Category: Computer Fundamentals Objective Questions

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “COBOL Basics”.

1. COBOL stands for _________
a) Common Business Oriented Language
b) Common Business Object Language
c) Common Beneficial Oriented Language
d) Common Beneficial Object Language

Answer: a
Clarification: COBOL stands for Common Business Oriented Language. It is designed for business purpose. It is fast and relatively simple to learn.

2. COBOL is a language that keeps evolving.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: The statement is true. COBOL has billions of lines of existing code with more added each year. It thus keeps updating itself.

3. Which of the following is not a part of the program division in COBOL?
a) Identification
b) Environment
c) Procedure
d) Compilation

Answer: d
Clarification: COBOL has 4 basic parts in the division section: Identification, Environment, data and procedure. Each program is organized like a book.

4. Which of the following is not a part of the Identification division?
a) Paragraphs
b) Entries
c) Phrases
d) Clauses

Answer: c
Clarification: The order of identification division is:
Paragraphs
Entries
Clauses.

5. D in COBOL stands for _________
a) Data
b) Draft
c) Debugger
d) Debugging lines

Answer: d
Clarification: It stands for debugging lines. Compiler fills in with the sequence numbers. There are certain coding rules that must be followed in COBOL.

6. Comment in COBOL is denoted by ________
a) *
b) /
c) //
d) ;

Answer: a
Clarification: Comment is denoted by asterisk. (*) It denotes the comment line. Hyphen – denotes continuation.

7. The data division is used to ________
a) Declare program id
b) Declare variables
c) File control
d) Input-Output section

Answer: b
Clarification: The data division is used to declare and create variables and constant fields. There are 3 basic data types in COBOL.

8. Which is not a data type in COBOL?
a) numeric
b) alphanumeric
c) alphabetic
d) float

Answer: d
Clarification: There is no data type called as float in COBOL. It has only 3 basic data types: numeric, alphabetic and alphanumeric. Variables are created in the data division.

9. What does S denote in a picture clause?
a) A symbol
b) A character
c) A sign
d) Alphanumeric sign

Answer: b
Clarification: It denotes a sign in a picture clause. Picture clause values usually use 9, X, V, S, A.

10. _____________ denotes the format in which data is stored in memory.
a) kind
b) attach
c) select
d) usage

Answer: d
Clarification: Usage denotes the format in which data is stored in the memory. Normally the phrase usage is omitted in COBOL.

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “DBMS”.

1. A collection of related data.
a) Information
b) Valuable information
c) Database
d) Metadata

Answer: c
Clarification: Database is the collection of related data and its metadata organized in a structured format. It is designed for optimized information management.

2. DBMS is software.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: The statement is true. DBMS stands for Database Management System. It enables easy creation and access of the database.

3. DBMS manages the interaction between __________ and database.
a) Users
b) Clients
c) End Users
d) Stake Holders

Answer: c
Clarification: DBMS manages the interaction between the end users and the database. End users are the final users that interact with the database.

4. Which of the following is not involved in DBMS?
a) End Users
b) Data
c) Application Request
d) HTML

Answer: d
Clarification: HTML isn’t involved in Database Management System. Other things like the data and application request are a part of the DBMS.

5. Database is generally __________
a) System-centered
b) User-centered
c) Company-centered
d) Data-centered

Answer: b
Clarification: Database is user-centered. The perspective is that the user is always right. If there is a problem with the use of the system, the system is the problem, not the user.

6. A characteristic of an entity.
a) Relation
b) Attribute
c) Parameter
d) Constraint

Answer: b
Clarification: An attribute is a characteristic of an entity. The association among the entities is described by the relationship.

7. The restrictions placed on the data.
a) Relation
b) Attribute
c) Parameter
d) Constraint

Answer: d
Clarification: Constraint is a restriction that is placed on the data. Attribute is the characteristic and the relation describes the association.

8. IMS stands for?
a) Information Mastering System
b) Instruction Management System
c) Instruction Manipulating System
d) Information Management System

Answer: d
Clarification: IMS stands for Information Management System. It is developed to manage large amounts of data for complex projects.

9. A model developed by Hammer and Mc Leod in 1981.
a) SDM
b) OODBM
c) DDM
d) RDM

Answer: a
Clarification: SDM stands for Semantic Data Model. It models both data and their relationships in a single structure.

10. Object=_________+relationships.
a) data
b) attributes
c) entity
d) constraints

Answer: c
Clarification: The answer is entity. It is a part of OODBM (Object-Oriented Database Model). It maintains the advantages of ER-model but adds more features.

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “Generations of Computers”.

1. A term in computer terminology is a change in technology a computer is/was being used.
a) development
b) generation
c) advancement
d) growth

Answer: b
Clarification: Generation in computer terminology is a change in technology a computer is/was being used. The term is used to distinguish between various hardware technologies.

2. The fourth generation was based on integrated circuits.
a) True
b) False

Answer: b
Clarification: The statement is false. The third generation was based on integrated circuits.

3. The generation based on VLSI microprocessor.
a) 1st
b) 2nd
c) 3rd
d) 4th

Answer: d
Clarification: The 4th gen was VLSI microprocessor based. The period of fourth generation: 1972-1990.

4. ______ generation of computer started with using vacuum tubes as the basic components.
a) 1st
b) 2nd
c) 3rd
d) 4th

Answer: a
Clarification: First generation of computer started with using vacuum tubes as the basic components for memory and circuitry for CPU(Central Processing Unit).

5. Batch processing was mainly used in this generation.
a) 1st
b) 2nd
c) 3rd
d) 4th

Answer: a
Clarification: Batch processing was mainly used in the 1st generation. In this generation Punched cards, Paper tape, Magnetic tape Input & Output device were used.

6. ___________ is an emerging branch in computer science, which interprets means and method of making computers think like human beings.
a) Block chain
b) VR
c) AI
d) Cloud computing

Answer: c
Clarification: AI is an emerging branch in computer science, which interprets means and method of making computers think like human beings.

7. ULSI stands for?
a) Ultra Large Scale Integration
b) Under Lower Scale Integration
c) Ultra Lower Scale Integration
d) Under Large Scale Integration

Answer: a
Clarification: It stands for Ultra Large Scale Integration. It is a part of the fifth generation computers.

8. In this generation Time sharing, Real time, Networks, Distributed Operating System was used.
a) 1st
b) 2nd
c) 5th
d) 4th

Answer: d
Clarification: The fourth generation of computers is marked by the use of Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits. In this generation Time sharing, Real time, Networks, Distributed Operating System was used.

9. HLL stands for?
a) High Level Language
b) High Layman’s Language
c) High Level Lesson
d) High Layman’s Lesson

Answer: a
Clarification: High Level Language(HLL) has languages like FORTRAN, COBOL. HLL isn’t in machine language. It is converted to machine language for further processing.

10. The period of ________ generation was 1952-1964.
a) 1st
b) 2nd
c) 5th
d) 4th

Answer: b
Clarification: The period of the 2nd generation is 1952-1964. The period of the first generation was 1942-1954.

Computer Fundamentals Questions and Answers for Freshers on “Positional & Non-Positional Number System”.

1. Which of the following is not a type of number system?
a) Positional
b) Non-Positional
c) Octal
d) Fractional

Answer: d
Clarification: There are two main types of number systems : Positional & Non-positional.
Positional System uses digits for the representation whereas, non-positional number systems use certain symbols for the representation of numbers. Octal is a type of positional number systems with base 8.

2. How is the number 5 represented in non-positional number system?
a) IIIII
b) 5
c) V
d) v

Answer: a
Clarification: In a non-positional number system, 1 is represented as I, 2 as II, 3 as III, 4 as IIII and therefore, 5 is represented as IIIII. This number system uses symbols for the representation of digits.

3. The base is the total number of digits in a number system.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: The statement is true. In a positional number system, base is the number of digits the system comprises. For example, a binary number system comprises of only 2 digits, 0 and 1, therefore its base is 2. Similarly, the decimal system comprises 10 digits 0 to 9, therefore its base is 10.

