Category: Computer Fundamentals Objective Questions

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “Multiprogramming”.

1. A __________is a set of instructions which is prepared to perform a specific assignment if executed by a computer.
a) Browser
b) Internet
c) Program
d) Code

Answer: c
Clarification: A set of meaningful instructions is called a program. A program is basically designed to perform any function assigned to it.

2. A program is an active entity.
a) True
b) False

Answer: b
Clarification: The statement is false. A program is not an active entity. It is completely passive.

3. What is responsible for creating a process from a program?
a) OS
b) Web
c) Internet
d) Firewall

Answer: a
Clarification: OS is responsible for creating a process from a program. OS stands for operating system. A process is created in order to be executed by using computer facilities.

4. This cycle, of going through __________ states of running and input/output, may be repeated over and over until the job is completed.
a) evaluation
b) process
c) program
d) data

Answer: b
Clarification: The answer is process states. The cycle of going through process states can be repeated over and over again until the job is completed or the process gets aborted.

5. The wait fraction is represented by __________
a) w
b) #
c) Q
d) &

Answer: a
Clarification: Wait fraction of a processor is represented by w. It is also known as the processor wait ratio.

6. Processor wait ratio is given by ________
a) w=b/e+b
b) w=b/e-b
c) #=b/e-b
d) #=b/e+b

Answer: b
Clarification: Processor wait ratio is represented by w. It is given by :
w=b/b+e.

7. What does ‘b’ represent in a processor wait ratio?
a) input ratio
b) output ratio
c) average time
d) average I/O time

Answer: d
Clarification: It represents the average I/O time. Average execution time with single programming is given by e.

8. A technique that allows more than one program to be ready for execution and provides the ability to switch from one process to another.
a) multitasking
b) multiprocessing
c) multitasking
d) multiprogramming

Answer: d
Clarification: Multiprogramming is the concept implemented for execution and provides the ability to switch from one task to the other.

9. Multiprogramming is mainly accomplished by:
a) os
b) software
c) hardware
d) program

Answer: a
Clarification: The OS is mainly responsible for multiprogramming. The hardware provides the specific circuitry that may be used by the operating system.

10. The technique that increases the system’s productivity.
a) multiprogramming
b) multitasking
c) multiprocessing
d) single-programming

Answer: a
Clarification: Multiprogramming increases the productivity. By increasing the CPU utilization other devices’s utilization is also increased.

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “Internetworking”.

1. Configuration where many independent computer systems are connected.
a) Complex
b) Distributed
c) Cloud
d) Incremental

Answer: b
Clarification: Distributed configuration has many systems connected, and messages, programs, etc are transmitted between cooperating computer systems.

2. Partial mesh is a highly flexible topology that can take a variety of very different configurations.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: The statement is true. Partial mesh is a highly flexible topology that can take a variety of very different configurations. The routers are tightly coupled than the basic topologies. But they are not fully interconnected, as would be the case in a fully meshed network.

3. Components used for interconnecting dissimilar networks that use different communication protocols.
a) Switches
b) Gateways
c) Routers
d) Bridges

Answer: b
Clarification: Gateways are used for this purpose. Gateways interconnect dissimilar networks, protocol conversion is performed by them.

4. A topology is a modified version of the basic star topology.
a) network
b) two-tiered
c) bus
d) ring

Answer: b
Clarification: A two-tiered topology is a modified version of the basic star topology. Rather than single concentrator routers, two or more routers are used.

5. WANs that need to interconnect a very large number of sites.
a) bus
b) two-tiered
c) three-tiered
d) ring

Answer: c
Clarification: Wide Area Networks that need to interconnect a very large number of sites, or are built using smaller routers that can support only a few serial connections, may find the two-tiered architecture insufficiently scalable.

6. Components that operate at the network layer of the OSI model.
a) Switches
b) Servers
c) Routers
d) Gateways

Answer: c
Clarification: They are referred to as the routers. They are used for interconnecting those networks that use the same high-level protocols above network layer.

