Category: Artificial Intelligence Objective Questions

Artificial Intelligence Multiple Choice Questions on “Linguistics”.

1. Which of the following is true related to ‘Satisfiable’ property?
a) A statement is satisfiable if there is some interpretation for which it is false
b) A statement is satisfiable if there is some interpretation for which it is true
c) A statement is satisfiable if there is no interpretation for which it is true
d) A statement is satisfiable if there is no interpretation for which it is false
Answer: b
Clarification: ‘Satisfiable’ property is a statement is satisfiable if there is some interpretation for which it is true.

2. Two literals are complementary if _____________
a) They are equal
b) They are identical and of equal sign
c) They are identical but of opposite sign
d) They are unequal but of equal sign
Answer: c
Clarification: Two literals are complementary if They are identical but of opposite sign.

3. Consider a good system for the representation of knowledge in a particular domain. What property should it possess?
a) Representational Adequacy
b) Inferential Adequacy
c) Inferential Efficiency
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d
Clarification: Consider a good system for the representation of knowledge in a particular domain. The properties should be Representational Adequacy, Inferential Adequacy, Inferential Efficiency and Acquisitional Efficiency.

4. What is Transposition rule?
a) From P → Q, infer ~Q → P
b) From P → Q, infer Q → ~P
c) From P → Q, infer Q → P
d) From P → Q, infer ~Q → ~P
Answer: d
Clarification: Transposition rule- From P → Q, infer ~Q → ~P.

5. Third component of a planning system is to ___________
a) Detect when a solution has been found
b) Detect when solution will be found
c) Detect whether solution exists or not
d) Detect whether multiple solutions exist
Answer: a
Clarification: Third component of a planning system is to detect when a solution has been found.

6. Which of the following is true in Statistical reasoning?
a) The representation is extended to allow some kind of numeric measure of certainty to be associated with each statement
b) The representation is extended to allow ‘TRUE or FALSE’ to be associated with each statement
c) The representation is extended to allow some kind of numeric measure of certainty to be associated common to all statements
d) The representation is extended to allow ‘TRUE or FALSE’ to be associated common to all statements
Answer: a
Clarification: Statistical reasoning is the representation is extended to allow some kind of numeric measure of certainty to be associated with each statement.

7. In default logic, which of the following inference rules of the form is allowed?
a) (A : B) / C
b) A / (B : C)
c) A / B
d) A / B : C
Answer: a
Clarification: In default logic, we allow inference rules of the form:(A : B) / C.

8. In Bayes theorem, what is meant by P(Hi|E)?
a) The probability that hypotheses Hi is true given evidence E
b) The probability that hypotheses Hi is false given evidence E
c) The probability that hypotheses Hi is true given false evidence E
d) The probability that hypotheses Hi is false given false evidence E
Answer: a
Clarification: In Bayes theorem, P(Hi|E) is the probability that hypotheses Hi is true given evidence E.

9. What is another type of Default reasoning?
a) Monotonic reasoning
b) Analogical reasoning
c) Bitonic reasoning
d) Non-monotonic reasoning
Answer: d
Clarification: Default reasoning is another type of non-monotonic reasoning.

10. Generality is the measure of _____________
a) Ease with which the method can be adapted to different domains of application
b) The average time required to construct the target knowledge structures from some specified initial structures
c) A learning system to function with unreliable feedback and with a variety of training examples
d) The overall power of the system
Answer: a
Clarification: Generality is the measure of the ease with which the method can be adapted to different domains of application.

Artificial Intelligence Multiple Choice Questions on “Semantic Net – 1”.

1. What among the following constitutes the representation of the knowledge in different forms?
a) Relational method where each fact is set out systematically in columns
b) Inheritable knowledge where relational knowledge is made up of objects
c) Inferential knowledge
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d
Clarification: None.

2. What are Semantic Networks?
a) A way of representing knowledge
b) Data Structure
c) Data Type
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Clarification: None.

3. Graph used to represent semantic network is _____________
a) Undirected graph
b) Directed graph
c) Directed Acyclic graph (DAG)
d) Directed complete graph
Answer: b
Clarification: Semantic Network is a directed graph consisting of vertices, which represent concepts and edges, which represent semantic relations between the concepts.

4. Which of the following are the Semantic Relations used in Semantic Networks?
a) Meronymy
b) Holonymy
c) Hyponymy
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d
Clarification: None.

