUNA – S is _________ chemicals.
a) Attacked by
b) Resistant to
c) Neither resistant nor attacked
d) Neutral
Answer: b
Clarification: The BUNA – S is resistant to the chemicals and it is swelled by the oils and attacked by the traces of ozone present in atmosphere.

8. Manufacture of tyres can be done by __________
a) BUNA – N
b) Thiokol rubber
c) Poly sulphide rubber
d) BUNA – S
Answer: d
Clarification: Manufacture of tyres can be done by the BUNA – S. It is used in the foot ware industry for making shoe soles and foot ware components.

9. Which of the following can be made by the BUNA – S?
a) Cable insulations
b) Coats
c) Water proof clothes
d) Cosmetics
Answer: a
Clarification: The cable insulations and the wires can be made by the BUNA -S. Floor files, tank linings in chemical industries and as an adhesive.

10. Which of the following rubber cannot be vulcanised?
a) BUNA – S
b) BUNA – N
c) Thiokol rubber
d) Teflon
Answer: c
Clarification: The Thiokol rubber is also called as the poly sulphide rubber. The Thiokol rubber cannot be vulcanised and it cannot form hard rubber.

11. The poly sulphide rubber is resistant to __________
a) Ozone
b) Oils
c) Chemicals
d) Nitrogen
Answer: a
Clarification: The poly sulphide rubber is resistant to the ozone. It is also resistance to the mineral oils, fuels, solvents, oxygen and sunlight.

12. The gaskets can be made by __________
a) Gutta-percha
b) Nitrile rubber
c) Thiokol rubber
d) BUNA – S
Answer: c
Clarification: The gaskets can be made by the thiokol rubber. It is made of seals for printing rolls. They are also used for lining houses for conveying gasoline.

13. BUNA – N is a co-polymer of ___________ and __________
a) Butadiene, acrylonitrile
b) Sodium poly sulphide, ethylene dichloride
c) Benzene, ethylene
d) Acetaldehyde, ethyl alcohol
Answer: a
Clarification: BUNA – N is a co-polymer of the acrylonitrile and butadiene. Thiokol is the co-polymer of the sodium poly sulphide and ethylene dichloride. Styrene is the co-polymer of the benzene and ethylene.

14. BUNA – N can be vulcanised by __________
a) Sulphur
b) Oxygen
c) Sulphur dioxide
d) Sulphurous acid
Answer: a
Clarification: BUNA – N can be vulcanised by the sulphur. BU stands for the butadiene and NA stands for sodium and N stands for acrylonitrile.

15. Vulcanized BUNA – N is resistant to _________
a) High temperatures
b) Low temperature
c) Oils
d) Acids
Answer: a
Clarification: Vulcanised BUNA – N is resistant to the high temperatures. The normal BUNA – N is resistant to the acids, salts, heat and oils.

Applied Chemistry MCQs focuses on “Tidal and Wave Power – 2”.

1. Tidal power is taken from earth’s __________ tides.
a) Sea
b) Oceanic
c) Other water sources
d) River
Answer: b
Clarification: Tidal power is taken from earth’s oceanic tides. The ocean tides will serve as good energy sources. They are in good use for the generation of electricity.

2. The tidal forces are ______________ in gravitational attraction exerted by celestial bodies.
a) Aperiodic variations
b) Periodic variations
c) Continuous
d) Discrete
Answer: b
Clarification: The tidal forces are periodic variations in gravitational attraction exerted by celestial bodies. These forces create the corresponding motions or currents in the world oceans.

3. Due to ________ the bulge is created in the water level.
a) weak attraction forces
b) Vanderwals forces
c) Wave currents
d) Strong attraction forces
Answer: d
Clarification: Due to strong attraction forces, the bulge is created in the water level of the ocean bodies. These turns into the turbines to generate power.

4. The bulge in water will increase the sea level _________
a) Temporarily
b) Permanently
c) Only for seconds
d) Only for a minute
Answer: a
Clarification: The bulge in water will increase the sea level temporarily. The bulge is due to the strong attraction forces.

5. In how many types the tidal power is generated?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: d
Clarification: The tidal power can be generated in four types. They are: 1.tidal steam generator, 2. tidal barrage method, 3. dynamic tidal power method and 4. tidal lagoon method.

6. The kinetic energy is used to make power in __________ method.
a) Tidal lagoon method
b) Dynamic tidal power
c) Tidal barrage method
d) Tidal steam generator
Answer: d
Clarification: The tidal steam generator is the method which uses the kinetic energy to generate the electricity. They use the kinetic energy of the moving water to turn turbines similar way as wind power turbines.

