Category: Computer Fundamentals Objective Questions

Computer Fundamentals Questions and Answers for Freshers on “Positional & Non-Positional Number System”.

1. Which of the following is not a type of number system?
a) Positional
b) Non-Positional
c) Octal
d) Fractional

Answer: d
Clarification: There are two main types of number systems : Positional & Non-positional.
Positional System uses digits for the representation whereas, non-positional number systems use certain symbols for the representation of numbers. Octal is a type of positional number systems with base 8.

2. How is the number 5 represented in non-positional number system?
a) IIIII
b) 5
c) V
d) v

Answer: a
Clarification: In a non-positional number system, 1 is represented as I, 2 as II, 3 as III, 4 as IIII and therefore, 5 is represented as IIIII. This number system uses symbols for the representation of digits.

3. The base is the total number of digits in a number system.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: The statement is true. In a positional number system, base is the number of digits the system comprises. For example, a binary number system comprises of only 2 digits, 0 and 1, therefore its base is 2. Similarly, the decimal system comprises 10 digits 0 to 9, therefore its base is 10.

4. The LSB and MSB of 1243247 are ____ and ____
a) 1, 7
b) 4, 7
c) 7, 1
d) 4, 1

Answer: c
Clarification: The LSB or the least significant bit is the rightmost digit at the zeros position. The MSB or the most significant bit is the leftmost digit.

5. A device that uses positional notation to represent a decimal number.
a) Abacus
b) Calculator
c) Pascaline
d) Computer

Answer: a
Clarification: Abacus was used to doing arithmetic calculations around 2500 years ago. Pascaline was the pascal’s calculator by Blaise Pascal invented for doing laborious calculations.

6. The 2’s complement of 5 is ______________
a) 1011
b) 0101
c) 1010
d) 0011

Answer: a
Clarification: The 2’s complement is obtained by adding 1 to the 1s complement of a number. The 1’s complement of 5(0101) is 1010. For 2’s complement : 1010+1=1011.

7. What does BCD stand for?
a) Bitwise coded decimal
b) Binary coded decimal
c) Binary converted decimal
d) Bitwise Converted Decimal

Answer: b
Clarification: BCD is the binary coded decimal form of representation of numbers in 4 bits.E.g. The BCD representation of 5 is 0101. BCD representation of 22 is 00100010.

8. 1 zettabyte = ______________
a) 1024 TB
b) 1024 EB
c) 1024 ZB
d) 1024 PB

Answer: b
Clarification: 1 ZB=1024 EB(exabyte)
1 EB=1024PB(petabyte)
1 YB(yottabyte)=1024ZB.

9. Perfrom BCD addition: 2+3= _______________
a) 0010
b) 0011
c) 0101
d) 1010

Answer: c
Clarification: BCD of 2 =0010
BCD of 3=0011
0010+0011=0101
Therefore, 2+3=0101(5).

10. ASCII stands for _____________________
a) American standard code for information interchange
b) American scientific code for information interchange
c) American scientific code for international interchange
d) American standard code of international interchange

Answer: a
Clarification: ASCII is an encoding standard which is used for communications worldwide. ASCII codes are allotted to digits, special characters and alphabets for data communication purpose.

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “Boolean Functions”.

1. Boolean Function is of the form of ________
a) Truth values
b) K=f(X,Y,X)
c) Algebraic Expression
d) Truth Table

Answer: a
Clarification: The boolean function is of the form of algebraic expressions or truth table. A boolean function is of the form as that of option 2. The result obtained from a boolean function can be a truth value or a fallacy.

2. The result of X+X.Y is X.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: This is a boolean expression. It can be evaluated as :
X+X.Y = X(1+Y) = X.
Since 1+Y=1 by boolean laws.

3. In the boolean function w=f(X,Y,Z), what is the RHS referred to as ________
a) right hand side
b) expression
c) literals
d) boolean

Answer: b
Clarification: The RHS is commonly referred to as the expression. The symbols X, Y and Z are commonly referred to as the literals of the function.

