Category: Energy Management Objective Questions

Environment Management Problems on “The State of India’s Rivers”.

1. How many percentage of pollution accounts by sewage and municipal effluents?
a) 25
b) 50
c) 75
d) 100
Answer: c
Clarification: Scientifically competent studies conducted by the CPCB says that sewage and municipal effluents accounts for 75% of the pollution load in rivers while the remaining 25% is from industrial effluents and non-point pollution sources.

2. When did India launched the Ganga Action plan (GAP)?
a) In 1983
b) In 1984
c) In 1985
d) In 1986
Answer: c
Clarification: In 1985, India launched the Ganga Action plan, the largest ever river cleanup operation in the country. GAP Phase-2 was launched in 1991 included cleaning operations for the tributaries of Ganga, the Yamuna, Gomati and Damodar.

3. What is the full form of NRCP?
a) National Railway Corporation Pipeline
b) National Rivers Cleaning Phase
c) National Roads Cleaning Phase
d) National River Conservation Plan
Answer: d
Clarification: National River Conservation Plan (NRCP) was launched in 1995. Under this plan all the rivers in India were taken up for cleanup operations. In most of these plans, attempts have been made to tap drains and divert sewage to treatment plants, before letting them out into rivers.

4. How many rivers do the National River Conservation Plan covered?
a) 13
b) 15
c) 16
d) 18
Answer: d
Clarification: National River Conservation Plan (NRCP) covers 18 rivers in 10 states including 46 towns. The cost is bore entirely by the Central Government and the Ministry of Environment and Forests. The main activities of the plan are to treat the pollution load from sewer systems of towns and cities.

5. To strengthen the ongoing NRCP, which new initiative was taken?
a) National Yamuna Basin Authority
b) National Narmada Basin Authority
c) National Ganga River Basin Authority
d) National Brahmaputra River Basin Authority
Answer: c
Clarification: National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) was formed to strengthen the ongoing NRCP in 2009. The first meeting of the NGRBA Resolved to make the Ganga pollution free by 2020. This pledge to make Ganga free from pollution.

6. River water is used to a maximum extent.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: River water is used to a maximum extent because of its common reach to the biotic community. Maximum economic activities concentrate around rivers. About 50% of the population of the world resides in 250 river basins.

7. When did a model bill to regulate and control of groundwater come into force?
a) 1993
b) 1994
c) 1995
d) 1996
Answer: d
Clarification: Ministry of Water Resources prepared a model bill to regulate and control the development of groundwater in 1996. It provides the details of the definitions and the process of implementation of the bill.

8. To which of the following subjects ‘Repair, Renovation and Restoration’ (RRR) comes under?
a) Buildings
b) Soil structures
c) Water bodies
d) Forests
Answer: c
Clarification: This is implemented by the Government of India, Ministry of Water Resources. ‘Repair, Renovation and Restoration’ comes to water body scheme that has been launched by the Ministry under the state sector.

9. Which plan was launched by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) to restoring the water quality and ecology of the lakes?
a) National Water Conserved Plan
b) National Lake Conservation Plan
c) National River Ceremony Plan
d) National Water Conservation Plan
Answer: b
Clarification: National Lake Conservation Plan (NLCP), launched by the Government of India aims at restoring the water quality and ecology of the lakes in different parts of the country. Thus it protects the rivers that flow to the lakes.

10. Which of the following have no rivers in it?
a) Uttar Pradesh
b) Karnataka
c) Andaman and Nicobar
d) Lakshadweep
Answer: d
Clarification: Every single state has at least one river flowing in it. Only the Union Territory of Lakshadweep has no rivers in it. Lakshadweep is a bunch of really small islands so there is no river flow in it.

11. According to NRGBA which is the national river of India?
a) Yamuna
b) Brahmaputra
c) Krishna
d) Ganges
Answer: d
Clarification: NRGBA was established by the Central Government of India on 20 February 2009 under Environment Protection Act, 1986. The chair includes the Prime Minister of India and Chief Minister of states through which Ganges flows. It declared the Ganges as the National River of India.

12. Which is the Longest River in India?
a) Ganges
b) Indus
c) Brahmaputra
d) Godavari
Answer: a
Clarification: Ganges is considered to be the longest river in India with a total length of 2,640 km. Indus and Brahmaputra both has length of 2,900 km but they are not called longest river because most of the part of river lies outside the Indian Territory.

