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Because of their clayey nature, black soil is much required for growing cotton. Cotton cultivation requires high moisture retention. Black soils are very fine grained and dark, contain a high proportion of calcium and magnesium carbonates and highly argillaceous. When wet, they are very tenacious of moisture and exceedingly sticky. They have a high abundance of iron and fairly high quantities of lime, magnesia and alumina. Black soils are poor in nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter. The soils are generally rich in the montmorillonitic and beidellitic group of clay minerals. It is most suitable for the growth of cotton. It is also known or cotton soil as a reason. It is found in the lava plateaus and the Deccan trap that includes plateaus of Maharashtra, Saurashtra, Malwa, Madhya Pradesh and Chattishgarh and extend in the South-East direction along the Godavari and Krishna valleys. This is because it is deep and clayey and it swells when it is wet and contracts when dry. Therefore it develops wide cracks during the summer. 

Black soils are typical pedogenic features over volcanic rocks. In India black soils are found in an irregularly triangular shaped region covering Deccan. 70 million years ago there were huge volcanic eruptions taking place in the North-Western part of Indian plateau and lava spread North-West to South-East direction covering a huge area. Over these region, the rocks are gradually degraded and black soil formed. The soil is famous for its cotton growing capacity. Conducive conditions for such cultivation is its moisture retaining capacity and extensive fertile layers along its profile. The soil is clayey in nature and rich in soil nutrients like calcium, carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime. It is mainly known as black cotton soil because this soil is most suitable for the cotton crop. Along with cotton, the soil is suitable for the cultivation of crops like groundnut, wheat, tobacco, chillies, and jowar.

Questionnaire on consumer awareness

General Questions:-

1). Full Name – 

2). Full Address – 

3). Mobile / Telephone no.-

4).Total members in the family-

5). Total Family Income-

6). Age Group of the consumer (pick tick) – [15-18] [18-25] [25-35] [35+]

Product name / Brand Name (Awareness Related Questions) 

1. Do you examine the expiry date the food items and medicines when you buy them?

Ans. a) Yes b) No

2. Have you ever cross checked the weights of the products mentioned on the item?

Ans. a) Yes b) No

3. Do you check the prices, of goods you buy, from alternative sources? 

Ans. a) Yes b) No

4. Do you check the M.R.P. (Maximum Retail Prices) before buying the products?

Ans. a) Yes b) No

5. You prefer offline buying over online buying most because

Ans. a) Product Experience b) Personalised attention and recommendation c) Easy returns 

6. Have you ever come across adulteration in any of the food stuff? 

Ans. a) Yes b) No

7. If yes, to whom did you complain:-

Ans. a) Shopkeeper b) Main supplier c) Internet consumer forum

        d) Elsewhere (please specify)

8. Was your complaint to the supplier/shopkeeper attended by him to your satisfaction?

Ans. a) Yes b) No

9. Are you aware of consumer courts that works for consumers grievances?

Ans. a) Yes b) No

10. If yes, have you ever filed a case in the consumer court? 

Ans. a) Yes b) No

Conventional sources of energy can be described as non-renewable sources of energy which have been used since a long time.Conventional sources of energy are used extensively by mankind and the magnitude of usage is so high that the reserves have got depleted to a great extent. Example: Coal, petroleum, natural gas

Non conventional sources of energy are mostly renewable or available in abundance on earth. They are ecologically safe to use as well. Example: wind/ solar/ hydro/ geothermal energy

Resistance is the hindrance offered by an object to the flow of current through it. Lower is the flow of current, higher is the resistance of a given material. 

SI unit of resistance is Ohm (Ω). It is resistance offered by an object when 1 volt potential difference is applied across it and 1 Ampere of current passes through it.

The negative potential of the collector plate at which the photoelectric current becomes zero is called stopping potential or cut-off potential. Stopping potential is that value of retarding potential difference between two plates which is just sufficient to halt the most energetic photoelectrons emitted.

It is denoted by “Vo”.

Unsaturated carbon compounds do not burn completely and give a flame with unburnt or partially burnt carbon particles. Such a flame has yellow color and is polluting. Its is called sooty flame.

While saturated carbon compounds usually burn completely and give a clear blue flame. This is called non sooty flame.