4. The general form for calculating the number of rows in a truth table is ________
a) 2ⁿ
b) 2ⁿ⁺¹
c) 2ⁿ
d) 2ⁿ⁺¹

Answer: c
Clarification: The general form for the calculation of rows in a truth table is 2ⁿ . Here, n= number of literals in the function.

5. The number of literals in the expression F=X.Y’ + Z are _____________
a) 4
b) 3
c) 2
d) 1

Answer: b
Clarification: Literals the generally the number of variables used in any boolean expression. Here, since there are 3 variables X, Y and Z, therefore the answer is 3.

6. The complement term for X’.Y’.Z + X.Y will be _____________
a) XYZ’+X’Y’
b) (X+Y+Z’)(X’+Y’)
c) (X+Y+Z’)(X’+Y)
d) (X+Y+Z’)(X’+Y)

Answer: b
Clarification: The OR and AND operators are interchanged. The complement terms are reduced to normal terms and the result is obtained.

7. What is the complement of X’Y’Z?
a) X+YZ
b) X’+Y+’Z’
c) X+Y+Z’
d) XYZ’

Answer: c
Clarification: The complement is obtained by converting the complement terms to normal terms and vice versa. Also, the OR and AND operators are interchanged. Here, X’Y’Z gets converted to X+Y+Z’.

8. The minterm of any expression is denoted by ___________
a) Mt
b) m
c) M
d) min

Answer: b
Clarification: The variables forming an AND term is generally the minterm. It is denoted by m. (lower case letter).

9. The min term when X=Y=Z=0 is _____________
a) x’+y’+z’
b) xyz
c) x’y’z’
d) x+y+z

Answer: c
Clarification: There minterm expression is obtained using the AND term. Here, when X=Y=Z=0, the expression obtained is x’y’z’.

10. The max term when X=Y=Z=1 is ________
a) x’+y’+z’
b) xyz
c) x’y’z’
d) x+y+z

Answer: a
Clarification: The max term consists of variables forming an OR term. Here, when X=Y=Z=1, the expression is x’+y’+z’.

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “Digitizers”.

1. Input Devices that use a special ink that is used for converting pictures, maps and drawings into digital format.
a) Digitizers
b) Digital pens
c) Light Pens
d) MICR

Answer: a
Clarification: The digitizer is used for digitizing pictures, maps and drawings into digital form for storage in computers. It is used in CAD by architects and engineers.

2. GIS stands for Graphical Information System.
a) True
b) False

Answer: b
Clarification: The statement is false. GIS stands for Geographical Information System. Digitizers are used in the area of GIS for digitizing maps available in paper form.

3. A digitizer converts __________ input into digital input.
a) Laser
b) Digital
c) Analog
d) Complex

Answer: c
Clarification: A digitizer converts analog signals to digital images. Due to this, it is compatible with both scanners and mice.

4. Which of the following term is used when different forms of information like text, sound is converted to a binary code?
a) Digitalization
b) Digitization
c) Binarization
d) Digization

Answer: b
Clarification: Digitization is the term that is used. It converts the input which is in the form of an image, sound or text into a binary format and further makes it easier for the computer to understand and process.

5. Which of the following isn’t a phase of digitization?
a) Discretization
b) Quantization
c) Discretization + Quantization
d) Analog conversion

Answer: d
Clarification: There is no phase called analog conversion. Discretization means the reading of an analog signal. Quantization is the rounding of samples to numbers.

6. Which of the following is not a part of a digitizer?
a) Digitizing tablet
b) Cursor
c) Stick
d) Stylus

Answer: c
Clarification: A digitizer consists of a digitizing tablet, a stylus in the form of a cross-hair cursor. A digitizer is used in the areas of Geographical Information Systems.

7. The process of making digital information work for you is called ___________
a) Digitization
b) Digital Transformation
c) Digitalization
d) Analogization

Answer: c
Clarification: The process of making digitized data or information work for you is called digitalization. The conversion of analog signal to digital signal is called digitization. Digital signals are in the form of 0s and 1s.