5. What is Meronymy relation?
a) A is part of B
b) B has A as a part of itself
c) A is a kind of B
d) A is superordinate of B
Answer: a
Clarification: A meronym denotes a constituent part of or a member of something. That is,
“X” is a meronym of “Y” if Xs are parts of Y(s), or
“X” is a meronym of “Y” if Xs are members of Y(s).

6. What is Hypernym relation?
a) A is part of B
b) B has A as a part of itself
c) A is a kind of B
d) A is superordinate of B
Answer: d
Clarification: In linguistics, a hyponym is a word or phrase whose semantic field is included within that of another word, its hypernym (sometimes spelled hypernym outside of the natural language processing community). In simpler terms, a hyponym shares a type-of relationship with its hypernym.

7. What is Holonymy relation?
a) A is part of B
b) B has A as a part of itself
c) A is a kind of B
d) A is superordinate of B
Answer: b
Clarification: Holonymy (in Greek holon = whole and onoma = name) is a semantic relation. Holonymy defines the relationship between a term denoting the whole and a term denoting a part of, or a member of, the whole. That is,
‘X’ is a holonym of ‘Y’ if Ys are parts of Xs, or
‘X’ is a holonym of ‘Y’ if Ys are members of Xs.

8. The basic inference mechanism in semantic network is to follow the links between the nodes.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: None.

9. There exists two way to infer using semantic networks.
1) Intersection Search
2) Inheritance Search
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: None.

contest

Artificial Intelligence Multiple Choice Questions on “Informed Search Strategy”.

1. What is the other name of informed search strategy?
a) Simple search
b) Heuristic search
c) Online search
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Clarification: A key point of informed search strategy is heuristic function, So it is called as heuristic function.

2. How many types of informed search method are in artificial intelligence?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: d
Clarification: The four types of informed search method are best-first search, Greedy best-first search, A* search and memory bounded heuristic search.

3. Which search uses the problem specific knowledge beyond the definition of the problem?
a) Informed search
b) Depth-first search
c) Breadth-first search
d) Uninformed search
Answer: a
Clarification: Informed search can solve the problem beyond the function definition, So does it can find the solution more efficiently.

4. Which function will select the lowest expansion node at first for evaluation?
a) Greedy best-first search
b) Best-first search
c) Depth-first search
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Clarification: The lowest expansion node is selected because the evaluation measures distance to the goal.

5. What is the heuristic function of greedy best-first search?
a) f(n) != h(n)
b) f(n) < h(n)
c) f(n) = h(n)
d) f(n) > h(n)
Answer: c
Clarification: None.

6. Which search uses only the linear space for searching?
a) Best-first search
b) Recursive best-first search
c) Depth-first search
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Clarification: Recursive best-first search will mimic the operation of standard best-first search, but using only the linear space.

7. Which method is used to search better by learning?
a) Best-first search
b) Depth-first search
c) Metalevel state space
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Clarification: This search strategy will help to problem solving efficiency by using learning.

8. Which search is complete and optimal when h(n) is consistent?
a) Best-first search
b) Depth-first search
c) Both Best-first & Depth-first search
d) A* search
Answer: d
Clarification: None.

9. Which is used to improve the performance of heuristic search?
a) Quality of nodes
b) Quality of heuristic function
c) Simple form of nodes
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Clarification: Good heuristic can be constructed by relaxing the problem, So the performance of heuristic search can be improved.

10. Which search method will expand the node that is closest to the goal?
a) Best-first search
b) Greedy best-first search
c) A* search
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Clarification: Because of using greedy best-first search, It will quickly lead to the solution of the problem.

AI Interview Questions and Answers for freshers on “History of AI – 3”.

1. The conference that launched the AI revolution in 1956 was held at?
a) Dartmouth
b) Harvard
c) New York
d) Stanford
Answer: a
Clarification: None.

2. Texas Instruments Incorporated produces a low-cost LISP machine called __________
a) The Computer-Based Consultant
b) The Explorer
c) Smalltalk
d) The Personal Consultant
Answer: b
Clarification: None.

3. When a top-level function is entered, the LISP processor do(es)?
a) It reads the function entered
b) It evaluates the function and the function’s operands
c) It prints the results returned by the function
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d
Clarification: None.

4. One method of programming a computer to exhibit human intelligence is called modeling or __________
a) simulation
b) cognitization
c) duplication
d) psychic amelioration
Answer: a
Clarification: None.