7. The both potential and kinetic energy is used in _________ method.
a) Dynamic tidal power
b) Tidal lagoon method
c) Tidal barrage method
d) Tidal steam generator
Answer: a
Clarification: The both potential and kinetic energies of the flowing water is used to make the power. The dynamic tidal power method uses both the methods.

8. The tidal barrage method uses kinetic energy and tidal lagoon method uses potential energy to produce electricity.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: The above statement is false because the tidal barrage method uses potential energy to produce the electricity and the tidal lagoon method uses the potential method as well.

9. The turbines in the tidal steam generator are placed at ___________ of water column.
a) Bottom
b) Top
c) Right side
d) Left side
Answer: a
Clarification: The turbines in the tidal steam generator are placed at bottom of the water column. These turbines can be horizontal, vertical, open or ducted.

10. The potential energy is turned into _________ energy in tidal barrage method.
a) kinetic energy
b) Mechanical energy
c) Chemical energy
d) Static energy
Answer: b
Clarification: The potential difference between the high tide and low tide is utilized to produce electricity. The potential energy is turned into mechanical energy in tidal barrage method.

11. The reservoirs that are similar to the tidal barrages are created in tidal lagoon method and those are called as __________
a) Lagoons
b) Wells
c) Pots
d) Tanks
Answer: a
Clarification: In tidal lagoon method the reservoirs are similar to the tidal barrages are created. They are called as lagoons.

12. The pumping of lagoon will flatten out the _________
a) Tides
b) Power output
c) Water
d) Low tides
Answer: b
Clarification: The pumping will flatten the power output. So, the lagoons can be in double format without pumping.

13. The ___________ is used for pumping.
a) Solar energy
b) Tidal energy
c) Wind energy
d) Static energy
Answer: a
Clarification: The solar energy is used for pumping. The four turbines are placed at the area with high tidal movements.

To practice MCQs on all areas of Applied Chemistry,

Applied Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions on “Principles of Green Chemistry”.

1. The principles of green chemistry include eliminating ________ treatments.
a) Costly
b) Harmful
c) Hard
d) Easy
Answer: a
Clarification: The principles of green chemistry include eliminating costly treatments. It makes the reactions with less cost and no toxic materials.

2. One of the principles of green chemistry says that to produce _______ goods.
a) Harmful
b) Commercial
c) Safer
d) Most used
Answer: c
Clarification: One of the principles of green chemistry says that the produced goods must be safe. That means the goods must be not harmful for environment.

3. After the use of chemicals, we must ______ them properly.
a) Use
b) Reuse
c) Dispose
d) Store
Answer: c
Clarification: After the use of chemicals, we must dispose them properly. The empty chemical containers should not be reused because they are toxic and if they are not disposed properly, they create the environmental pollution.

4. Green chemistry applies across the __________ of a chemical product like design, manufacture and use.
a) Life cycle
b) Properties
c) Uses
d) Efficiency
Answer: a
Clarification: Green chemistry applies across the life cycle of a chemical product like design, manufacture and use. It says that manufacturing should be done without any pollution.

5. We must use feedstock derived from annually renewable resources or from _______
a) Chemicals
b) Organic compounds
c) Abundant waste
d) Plants
Answer: c
Clarification: We must use feedstock derived from annually renewable resources or from abundant wastes. The wastes are utilised back.

6. Green chemistry improves __________ of chemical manufacturers.
a) Competitiveness
b) Easiness of production
c) Services
d) Chemicals
Answer: a
Clarification: Green chemistry improves competitiveness of chemical manufacturers. The products are of low cost and good quality. So, it improves the competition.

7. It reduces the use of _________
a) liquid fuels
b) Energy
c) Gaseous fuels
d) Solid fuels
Answer: b
Clarification: It reduces the use of the energy. The less consumption of energy also reduces the cost of production. So, the product will be available at low costs.

8. It reduces the ______ and protects the environment.
a) Pollution
b) Temperature
c) Air
d) Water
Answer: a
Clarification: It reduces pollution and protects the environment. By green synthesis, the products that are non-hazards to the nature are produced. So, no pollution takes place.

9. According to the green chemistry, the chemical involved in the production must be ________
a) Non toxic
b) Toxic
c) Highly toxic
d) Produces the toxic by products
Answer: a
Clarification: According to the green chemistry, the chemical involved in the production must be nontoxic.

10. The green synthesis methods should have _________
a) Low efficiency
b) High harmful products
c) Low energy requirements
d) Low atom efficiency
Answer: c
Clarification: The green synthesis methods should have high efficiency, less harmful products, low energy requirements and high atom efficiency.