8. What is the full form of FSM?
a) Field Service Management
b) Frequent Service Management
c) Final Service Management
d) Field Service Master

Answer: a
Clarification: FSM is Field Service Management. FSM soft wares are used for making proper use of the digitized information. Therefore, they are basically responsible for digitalization.

9. Which of the following Techniques are used to optimize field services?
a) AI
b) ML
c) CC
d) Reality tools

Answer: a
Clarification: AI or Artificial Intelligence is optimizing the field services. It ensures that the fastest service is performed by the person in charge. Artificial intelligence is nothing but machine intelligence.

10. Obtaining services from a rapidly evolving group of internet users __________
a) Outsourcing
b) Crowd Sourcing
c) Human collaboration
d) Human Computation

Answer: b
Clarification: Crowd sourcing is the appropriate term which is to be used. Though human collaboration, outsourcing and computation mean the same. Crowd Sourcing means collaboration of a group of internet users for the same purpose.

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “Testing”.

1. Another name for white-box testing is ___________
a) Control testing
b) Graybox
c) Glassbox
d) Black box

Answer: c
Clarification: Sometimes it is called the glass box testing. It is a type of testing in which the internal structure of any application is tested and examined.

2. Test cases ensure that all the statements are executed atleast once.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: The statement is true. Test cases are written to check if all the statements are executed at least once. It also checks the logicality of the code.

3. Which of the following divides the input domain into classes containing data?
a) Equivalent partitioning
b) Environment partitioning
c) Procedure division
d) Compilation division

Answer: a
Clarification: Equivalent partitioning divides the input domain into classes containing data. They basically exercise on a specific functionality of a software.

4. Which of the following is a common testing conducted by the developers?
a) Unit testing
b) Entry testing
c) Phrase testing
d) Code testing

Answer: a
Clarification: Unit testing is commonly performed by the developers. It is difficult to perform testing at any time during its cycle. An early start decreases the time and cost.

5. SDLC stands for ________
a) Software development life cycle
b) System development life cycle
c) Software design life cycle
d) System design life cycle

Answer: a
Clarification: It stands for Software development life cycle. In SDLC, the testing can be started from the software gathering requirement phase. And can be carried over till the deployment phase.

6. Which of the following is a myth in testing?
a) Tester can find bugs
b) Any user can test software
c) Missed defects are not due to testers
d) Complete testing is not possible

Answer: b
Clarification: Any user can test software is a myth. Anyone cannot test the software. A person who has no knowledge cannot test the software.

7. A process to determine how the actual testing is done _______
a) Audit
b) Inspection
c) Control
d) Monitoring

Answer: a
Clarification: Audit is the systematic process which can determine how the actual process of testing is done. Audit is generally done with a team.

8. Gathering formal or informal technical feedback is called _________
a) Audit
b) Testing
c) Inspection
d) Unit testing

Answer: c
Clarification: The term used is inspection. Inspection helps in getting a formal or an informal feedback of a particular product. The errors can be easily examined.

9. Which is not involved in debugging?
a) Identifying
b) Isolating
c) Test
d) Fixing

Answer: c
Clarification: Testing is a different process and is different from debugging. Debugging involves identifying, isolating and fixation of the problems or errors.

10. A standard for unit testing.
a) IEEE 1008
b) IEEE 1005
c) IEEE 1009
d) IEEE 1000

Answer: a
Clarification: IEEE 1008 is a standard defined for unit testing. Rest all the other standards mentioned are invalid. There are certain standards defined for Quality assurance.

Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions on “Components of DBMS”.

1. DBMS is a set of __________ to access the data.
a) Codes
b) Programs
c) Information
d) Metadata

Answer: b
Clarification: Database is a set of programs designed to access the data. It contains information about a particular enterprise.

2. DBMS provides a convenient and efficient environment.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: The statement is true. DBMS stands for Database Management System. It provides an efficient and easy to use environment.