5. Graphic interfaces were first used in a Xerox product called __________
a) InterLISP
b) Ethernet
c) Smalltalk
d) ZetaLISP
Answer: c
Clarification: None.

6. The Al researcher who co-authored both the Handbook of Artificial Intelligence and The Fifth Generation is __________
a) Bruce Lee
b) Randy Davis
c) Ed Feigenbaum
d) Mark Fox
Answer: c
Clarification: None.

7. Which of the following is being investigated as a means of automating the creation of a knowledge base?
a) automatic knowledge acquisition
b) simpler tools
c) discovery of new concepts
d) all of the mentioned
Answer: d
Clarification: None.

8. The CAI (Computer-Assisted Instruction) technique based on programmed instruction is __________
a) frame-based CAI
b) generative CAI
c) problem-solving CAI
d) intelligent CAI
Answer: a
Clarification: None.

9. A robot’s “arm” is also known as its __________
a) end effector
b) actuator
c) manipulator
d) servomechanism
Answer: c
Clarification: None.

10. KEE is a product of __________
a) Teknowledge
b) IntelliCorpn
c) Texas Instruments
d) Tech knowledge
Answer: b
Clarification: None.

11. In LISP, the function X (x). (2x+l) would be rendered as __________
a) (lambda (x) (+(*2 x)l))
b) (lambda (x) (+1 (* 2x)
c) (+ lambda (x) 1 (*2x))
d) (* lambda(x) (+2×1)
Answer: a
Clarification: None.

12. A natural language generation program must decide __________
a) what to say
b) when to say something
c) why it is being used
d) both what to say & when to say something
Answer: a
Clarification: None.

13. The hardware features of LISP machines generally include __________
a) large memory and a high-speed processor
b) letter-quality printers and 8-inch disk drives
c) a mouse and a specialized keyboard
d) large memory and a high-speed processor & a mouse and a specialized keyboard
Answer: d
Clarification: None.

14. In which of the following areas may ICAI programs prove to be useful?
a) educational institutions
b) corporations
c) department of Defense
d) all of the mentioned
Answer: a
Clarification: None.

15. A network with named nodes and labeled arcs that can be used to represent certain natural language grammars to facilitate parsing.
a) Tree Network
b) Star Network
c) Transition Network
d) Complete Network
Answer: c
Clarification: None.

Artificial Intelligence Multiple Choice Questions on “Learning – 1”.

1. What will take place as the agent observes its interactions with the world?
a) Learning
b) Hearing
c) Perceiving
d) Speech

Answer: a
Clarification: Learning will take place as the agent observes its interactions with the world and its own decision making process.

2. Which modifies the performance element so that it makes better decision?
a) Performance element
b) Changing element
c) Learning element
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: A learning element modifies the performance element so that it can make better decision.

3. How many things are concerned in the design of a learning element?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

Answer: c
Clarification: The three main issues are affected in design of a learning element are components, feedback and representation.

4. What is used in determining the nature of the learning problem?
a) Environment
b) Feedback
c) Problem
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: The type of feedback is used in determining the nature of the learning problem that the agent faces.

5. How many types are available in machine learning?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

Answer: c
Clarification: The three types of machine learning are supervised, unsupervised and reinforcement.

6. Which is used for utility functions in game playing algorithm?
a) Linear polynomial
b) Weighted polynomial
c) Polynomial
d) Linear weighted polynomial

Answer: d
Clarification: Linear weighted polynomial is used for learning element in the game playing programs.

7. Which is used to choose among multiple consistent hypotheses?
a) Razor
b) Ockham razor
c) Learning element
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: Ockham razor prefers the simplest hypothesis consistent with the data intuitively.

8. What will happen if the hypothesis space contains the true function?
a) Realizable
b) Unrealizable
c) Both Realizable & Unrealizable
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: A learning problem is realizable if the hypothesis space contains the true function.

9. What takes input as an object described by a set of attributes?
a) Tree
b) Graph
c) Decision graph
d) Decision tree

Answer: d
Clarification: Decision tree takes input as an object described by a set of attributes and returns a decision.

10. How the decision tree reaches its decision?
a) Single test
b) Two test
c) Sequence of test
d) No test

Answer: c
Clarification: A decision tree reaches its decision by performing a sequence of tests.