Category: Civil Engineering Drawing Objective Questions

Civil Engineering Drawing Multiple Choice Questions on “Analysis of Rate of Road Work”.

1. In countries where traffic flows on the right, traffic signs are mostly on the left side of the road.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: In countries where traffic flows on the right, traffic signs are mostly on the right side of the road, roundabouts and traffic circles go counter-clockwise/anti-clockwise, and pedestrians crossing a two-way road should watch out for traffic from the left first. In countries where traffic flows on the left, the reverse is true.
About 33% of the world by population drive on the left and 67% keep right. By road distances, about 28% drive on the left, and 72% on the right, even though originally most traffic drove on the left worldwide.

2. The United States has the largest network of roads of any country with 4,050,717 miles (6,518,997 km) as of 2009.
a) False
b) True
Answer: b
Clarification: The Republic of India has the second largest road system in the world with 4,689,842 kilometres (2,914,133 mi) of road (2013). The People’s Republic of China is third with 3,583,715 kilometres (2,226,817 mi) of road (2007). The Federative Republic of Brazil has the fourth largest road system in the world with 1,751,868 kilometres (1,088,560 mi) (2002).

3. Many populated domestic islands are connected to the mainland by bridges.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: A very long example is the 113-mile (181.9 km) Overseas Highway connecting many of the Florida Keys with the continental United States.
Even on mainlands, some settlements have no roads connecting with the primary continental network, due to natural obstacles like mountains or wetlands, remoteness, or general expense.

4. With flexible pavement, the highest stress occurs at the surface and the stress increases as the depth of the pavement decreases.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: With flexible pavement, the highest stress occurs at the surface and the stress decreases as the depth of the pavement increases. Therefore, the highest quality material needs to be used for the surface, while lower quality materials can be used as the depth of the pavement increases. The term “flexible” is used because of the asphalts ability to bend and deform slightly, then return to its original position as each traffic load is applied and removed. It is possible for these small deformations to become permanent, which can lead to rutting in the wheel path over an extended time.

5. The service life of a flexible pavement is typically designed in the range of 20 to 30 years.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Required thicknesses of each layer of a flexible pavement vary widely depending on the materials used, magnitude, number of repetitions of traffic loads, environmental conditions, and the desired service life of the pavement. Factors such as these are taken into consideration during the design process so that the pavement will last for the designed life without excessive distresses.

6. Flexible pavements are generally used in constructing airports and major highways, such as those in the interstate highway system.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: Rigid pavements are generally used in constructing airports and major highways, such as those in the interstate highway system.

7. Portland cement concrete (PCC) is the most common material used in the construction of rigid pavement slabs.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: The reason for its popularity is due to its availability and the economy. Rigid pavements must be designed to endure frequently repeated traffic loadings. The typical designed service life of a rigid pavement is between 30 and 40 years, lasting about twice as long as a flexible pavement.

8. ________________ is an engineering discipline branching from civil engineering that involves the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of roads, bridges, and tunnels.
a) Structural engineering
b) Highway engineering
c) CS engineering
d) Electrical engineering
Answer: b
Clarification: Highway engineering became prominent towards the latter half of the 20th Century after World War II. Standards of highway engineering are continuously being improved. Highway engineers must take into account future traffic flows, design of highway intersections/interchanges, geometric alignment and design, highway pavement materials and design, structural design of pavement thickness, and pavement maintenance.

9. The two major types of pavement surfaces are _________ and __________
a) ordinary portland cement (OPC) and hot-mix asphalt
b) rapid hardening cement and hot-mix asphalt
c) portland cement concrete (PCC) and bitumen
d) portland cement concrete (PCC) and hot-mix asphalt
Answer: d
Clarification: Underneath this wearing course are material layers that give structural support for the pavement system. These underlying surfaces may include either the aggregate base and sub base layers, or treated base and sub base layers, and additionally the underlying natural or treated subgrade. These treated layers may be cement-treated, asphalt-treated, or lime-treated for additional support.