7. A topology that involves Tokens.
a) Star
b) Ring
c) Bus
d) Daisy Chaining

Answer: b
Clarification: Ring topology involves sending and receiving of data with the help of tokens. Ring started out as a simple peer-to-peer LAN topology.

8. ____________ operate at bottom two layers of the OSI model.
a) Bridges
b) Switches
c) Models
d) Modules

Answer: a
Clarification: Bridges operate at the bottom two layers of the OSI model. It connects networks that use the same communication protocols above data-link layer.

9. Connecting two or more networks to form a single network is called :
a) Internetworking
b) Intranetworking
c) Interconnecting
d) Intraconnectivity

Answer: a
Clarification: Connecting two or more networks to form a single network is called internetworking and the resultant network is called internetwork.

10. OSI stands for?
a) Open Site Interconnection
b) Open System Interdependence
c) Open System Interconnection
d) Open Site Interdependence

Answer: c
Clarification: OSI is open system interconnection. It is a framework for defining standards for linking heterogeneous computers in a packet switched network.

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “Artificial Intelligence”.

1. The technology that has the ability to interact with the world.
a) AI
b) ML
c) IOT
d) IT

Answer: a
Clarification: AI which is artificial intelligence is the ability to interact with the world. It is the ability to model the world and to learn and adapt.

2. The goal of AI is to build systems that exhibit intelligent behavior.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: The statement is true. There are 2 main goals in AI: to exhibit intelligent behavior and understand intelligence in order to model it.

3. The first neural network computer.
a) RFD
b) SNARC
c) AM
d) AN

Answer: b
Clarification: SNARC was the first neural network computer. it was built by Minsky and Edmonds in 1956.

4. A hardware based system that has autonomy, social ability and reactivity.
a) AI
b) Autonomous Agent
c) Agency
d) Behavior Engineering

Answer: b
Clarification: The answer is Autonomous Agent. Autonomous agent has autonomy i.e. ability to operate without the direct intervention of humans or others.

5. A particular system that contains intelligent agents.
a) AI systems
b) Agency
c) Autonomous systems
d) Company

Answer: b
Clarification: It is called an agency. A particular system consisting of intelligent agents like computers or robots that cooperate to find the solution to a problem.

6. A methodology used to develop behavior-based autonomous agents.
a) Descriptors
b) Behavior engineering
c) Behavior modeling
d) Auto engineering

Answer: b
Clarification: The answer is behavior engineering. Autonomous agent implements autonomy, social ability and reactivity.

7. An international research effort to promote autonomous robots.
a) Fresh Kitty
b) RoboCup
c) AICup
d) SPOT

Answer: b
Clarification: RoboCup is designed to promote autonomous robots. It is based on multi agent collaboration.

8. A type of non-monotonic reasoning.
a) Ordinary
b) Special
c) Duplicate
d) Default

Answer: d
Clarification: Default reasoning is a type of non-monotonic reasoning. Default logic is a non-monotonic logic proposed by Raymond Reiter to formalize reasoning with default assumptions.

9. The performance of an agent can be improved based on this.
a) Observe
b) Learn
c) Improvise
d) Implement

Answer: b
Clarification: An AI system is designed to learn and improve. The same is implemented on its agents.

10. Face recognition system is based on _____________
a) applied AI
b) parallel AI
c) serial AI
d) strong AI

Answer: a
Clarification: The answer is applied AI. It is based on applied artificial intelligence. It is an approach to develop commercially smart systems.

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “BCD”.

1. A group of bits used to represent a symbol is called a ____________
a) byte
b) memory
c) nibble
d) code

Answer: a
Clarification: In binary coding, every symbol that appears in data is represented by a group of bits, which are called bytes. Computer codes use binary coding schemes.