13. Which is the most polluted river in India?
a) Ganges
b) Yamuna
c) Sabarmati
d) Godavari
Answer: b
Clarification: Yamuna tops the list of the most polluted rivers in India. It is also one of the top 10 dirtiest rivers in the world. The second most polluted river in India is the Ganges. Sabarmati is the third most polluted river in India.

14. All the rivers in India are female.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: Most of the rivers are female in India as Ganges, Yamuna, Godavari etc, but not all rivers are female as opposed to general opinion. There are many male rivers, to name a few male rivers are Damodar, Ajay, Sankosh, Bhima, Krishna and many more.

Environment Management Problems,

Energy & Environment Management Multiple Choice Questions on “Public Policy and PILs”.

1. Which one of the following issues Environmental Policy is mainly concerned?
a) Political issues
b) Crime issues
c) Environmental issues
d) Personal issues
Answer: c
Clarification: Environmental Policy mainly concerns with environmental issues. These issues include air and water pollution, waste management, maintenance of biodiversity, waste management, the protection of wildlife and endangered species.

2. When did Indian Forest Act established?
a) 1911
b) 1914
c) 1925
d) 1927
Answer: d
Clarification: Indian Forest Act is established in 1927 under British rule. Under this Act developed procedures for setting up and protection of forests which are reserved, protected forests and village forests are the protected area.

3. In 1972 which Act formed in India to protect the wildlife of India?
a) Indian Forest Act
b) Wildlife Protection Act
c) Environmental Act
d) Natural Protection Act
Answer: b
Clarification: Wildlife Protection Act was established in 1972 in India to protect the wildlife. Apart from this, there are many things this Act looks like formalization of national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, conservational reserves and community reserves.

4. Which is the only state in India where Wildlife protection Act, 1972 not applicable?
a) Karnataka
b) Jammu and Kashmir
c) Tamil Nadu
d) Kerala
Answer: b
Clarification: Wildlife Protection Act provides for the protection of wildlife animals, birds and plants. This Act extends to whole of India, except the State of Jammu and Kashmir which has its own wildlife act known as “The Jammu and Kashmir Wildlife Act”.

5. Under which domain 7th five year plan helped in the protection of environment?
a) Environment Protection Act, 1986
b) Indian Forest Act, 1927
c) Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
d) National Forest Policy, 1988
Answer: a
Clarification: Under the domain of Environmental Protection Act, 1986 7th five year plan helped in the protection of environment. It is a legislation which signifies the central governments determination to take effective steps to protect the environment.

6. PIL helps the environmental NGOs and social activists to file number of cases for the effective enforcement of environmental laws.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: PIL helps in the protecting citizen’s right to healthy environment. The Supreme Court of India has not only ensured fundamental right of citizen to healthy environment but also has contributed immensely to the evolution of new principles in environmental jurisprudence.

7. What is the full form of PIL?
a) Private Interest Litigation
b) Public Interest Limited
c) Public Interest Litigation
d) Public Initiative Litigation
Answer: c
Clarification: Public Interest Litigation is directly filed by an individual or group of people in the Supreme Court. It is a new legal horizon in which court of law can initiate and enforce action to serve and secure significant public interest.

8. When did Wildlife Conservation Strategy established?
a) 2000
b) 2001
c) 2002
d) 2003
Answer: c
Clarification: Wildlife Conservation Strategy established in 2002. According to this policy wildlife and forests shall be declared priority sector at the national level for which funds be earmarked and it also deals with no commercial mono-culture to replace natural forests.

9. To which government the Ministry of Environment and Forests is the nodal agency?
a) To the State Government
b) To the Central Government
c) To United Nations
d) To Union Territories
Answer: b
Clarification: The Ministry Of Environment and Forests is the nodal agency in the administrative structure of the Central Government. It works for the planning, promotion, co-ordination and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry programs.

10. When did the “Policy Statement for Abatement of Pollution” adopted?
a) 1990
b) 1991
c) 1992
d) 1993
Answer: c
Clarification: The Policy Statement for Abatement of Pollution adopted in 1992. The objective is to integrate environmental considerations into decision-making at all levels. To achieve these steps to be taken to prevent pollution at source, encourage, develop and apply the best available practicable technical solutions.