10. For a four layer flexible pavement, there is a surface course, base course, and ______________ constructed over a compacted, natural soil subgrade.
a) sub-grade course
b) sub-base course
c) base course
d) sub-ballast
Answer: b
Clarification: When building a three layer flexible pavement, the subbase layer is not used and the base course is placed directly on the natural subgrade.
A flexible pavement’s surface layer is constructed of hot-mix asphalt (HMA).Un stabilized aggregates are typically used for the base course; however, the base course could also be stabilized with asphalt, Foamed Bitumen, Portland cement, or another stabilizing agent. The sub base is generally constructed from local aggregate material, while the top of the subgrade is often stabilized with cement or lime.

11. Rigid pavements are generally constructed in three layers – a prepared subgrade, base or sub base, and a _______________
a) RCC
b) Concrete slab
c) Steel
d) Cement slab
Answer: b
Clarification: The concrete slab is constructed according to a designed choice of plan dimensions for the slab panels, directly influencing the intensity of thermal stresses occurring within the pavement. In addition to the slab panels, temperature reinforcements must be designed to control cracking behaviour in the slab. Joint spacing is determined by the slab panel dimensions.

12. Three main types of concrete pavements commonly used are Jointed plain concrete pavement (JPCP), ___________________ and continuously reinforced concrete pavements (CRCP).
a) Jointed reinforced concrete pavement (JRCP)
b) Jointed reinforced pavement (JRP)
c) Jointed concrete pavement (JCP)
d) Reinforced concrete pavement (RCP)
Answer: a
Clarification: JPCP’s are constructed with contraction joints which direct the natural cracking of the pavement. These pavements do not use any reinforcing steel. JRCP’s are constructed with both contraction joints and reinforcing steel to control the cracking of the pavement. High temperatures and moisture stresses within the pavement creates cracking, which the reinforcing steel holds tightly together.

13. The ______________ is the region of the pavement section that is located directly under the surface course.
a) sub-base course
b) grit
c) base course
d) ballast
Answer: c
Clarification: If there is a sub-base course, the base course is constructed directly about this layer. Otherwise, it is built directly on top of the subgrade. Typical base course thickness ranges from 4 to 6 inches and is governed by underlying layer properties.
Heavy loads are continuously applied to pavement surfaces, and the base layer absorbs the majority of these stresses. Generally, the base course is constructed with an untreated crushed aggregate such as crushed stone, slag, or gravel. The base course material will have stability under the construction traffic and good drainage characteristics.

Civil Engineering Drawing Question Bank on “Reports on Estimate for the Construction of Building and Culvert”.

1. A ___________ can be used to span over a canyon, or depression, or even over a freeway or roadway.
a) culvert
b) tunnels
c) drainage
d) bridges
Answer: b
Clarification: A bridge doesn’t necessarily have to bridge over water. A bridge can be used to span over a canyon, or depression, or even over a freeway or roadway.

2. If the span of crossing is greater than 12 feet (3.7 m), the structure is termed as bridge and otherwise is ______________
a) drainage
b) bridges
c) culvert
d) tunnels
Answer: c
Clarification: A bridge is a structure built to span physical obstacles without closing the way underneath such as a body of water, valley, or road, for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle. There are many different designs that each serve a particular purpose and apply to different situations.

3. A ___________________ is a construction industry professional with expert knowledge on construction costs and contracts. They are not to be confused with Land Surveyors or Land Survey Engineers.
a) Project manager
b) Building services engineer
c) Quantity Surveyor
d) Civil estimators
Answer: c
Clarification: Services provided by a quantity surveyor may include:
• Cost consulting, cost estimating
• Cost planning and commercial management throughout the entire life cycle of the project from inception to post-completion
• Value determination
• Risk management and calculation
• Procurement advice and assistance during the tendering procedures
• Tender analysis and agreement of the contract sum
• Commercial management and contract administration
• Assistance in dispute resolution
• Asset capitalisation
• Interim valuations and payment assessment
• Cost management process
• Assessing the additional costs of design variations.

4. Skilled occupations include carpenters, electricians, plumbers, ironworkers, masons, and many other manual crafts, as well as those involved in project management.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: There are many routes to the different careers within the construction industry. These three main tiers are based on educational background and training, which vary by country:
• Unskilled and semi-skilled – General site labor with little or no construction qualifications.
• Skilled – Tradesmen who’ve served apprenticeships, typically in labor unions, and on-site managers who possess extensive knowledge and experience in their craft or profession.
• Technical and management – Personnel with the greatest educational qualifications, usually graduate degrees, trained to design, manage and instruct the construction process.

5. Construction is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Construction differs from manufacturing in that manufacturing typically involves mass production of similar items without a designated purchaser, while construction typically takes place on location for a known client. Construction as an industry comprises six to nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries. Construction starts with planning, design, and financing; and continues until the project is built and ready for use.

To practice Civil Engineering Drawing Question Bank,

Civil Engineering Drawing Multiple Choice Questions on “Estimation in R.C.C. Structures”.

1. What does R.C.C. stand for?
a) Reinforced Cement Concrete
b) Reinforced Concrete Cement
c) Reinforced Combined Cement
d) Reinforced Constituent Cement
Answer: a
Clarification: When we say concrete in the building trade, we actually mean reinforced concrete. Its full name is reinforced cement concrete, or RCC. RCC is concrete that contains steel bars, called reinforcement bars, or rebars.

2. The maximum area of tension reinforcement in beams shall not exceed _________
a) 2%
b) 4%
c) 0.15%
d) 1.5%
Answer: b
Clarification: According to the clause 26.5.1.1 maximum reinforcement-the maximum area of tension reinforcement shall not exceeds 0.04 bD. So, 0.04 bD/bD*100 = 4%.

3. The diameter of longitudinal bars of a column should never be less than _________
a) 6 mm
b) 8 mm
c) 10 mm
d) 12 mm
Answer: d
Clarification: Due to buckling we don’t use diameter of longitudinal bars of a column less than 12 mm diameter.

4. Thickened part of a flat slab over its supporting column, is technically known as _____________
a) drop panel
b) capital
c) column head
d) cannot be determined
Answer: a
Clarification: Drop panel is used for resisting high shear at the column, drop panels have thickness more than the slab thickness and they are mostly used when the span is large or shear load is high.
While column capital is the upper head of the column which is thickened to reduce the punching shear on the column, column capital also reduces the clear span.

5. The minimum cube strength of concrete used for a prestressed member, is ________
a) 50 kg/cm²
b) 150 kg/cm²
c) 350 kg/cm²
d) 100 kg/cm²
Answer: c
Clarification: M35 is minimum required concrete for prestressed concrete.
Here 35 is in N/mm². So convert it into kg/cm².
N/mm² = 10 kg/cm².
So 35 N/mm² = 350 Kg/cm².

6. The number of treads in a flight is equal to __________
a) risers in the flight
b) risers plus one
c) risers minus one
d) risers plus three
Answer: c
Clarification: The part of the stairway that is stepped on. It is constructed to the same specifications (thickness) as any other flooring. The tread “depth” is measured from the outer edge of the step to the vertical “riser” between steps. The “width” is measured from one side to the other.

7. For initial estimate for a beam design, the width is assumed _____________
a) 1/15th of span
b) 1/10th of span
c) 1/20th of span
d) 1/30th of span
Answer: d
Clarification: Beams are traditionally descriptions of building or civil engineering structural elements, but any structures such as automotive automobile frames, aircraft components, machine frames, and other mechanical or structural systems contain beam structures that are designed to carry lateral loads are analyzed in a similar.

8. A foundation rests on _____________
a) base of the foundation
b) subgrade
c) foundation soil
d) base of the foundation, subgrade and foundation soil
Answer: d
Clarification: A foundation (or, more commonly, base) is the element of an architectural structure which connects it to the ground, and transfers loads from the structure to the ground. Foundations are generally considered either shallow or deep. Foundation engineering is the application of soil mechanics and rock mechanics (Geotechnical engineering) in the design of foundation elements of structures.

Civil Engineering Drawing Questions and Answers for Entrance exams on “Reports on Estimate for the Construction of Road and Irrigation Channel”.

1. The kind of canal section involved in irrigation work is __________
a) canal high in embankment in partly in excavation
b) canal partly in excavation and partly in embankment
c) canal less in embankment
d) canal half in excavation
Answer: b
Clarification: There are generally three kinds of canal sections involved in irrigation works and they are:-
• Canal fully in excavation
• Canal fully in embankment
• Canal partly in excavation and partly in embankment
Generally, the volume of earthwork for irrigational canals is calculated by the Trapezoidal formula which is also called End-area formula or the Mid-sectional formula. Generally, the side slope in cutting is kept as 1:1(H:V) and in banking 1.5:1(H:V) or 2:1(H:V) according to soil condition.