2. BCD uses 6 bits to represent a symbol.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: In a Binary Coded Decimal format, 64 characters i.e. 26 different characters can be represented. It is one of the early computer codes.

3. Which of the following is not a type of computer code?
a) EBCDIC
b) BCD
c) ASCII
d) EDIC

Answer: d
Clarification: There is no coding scheme like EDIC. EBCDIC stands for Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code. BCD stands for Binary Coded Decimal. ASCII stands for American Standard Code for information interchange.

4. The BCD representation of (34)₁₀ is _______________
a) 6
b) 7
c) 8
d) 5

Answer: b
Clarification: BCD numbers are represented as:
34 = (0011 0100)_BCD.
Each digit is individually taken and an equivalent standard 4 bit term is written for the respective digit.

5. Perform BCD addition of (23)_BCD + (20)_BCD .
a) 00110100
b) 01000011
c) 10011
d) 11100

Answer: b
Clarification: To add any two BCD numbers :
Simply perform the addition : 23+20=43.
Then, write the equivalent BCD number = (0100 0011)_BCD.

6. The weights used in Binary coded decimal code are:
a) 4,2,1
b) 8,4,2,1
c) 6,4,2,1
d) 2,1

Answer: b
Clarification: BCD is a weighted code and it uses the weights 8,4,2,1 respectively. It is often called the 8421 code. Since, it uses 4 bits for the representation therefore the weights are assigned as : 2³ = 8, 2² = 4, 2¹ = 2, 2⁰ = 1.

7. Write the decimal equivalent for (110001)_BCD.
a) 31
b) 13
c) C1
d) 1C

Answer: a
Clarification: To obtain the decimal equivalent :
We start from the rightmost bit and make groups of 4, then write the decimal equivalent accordingly.
0011 0001 = (31)₁₀.

8. The 9’s complement of 45 is _____________
a) 45
b) 54
c) 64
d) 46

Answer: b
Clarification: The 9’s complement of a number is obtained by subtracting each digit from 9. Here, 99-45=54. Therefore, the 9’s complement is 54.

9. The 10’s complement of 455 is _________
a) 543
b) 544
c) 545
d) 546

Answer: c
Clarification: To obtain the 10’s complement, we first obtain the 9’s complement and then add 1 to it.
999-455=544 (9’s)
544+1=545(10’s).

10. The Excess-3 representation of (0100)_BCD is __________
a) 0110
b) 1110
c) 0111
d) 1100

Answer: c
Clarification: The excess-3 code is obtained by adding 3 to the BCD code.
Here, 0100+0011=0111.
Also, 4+3=7.

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “Cache Memory”.

1. What is the high speed memory between the main memory and the CPU called?
a) Register Memory
b) Cache Memory
c) Storage Memory
d) Virtual Memory

Answer: b
Clarification: It is called the Cache Memory. The cache memory is the high speed memory between the main memory and the CPU.

2. Cache Memory is implemented using the DRAM chips.
a) True
b) False

Answer: b
Clarification: The Cache memory is implemented using the SRAM chips and not the DRAM chips. SRAM stands for Static RAM. It is faster and is expensive.

3. Whenever the data is found in the cache memory it is called as _________
a) HIT
b) MISS
c) FOUND
d) ERROR

Answer: a
Clarification: Whenever the data is found in the cache memory, it is called as Cache HIT. CPU first checks in the cache memory since it is closest to the CPU.

4. LRU stands for ___________
a) Low Rate Usage
b) Least Rate Usage
c) Least Recently Used
d) Low Required Usage

Answer: c
Clarification: LRU stands for Least Recently Used. LRU is a type of replacement policy used by the cache memory.

5. When the data at a location in cache is different from the data located in the main memory, the cache is called _____________
a) Unique
b) Inconsistent
c) Variable
d) Fault

Answer: b
Clarification: The cache is said to be inconsistent. Inconsistency must be avoided as it leads to serious data bugs.

6. Which of the following is not a write policy to avoid Cache Coherence?
a) Write through
b) Write within
c) Write back
d) Buffered write

Answer: b
Clarification: There is no policy which is called as the write within policy. The other three options are the write policies which are used to avoid cache coherence.

7. Which of the following is an efficient method of cache updating?
a) Snoopy writes
b) Write through
c) Write within
d) Buffered write

Answer: a
Clarification: Snoopy writes is the efficient method for updating the cache. In this case, the cache controller snoops or monitors the operations of other bus masters.

8. In ____________ mapping, the data can be mapped anywhere in the Cache Memory.
a) Associative
b) Direct
c) Set Associative
d) Indirect

Answer: a
Clarification: This happens in the associative mapping. In this case, a block of data from the main memory can be mapped anywhere in the cache memory.

9. The number of sign bits in a 32-bit IEEE format is ____
a) 1
b) 11
c) 9
d) 23

Answer: a
Clarification: There is only 1 sign bit in all the standards. In a 32-bit format, there is 1 sign bit, 8 bits for the exponent and 23 bits for the mantissa.

10. The transfer between CPU and Cache is ______________
a) Block transfer
b) Word transfer
c) Set transfer
d) Associative transfer

Answer: b
Clarification: The transfer is a word transfer. In the memory subsystem, word is transferred over the memory data bus and it typically has a width of a word or half-word.

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “Open Source Initiative”.

1. A guideline for the OSS licenses other than the GPL.
a) OSI
b) OSD
c) OSE
d) OSL

Answer: b
Clarification: OSS is the open source software. In 1997, OSI or the open source initiative was founded and it developed the OSD (Open Source Definition). OSD is a guideline for OSS licenses other than the GPL.

2. GPL of GNU says that every copy of a program governed by GPL license, even if modified, must be subject to GPL again.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: The statement is true. GPL is the general public license. In the 90s, GPL+Internet, many new open source projects started.

3. Richard Stallman from MIT, established a special license, the ________ license.
a) GNU
b) Free
c) Package
d) Commercial

Answer: a
Clarification: It was called the GNU license. It ensured that software is free and open to anyone. He was from MIT and his main motive was to develop a free alternative to Unix.

4. In 1969 AT&T laboratories developed ______ which supported and worked on different hardware platforms.
a) Linux
b) Unix
c) Windows
d) Ubuntu

Answer: b
Clarification: Linux was found in that year. It worked well on different hardware platforms. Commercial users had to pay a license fee.

5. OSS stands for ___________
a) Open System Service
b) Open Source Software
c) Open System Software
d) Open Synchronized Software

Answer: b
Clarification: OSS stands for open source software. OSS allows any user to download, view, modify and redistribute the software. Also, the user can fix bugs according to needs.

6. Public domain software is usually __________
a) System supported
b) Source supported
c) Community supported
d) Programmer supported

Answer: c
Clarification: The public domain software is generally community supported. It is community supported as an author does not support users directly.

7. Set of a program which consists of full documentation.
a) Software Package
b) System Software
c) Utility Software
d) File package

Answer: a
Clarification: It is called a software package. Software is nothing but a collection of programs. A software package can solve a specific problem or perform a specific type of job.

8. Interpreter is used as a translator for?
a) Low level language
b) High Level Language
c) COBOL
d) C

Answer: b
Clarification: It is generally used to make the code into a machine understandable format. Interpreter is used with the high level languages similarly. Assembler is used in case of low level languages.

9. What do you call a specific instruction designed to do a task?
a) Command
b) Process
c) Task
d) Instruction

Answer: a
Clarification: A program is a set of instructions. A command is given to do a specific job. A program in execution is called a process.

10. They normally interact with the system via user interface provided by the application software.
a) Programmers
b) Developers
c) Users
d) Testers

Answer: c
Clarification: Users interact with the system via user interface that is given by the application software. Application software is a set of instructions designed to serve a particular purpose.