11. Who adopted the technique of public interest litigation for the cause of environmental protection in many cases in India?
a) Indian Parliament
b) Indian Army
c) Indian Civil Services
d) Indian judiciary
Answer: d
Clarification: The Indian judiciary adopted the technique of public interest litigation for the cause of environmental protection in many cases. The Supreme Court & High Courts shaded the inhibitions against refusing strangers to present the petitions on behalf of poor and ignorant individuals.

12. What is the result of PIL that is applied in Rural Litigation and Entitlement Kendra vs. State of U.P?
a) The Supreme Court prohibited the continuance of mining operations
b) The Supreme Court allows continuance of mining operations
c) The Supreme Court withheld the judgment to 2020
d) The Supreme Court asked the opinion of Central Government
Answer: a
Clarification: In the area of environmental protection, PIL has proved to be an effective tool. In Rural Litigation and Entitlement Kendra vs. State of Uttar Pradesh. The Supreme Court prohibited the continuance of mining operations terming it to be adversely affecting the environment.

13. The decision of the Supreme Court in the PIL of Subhash Kumar vs. State of Bihar is _______________
a) Approved
b) Denied
c) Pending
d) Formed jury panel
Answer: b
Clarification: The judiciary has used the tool of PIL quite effectively for the cause of environmental protection. But the judiciary has shown wisdom in denying false petitions seeking to advance private interests through PIL as evident from the decision of the Supreme Court in Subhash Kumar vs. State of Bihar.

14. PIL can be filed against individuals also.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: PIL can be filed against government only. A PIL may be filed against state government, central government, municipal authority not any private party. But, private person may be included in PIL as Respondent, after concerned of state authority.

Energy & Environment Management Multiple Choice Questions on “Environment and Human Health”.

1. What is called for the chemicals which emit with vinyl floors?
a) Pathogens
b) Vinyl oxidize
c) Phthalates
d) Chorines
Answer: c
Clarification: Due to the addition of contaminates to the environment, it is discovered that children who lives in homes with vinyl floors which can emit hazardous chemicals called phthalates. It develops signs of autism in kids.

2. Which one of the following organization dedicated to protecting human health from environmental harms?
a) Environment and Human Health
b) Environmental and Scientific Science
c) Ecological Protection Organization
d) Ecological Science and Solutions
Answer: a
Clarification: Environmental and Human Health (EHHI) is dedicated to protecting human health from environmental harms through education, research and the promotion of public policies. Environmental and Human Health is increasingly concerned about health hazards.

3. Which one of the following cause harm to human health?
a) Organic farming
b) Using of pesticides
c) Using solar vehicles
d) Protecting forests
Answer: b
Clarification: Pesticides can harm to human health if they use in excess proportion in the environment. Pesticides are intentionally toxic substances linked to various diseases like cancer, birth defects, mutations and other health problems.

4. How many types of health hazards are there?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Answer: c
Clarification: The three types of health hazards are physical hazards, chemical hazards and biological hazards. Physical hazards are global warming, UV radiations, Radioactive etc. Chemical hazards are combustion of fossil fuels, pesticides, heavy metals etc. Biological hazards are bacteria, viruses etc.

5. What is the other name for infectious diseases?
a) Non-communicable diseases
b) Communicable diseases
c) Non-transmissible diseases
d) Heredity diseases
Answer: b
Clarification: Infectious diseases also known as transmissible diseases or communicable diseases comprise clinically illness resulting from the infection, presence and growth of pathogenic biological agents.

6. Human health can be divided into internal factors and external factors.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: The two factors affecting human health are internal factors and external factors. The factors such as malfunctioning of the body parts, malfunctioning of immune system and genetic disorders, which exist within the human body, are called internal factors. Heart attack, Kidney failure etc are few examples of external factors.

7. What is called the term which refers to an unhealthful intake of dietary nutrients?
a) Healthy food
b) Foul food
c) Malnutrition
d) Nutritious food
Answer: c
Clarification: The term malnutrition refers to an unhealthful intake of dietary nutrients. Malnutrition may arise with inadequate or overabundant food intake, an imbalance of dietary nutrients or utilize the food we eat.

8. Which one of the following is a result of high exposure of radiation?
a) Loss of white blood cells
b) Hair loss
c) