CLONING Multiple Choice Questions :-
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1.Which of the following is a description of a clone?
A. the nucleus of a normal body cell
B. a group of cells or organisms which are genetically identical and have all been produced from the same original cell
C. a group of cells from the inner layer of an embryo which can grow into a variety of tissues
D. a group of organisms with the same parents
Answer: B
2.Adult cell cloning is also known as:
A. embryo cloning
B. biomedical cloning
C. research cloning
D. reproductive cloning
Answer: D
3.Dolly the sheep was cloned from which type of differentiated adult cell?
A. udder
B. skin
C. blood
D. kidney
Answer: A
4.In embryo cloning one embryo is split to form a number of identical embryos which are then implanted into surrogate mothers. Which of the following statements is NOT true about embryo cloning?
A. it is a form of artificial twinning
B. each animal born is identical to the others
C. it is used to replicate embryos which have been genetically modified to produce human therapeutic proteins
D. the egg and nucleus are treated by a mild electric shock to stimulate development
Answer: D
5.Which of the following terms is another name for somatic cell nuclear transfer?
A. embryo cloning
B. biomedical cloning
C. adult cell cloning
D. reproductive cloning
Answer: B
6.The aim of therapeutic cloning is to produce stem cells which may give rise to new tissues or organs. However there are some ethical objections to the process, mainly because it involves the formation of:
A. insulin producing cells
B. stem cells
C. cloned human embryos
D. cloned spinal cord
Answer: C
7.Which of the following statements is NOT true about mammalian cloning:
A. many cloned embryos and live offspring have developmental problems
B. it has a poor success rate
C. up to three different females are needed
D. it is an easy, reliable procedure
Answer: D
8.A great deal of work into the cloning of mammals has gone on since the birth of Dolly the sheep. Which of the following species of mammals has not, so far, been cloned?
A. cat
B. pig
C. chimpanzee
D. cow
Answer: C
9. Opponents of gene therapy insist that
a. Germ-line therapy is permissible
b. Gene therapy is harmless
c. Reproductive freedom has limits
d. Reproductive freedom is a personal right
Answer: C
10. In agriculture, cloning to propagate plant strains is
a. Prohibited
b. Commonplace
c. Rare
d. Not technically feasible
Answer: B
11. The cloning that has provoked the most public consternation and media attention is
a. Research cloning
b. Animal cloning
c. Therapeutic cloning
d. Reproductive cloning
Answer: D
12. The notion that a human clone would be identical to an existing person, the clone’s “parent,” is
a. False
b. True
c. Plausible
d. Scientifically proven
Answer: a
13. According to Dan Brock, concluding that a human being created by human cloning is of less value or is less worthy of respect than one created by s..ual reproduction would be
a. Reasonable
b. Impossible
c. A mistake
d. Logical
Answer: c
14. The prevention or treatment of diseases through methods such as genetic testing, abortion of defective embryos, and germ-line therapy is known as
a. Positive eugenics
b. Negative eugenics
c. Reverse genetics
d. Pro-eugenics
Answer: b
15. John Harris denies that there is a morally significant difference between genetic repair and
a. Genetic testing
b. Genetic treatment
c. Genetic reversal
d. Genetic enhancement
Answer: d
16. Soren Holm argues against reproductive cloning, asserting that it violates a right to
a. An open future
b. A closed future
c. A future
d. A life in the shadow
Answer: a
17. Einstein’s clone would have Einstein’s genes but would not
a. Be alive
b. Be as smart as Einstein
c. Be Einstein
d. Be a true clone
Answer: c
18. Among animals and humans, clones appear naturally in the form of
a. Siblings
b. Identical twins
c. Older siblings
d. Germ lines
Answer: b
19. Problems in obtaining large amounts of proteins encoded by recombinant genes can often be overcome by the use of these special cloning vectors
A) BACs
B) expression vectors
C) YACs
Answer: b
20. A genomic library is:
A) a database where the sequence of an organisms genome is stored
B) a collection of many clones possessing different DNA fragments from the same organisms bound to vectors
C) a book that describes how to isolate DNA from a particular organism
Answer: b
CLONING Objective type Questions with Answers
21. The first step in cloning a gene is to
A) insert a plasmid into a bacterium
B) isolate the DNA from the organism that contains the desired gene
C) plate cells on agar
D) treat plasmids with restriction enzymes
Answer: b
22. Plasmids are put into bacterial cells by
A) restriction enzymes
B) DNA ligase
C) binding of cohesive sticky ends
D) transformation
Answer: D
23. Restriction enzymes
A) cut donor DNA evenly so smooth edges result
B) cut donor DNA but do not affect plasmids
C) make staggered cuts at specific sequences in DNA in both donor DNA and plasmid
D) are used to incorporate plasmids into bacterial host cells
Answer: C
24. DNA fragments can hybridize with plasmids that have been cut by the same restriction enzyme.
A) True
B) False
Answer: A
25. DNA ligase enzyme joins the cohesive ends of the desired DNA fragment with the cohesive ends of the plasmid.
A) True
B) False
Answer: A
26. What is the name of the first sheep to be cloned from an adult sheep?
A: Polly
B: Dolly
C: Molly
Answer: B
27. When was the first animal cloned?
A: 1960
B: 1970
C: 1975
Answer: B
28. What was the first animal to be cloned?
A: A bee
B: A frog
C: A weasel
Answer: B
29. When was the first test tube baby born?
A: 1953
B: 1978
C: 1983
Answer: B
30. When were the first human cells cloned?
A: 1981
B: 1993
C: 2002
Answer: B
31. The term “clone”, originally used in botany before it entered molecular genetics, means what in Greek?
a. Twin
b. Twig
c. Root
d. Copy
Answer: B
32. Cloning, the process of creating an identical copy of an organism, is only attainable by artificial means.
a. False
b. True
Answer: A
33. Which of the following statements about the process of cloning is not true?
A. Cloning could be theoretically used to bring extinct species back to life
B. Scientists use more than one method for cloning.
C. Cloning can be used therapeutically, to create replacement organs or tissue.
D. Cloning produces a completely identical copy of an organism.
Answer: D
34. How many unsuccessful attempts did it take to finally create Dolly, the first successfully cloned mammal?
A. 276
B. 19
C. 76
D. 154
Answer: A
35. Prometea, an example of successfully cloned mammal, was what type of animal?
A. Rabbit
B. Pig
C. Horse
D. Cat
Answer: C
36. The first successful experiment in which a cloned animal embryo reached an adult state, was carried out in what year?
A. 1952
B. 1926
C. 1907
D. 1973
Answer: A
37. Substance vital for treating what hereditary blood defect that occurs almost exclusively in males, has been produced by cloning?
A. Thalassemia
B. Hemophilia
C. Anemia
D. Hemoglobinopaties
Answer: B
38. What prevents scientists from fulfilling one of science fiction writers’ dreams – to clone a dinosaur?
A. Lack of live dinosaur tissue
B. The difference in environmental conditions now and then
C. The need for a mother from a closely related species
D. The lack of knowledge about their embryonal development
Answer: C
39. Which of these can be defined as a clone’s biological mother and father?
A. None of these
B. The egg cell donor and the surrogate mother
C. The genetic material donor and the egg cell donor
D. The egg cell donor and the surrogate mother
Answer: A
40. What do parents pass down to their kids?
a. NOTHING
b. JEANS
c. GENES
Answer: B