4. The LSB and MSB of 1243247 are ____ and ____
a) 1, 7
b) 4, 7
c) 7, 1
d) 4, 1

Answer: c
Clarification: The LSB or the least significant bit is the rightmost digit at the zeros position. The MSB or the most significant bit is the leftmost digit.

5. A device that uses positional notation to represent a decimal number.
a) Abacus
b) Calculator
c) Pascaline
d) Computer

Answer: a
Clarification: Abacus was used to doing arithmetic calculations around 2500 years ago. Pascaline was the pascal’s calculator by Blaise Pascal invented for doing laborious calculations.

6. The 2’s complement of 5 is ______________
a) 1011
b) 0101
c) 1010
d) 0011

Answer: a
Clarification: The 2’s complement is obtained by adding 1 to the 1s complement of a number. The 1’s complement of 5(0101) is 1010. For 2’s complement : 1010+1=1011.

7. What does BCD stand for?
a) Bitwise coded decimal
b) Binary coded decimal
c) Binary converted decimal
d) Bitwise Converted Decimal

Answer: b
Clarification: BCD is the binary coded decimal form of representation of numbers in 4 bits.E.g. The BCD representation of 5 is 0101. BCD representation of 22 is 00100010.

8. 1 zettabyte = ______________
a) 1024 TB
b) 1024 EB
c) 1024 ZB
d) 1024 PB

Answer: b
Clarification: 1 ZB=1024 EB(exabyte)
1 EB=1024PB(petabyte)
1 YB(yottabyte)=1024ZB.

9. Perfrom BCD addition: 2+3= _______________
a) 0010
b) 0011
c) 0101
d) 1010

Answer: c
Clarification: BCD of 2 =0010
BCD of 3=0011
0010+0011=0101
Therefore, 2+3=0101(5).

10. ASCII stands for _____________________
a) American standard code for information interchange
b) American scientific code for information interchange
c) American scientific code for international interchange
d) American standard code of international interchange

Answer: a
Clarification: ASCII is an encoding standard which is used for communications worldwide. ASCII codes are allotted to digits, special characters and alphabets for data communication purpose.

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “Boolean Functions”.

1. Boolean Function is of the form of ________
a) Truth values
b) K=f(X,Y,X)
c) Algebraic Expression
d) Truth Table

Answer: a
Clarification: The boolean function is of the form of algebraic expressions or truth table. A boolean function is of the form as that of option 2. The result obtained from a boolean function can be a truth value or a fallacy.

2. The result of X+X.Y is X.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: This is a boolean expression. It can be evaluated as :
X+X.Y = X(1+Y) = X.
Since 1+Y=1 by boolean laws.

3. In the boolean function w=f(X,Y,Z), what is the RHS referred to as ________
a) right hand side
b) expression
c) literals
d) boolean

Answer: b
Clarification: The RHS is commonly referred to as the expression. The symbols X, Y and Z are commonly referred to as the literals of the function.

4. The general form for calculating the number of rows in a truth table is ________
a) 2ⁿ
b) 2ⁿ⁺¹
c) 2ⁿ
d) 2ⁿ⁺¹

Answer: c
Clarification: The general form for the calculation of rows in a truth table is 2ⁿ . Here, n= number of literals in the function.

5. The number of literals in the expression F=X.Y’ + Z are _____________
a) 4
b) 3
c) 2
d) 1

Answer: b
Clarification: Literals the generally the number of variables used in any boolean expression. Here, since there are 3 variables X, Y and Z, therefore the answer is 3.

6. The complement term for X’.Y’.Z + X.Y will be _____________
a) XYZ’+X’Y’
b) (X+Y+Z’)(X’+Y’)
c) (X+Y+Z’)(X’+Y)
d) (X+Y+Z’)(X’+Y)

Answer: b
Clarification: The OR and AND operators are interchanged. The complement terms are reduced to normal terms and the result is obtained.