3. Which of the following isn’t a level of abstraction?
a) physical
b) logical
c) user
d) view

Answer: c
Clarification: There are three levels of abstraction: physical, logical and the view level. These three levels are involved in DBMS.

4. A level that describes how a record is stored.
a) physical
b) logical
c) user
d) view

Answer: a
Clarification: The answer is physical. The physical level describes how the record gets stored.
e.g. Customer.

5. The ______level helps application programs hide the details of data types.
a) physical
b) logical
c) user
d) view

Answer: d
Clarification: The application programs hide details of datatypes. Views can also hide information for security purposes.

6. A logical structure of the database.
a) Schema
b) Attribute
c) Parameter
d) Instance

Answer: a
Clarification: A schema is the logical structure of the database. e.g A set of customers and accounts and their relationship.

7. The actual content in the database at a particular point.
a) Schema
b) Attribute
c) Parameter
d) Instance

Answer: d
Clarification: The answer is Instance. Instance is the actual content of the database at a particular point of time.

8. Which of the following is not an object-based logical model?
a) ER
b) Network
c) Semantic
d) Functional

Answer: b
Clarification: Network model is a part of record-based logical model and not object-based. Others are object based models. ER stands for Entity-relationship.

9. SQL is _______
a) Relational
b) Network
c) IMS
d) Hierarchical

Answer: a
Clarification: SQL or structured query language is a relational model. It comes under record-based logical models.

10. A level that describes data stored in a database and the relationships among the data.
a) physical
b) logical
c) user
d) view

Answer: b
Clarification: The answer is logical. The logical level describes the relationships between the data. Physical level describes how the data is stored.

Computer Fundamentals Problems on “Parallel Processing Systems”.

1. Execution of several activities at the same time.
a) processing
b) parallel processing
c) serial processing
d) multitasking

Answer: b
Clarification: Execution of several activities at the same time is referred to as parallel processing. Like, Two multiplications at the same time on 2 different processes.

2. Parallel processing has single execution flow.
a) True
b) False

Answer: b
Clarification: The statement is false. Sequential programming specifically has single execution flow.

3. A term for simultaneous access to a resource, physical or logical.
a) Multiprogramming
b) Multitasking
c) Threads
d) Concurrency

Answer: d
Clarification: Concurrency is the term used for the same. When several things are accessed simultaneously, the job is said to be concurrent.

4. ______________ leads to concurrency.
a) Serialization
b) Parallelism
c) Serial processing
d) Distribution

Answer: b
Clarification: Parallelism leads naturally to Concurrency. For example, Several processes trying to print a file on a single printer.

5. A parallelism based on increasing processor word size.
a) Increasing
b) Count based
c) Bit based
d) Bit level

Answer: d
Clarification: Bit level parallelism is based on increasing processor word size. It on hardware capabilities for structuring.

6. A type of parallelism that uses micro architectural techniques.
a) instructional
b) bit level
c) bit based
d) increasing

Answer: a
Clarification: Instructional level uses micro architectural techniques. It on program instructions for structuring.

7. MIPS stands for?
a) Mandatory Instructions/sec
b) Millions of Instructions/sec
c) Most of Instructions/sec
d) Many Instructions / sec

Answer: b
Clarification: MIPS stands for Millions of Instructions/sec. MIPS is a way to measure the cost of computing.

8. The measure of the “effort” needed to maintain efficiency while adding processors.
a) Maintainablity
b) Efficiency
c) Scalabilty
d) Effectiveness

Answer: c
Clarification: The measure of the “effort” needed to maintain efficiency while adding processors is called as scalabilty.

9. The rate at which the problem size need to be increased to maintain efficiency.
a) Isoeffciency
b) Efficiency
c) Scalabilty
d) Effectiveness

Answer: a
Clarification: Isoefficiency is the rate at which the problem size need to be increased to maintain efficiency.

10. Several instructions execution simultaneously in ________________
a) processing
b) parallel processing
c) serial processing
d) multitasking

Answer: b
Clarification: In parallel processing, the several instructions are executed simultaneously.