2. An impermeable layer is provided at the bed and sides of canal to improve the life and discharge capacity of canal known as ______________
a) canal modification
b) canal concreting
c) canal lining
d) canal regulation
Answer: c
Clarification: An important reason for lining a canal can be the reduction in water losses, as water losses in unlined irrigation canals can be high. Canals that carry from 30 to 150 liters/sec can lose 10 to 15% of this flow by seepage and water consumption by weeds. Lining a canal will not completely eliminate these losses, but roughly 60 to 80% of the water that is lost in unlined irrigation canals can be saved by a hard-surface lining. 42 Canal lining Minimizing water losses is very important, and especially so in schemes where irrigation water is pumped. Reduced water losses means less water to pump and thus a reduction in pumping costs.

3. The canal system does not consist ______________
a) main canal
b) branch canal
c) sub-main canal
d) major distributary
Answer: c
Clarification: Main Canal-Main Canal takes off directly from the upstream side of weir head works or dam. Usually no direct cultivation is proposed. Most of the main canals are aligned as contour canals to derive benefit.
Branch Canal-All off takes from main canal with head discharge of 14-15 cumecs and above are termed as branch canals.
Major Distributary-All off takes from main canal or branch canal with head discharge from 0.028 to 15 cumecs are termed as major distributaries.

4. A power canal refers to a canal used for hydraulic power generation, rather than for transport.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Nowadays power canals are built almost exclusively as parts of hydroelectric power stations. Parts of the United States, particularly in the Northeast, had enough fast-flowing rivers that water power was the primary means of powering factories (usually textile mills) until after the American Civil War. For example, Lowell, Massachusetts, considered to be “The Cradle of the American Industrial Revolution,” has 6 miles (9.7 km) of canals, built from around 1790 to 1850, that provided water power and a means of transportation for the city. The output of the system is estimated at 10,000 horsepower.

5. Canals are natural-made channels for water conveyance, or to service water transport vehicles.
a) False
b) True
Answer: a
Clarification: Canals are human-made channels for water conveyance, or to service water transport vehicles. In most cases, the engineered works will have a series of dams and locks that create areas of low speed current flow. These areas are referred to as slack water levels, often just called levels.
An canal is also known as a navigation when it parallels a river and shares part of its waters and drainage basin, and leverages its resources by building dams and locks to increase and lengthen its stretches of slack water levels while staying in its valley.

6. If the total quantity of earth obtained from digging in the bed is equal to the quantity of earth required for the formation of the banks then this is known as economic digging.
a) False
b) True
Answer: a
Clarification: Also this canal is said to be designed with the balancing depth. Quantity of digging = Quantity in banking i.e. Sectional area of digging = Sectional area of two banks or, Bd+sd2 = (b1+b2)*h+2S1 h2. Although it is never possible to adjust the canal section to this requirement but it may be quite possible in certain portions.
If the quantity of earthwork in the excavation is more than the quantity of earthwork in banking then the surplus earth is thrown away to form spoil bank.
If the quantity of earthwork in the excavation is less than that of banking then the extra earth is taken from borrow pots in the temporary land whose area is calculated for temporary land acquisition.

7. As a modern technique use of plastics in canal lining is that plastic is covered at the top of the canal to prevent dust.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: The plastic as a material for canal lining offers certain characteristic advantages like negligible weight, easy for handling, spreading and transport, immune to chemical action and speedy construction. The plastic film is spread on the prepared subgrade of the canal. To anchor the membrane on the banks ‘V trenches are provided. The film is then covered with protective soil cover.

8. In water bound macadam roads, binding material is Brick dust.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: Stone dust is like a darker, coarser version of sand. It is a byproduct of running stones through a crushing machine to make crushed stone. Its exact composition will obviously depend on what kind of stone was run through the machine. For instance, sometimes granite is run through such a machine; in other cases, it could be limestone, for example. The machine has a screen that traps the larger material (that is, the crushed stone). The smaller material or “screenings” falls through the screen. Depending on the size of the holes in the screen used, it can be so fine in texture that it is basically a powder.

Civil Engineering Drawing for Entrance exams,