7. What is the complement of X’Y’Z?
a) X+YZ
b) X’+Y+’Z’
c) X+Y+Z’
d) XYZ’

Answer: c
Clarification: The complement is obtained by converting the complement terms to normal terms and vice versa. Also, the OR and AND operators are interchanged. Here, X’Y’Z gets converted to X+Y+Z’.

8. The minterm of any expression is denoted by ___________
a) Mt
b) m
c) M
d) min

Answer: b
Clarification: The variables forming an AND term is generally the minterm. It is denoted by m. (lower case letter).

9. The min term when X=Y=Z=0 is _____________
a) x’+y’+z’
b) xyz
c) x’y’z’
d) x+y+z

Answer: c
Clarification: There minterm expression is obtained using the AND term. Here, when X=Y=Z=0, the expression obtained is x’y’z’.

10. The max term when X=Y=Z=1 is ________
a) x’+y’+z’
b) xyz
c) x’y’z’
d) x+y+z

Answer: a
Clarification: The max term consists of variables forming an OR term. Here, when X=Y=Z=1, the expression is x’+y’+z’.

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “Digitizers”.

1. Input Devices that use a special ink that is used for converting pictures, maps and drawings into digital format.
a) Digitizers
b) Digital pens
c) Light Pens
d) MICR

Answer: a
Clarification: The digitizer is used for digitizing pictures, maps and drawings into digital form for storage in computers. It is used in CAD by architects and engineers.

2. GIS stands for Graphical Information System.
a) True
b) False

Answer: b
Clarification: The statement is false. GIS stands for Geographical Information System. Digitizers are used in the area of GIS for digitizing maps available in paper form.

3. A digitizer converts __________ input into digital input.
a) Laser
b) Digital
c) Analog
d) Complex

Answer: c
Clarification: A digitizer converts analog signals to digital images. Due to this, it is compatible with both scanners and mice.

4. Which of the following term is used when different forms of information like text, sound is converted to a binary code?
a) Digitalization
b) Digitization
c) Binarization
d) Digization

Answer: b
Clarification: Digitization is the term that is used. It converts the input which is in the form of an image, sound or text into a binary format and further makes it easier for the computer to understand and process.

5. Which of the following isn’t a phase of digitization?
a) Discretization
b) Quantization
c) Discretization + Quantization
d) Analog conversion

Answer: d
Clarification: There is no phase called analog conversion. Discretization means the reading of an analog signal. Quantization is the rounding of samples to numbers.

6. Which of the following is not a part of a digitizer?
a) Digitizing tablet
b) Cursor
c) Stick
d) Stylus

Answer: c
Clarification: A digitizer consists of a digitizing tablet, a stylus in the form of a cross-hair cursor. A digitizer is used in the areas of Geographical Information Systems.

7. The process of making digital information work for you is called ___________
a) Digitization
b) Digital Transformation
c) Digitalization
d) Analogization

Answer: c
Clarification: The process of making digitized data or information work for you is called digitalization. The conversion of analog signal to digital signal is called digitization. Digital signals are in the form of 0s and 1s.

8. What is the full form of FSM?
a) Field Service Management
b) Frequent Service Management
c) Final Service Management
d) Field Service Master

Answer: a
Clarification: FSM is Field Service Management. FSM soft wares are used for making proper use of the digitized information. Therefore, they are basically responsible for digitalization.

9. Which of the following Techniques are used to optimize field services?
a) AI
b) ML
c) CC
d) Reality tools

Answer: a
Clarification: AI or Artificial Intelligence is optimizing the field services. It ensures that the fastest service is performed by the person in charge. Artificial intelligence is nothing but machine intelligence.

10. Obtaining services from a rapidly evolving group of internet users __________
a) Outsourcing
b) Crowd Sourcing
c) Human collaboration
d) Human Computation

Answer: b
Clarification: Crowd sourcing is the appropriate term which is to be used. Though human collaboration, outsourcing and computation mean the same. Crowd Sourcing means collaboration of a group of internet users for the same purpose.