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Wildlife includes flora and fauna, that is, plants, animals and micro-organisms that are not domesticated by humans. On the other hand, conservation is the preservation and protection of wild plants, animals and their habitats. Therefore, we can say that wildlife conservation is necessary to recognize the importance of nature and other wildlife.      

                  

Wildlife conservation is important to protect endangered plants and animal species as well as their natural habitat. The main concern is to preserve habitats so that future generations of wildlife and even humans can enjoy them. 

The killing of wild animals and large-scale birds by humans is a serious threat to the survival of wildlife. This disrupts the food chain and also the ecosystem. We can better understand using an example; Snake as a wild animal is in great demand for making fancy leather products, snake skin is selling at a high price in the market. To make money easily, some people indiscriminately kill snakes in large numbers. This slaughter of snakes disrupts the food chain and creates an imbalance in nature. Do you know that the snake is a friend of the farmer because he eats rats like vermin, mice that are harmful and damage crops? So, it is very important to conserve wildlife to maintain the ecological balance in nature and also for preservation. The measures to be taken for the conservation of the fauna are:        

1. Some of the laws should be made to prohibit the killing or capture of endangered animals or birds. This should be considered a punishable offense. These laws should be strictly enforced and should not remain on paper only.   

2. The indiscriminate killing of wild birds and animals, be they in abundance, should not be allowed by the forest authorities.  

3. The largest number of national parks and sanctuaries should be established to preserve the natural habitats of wild animals and birds throughout the country.  

4. The government ministry should conduct a periodic survey in all the forests concerning the conservation of fauna. They should have knowledge of the population of all species of wild animals and birds, so that they can be helped during the time of floods and famines.   

5 Special attention should be given even by us to the conservation of endangered species of wild animals and birds to prevent their extinction altogether.

6. Unauthorized cutting of forest trees for firewood and firewood should be stopped immediately. Because the depletion of forests destroys the natural habitat of wild animals and birds. 

7. In the case of government authorization for the felling of trees for each acre of forest, then the equal area of land should be planted with shrubs of trees to make up for the long-term loss.  

8. We all have a duty to plant trees close to our environment and to motivate others to do the same.  

9. Breeding programs for endangered species should be organized.

A unisexual flower is defined as a flower that possesses either stamens or carpels. They do not have both stamens and carpels. For example, papaya, coconut flowers etc. Bisexual flowers are those flowers which possess both stamens and carpels. Within the same inflorescence, male and female reproductive parts are present. For example, lily, rose etc. 

Animal husbandry refers to the care of livestock animals. Livestock animals include cows, horses, chickens, goats, pigs, or any animal that is raised for meat, wool, or another functional use.The major focus of a person in the field of animal husbandry, is to keep animals safe and healthy while planning and supervising breeding, care for newborn animals, devise a nutritious diet, and prepare animals for slaughter or sale. 

Some of the work in animal husbandry are as follows:

1.Keeping the animal’s living area sanitary

2. Preparing meals and feeding animals

3.Monitoring animals’ health and administering medicine

4.Overseeing animal training, breeding, and butchering

5.Shearing wool

Commonly, pressure group is a group of people who actively organised for promoting or defending their common interest. The term ‘pressure group’ means the group which attempts to bring a change in the public policy by exerting pressure on the government. Although there is no explicit provision in the Constitution regarding PG (Pressure Group), yet they exist because of Article 19, which gives citizens the right to form associations and unions. Pressure Groups are also known as Interest Groups or Vested Groups. 

Although there are various pressure groups in India, here are the few:

• All India Kishan Sabha (AIKS)

• Narmada Bachao Andolan(NBA)

• Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS)

• Confederation of Indian Industry(CII)

• Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad (ABVP)

These days’ pressure groups make use of social media for generating their views in public and to win their support. They publish various data and statistics in favour of their claims. However, sometimes they may even resort to illegitimate and illegal methods like strikes, violence or even bribes. In India, these groups are more dependent on means of direct action like hunger strike, demonstrations, chakka jaams etc.

Per capita income is the measurement of money earned per person in a certain zone. In layman terms, we can say that “Per Capita income is the Income supposedly earned by a single person in a country.” It is calculated by dividing country’s national income by its population. It should not be misunderstood by average income (because it includes non-employed and kids population), rather it serves as a pointer to a country’s living standards. It can be applied to the average per-person income of a village, city, state or country. It can be used as a means of gauging the living circumstances and quality of life of citizens.

 Income per capita tallies each men, women, child, new born babies, as a member of the populace. It stands in disparity to other common measurements of an area’s richness, like household income, which mainly counts all the member residing under one roof as a household, and family income, which counts as a family those related by birth, marriage or adoption. This is mainly used to understand the prosperity of the population with those of others. This also helps to determine a country’s development status. It is one of the three measures for calculating the Human Development Index of a country.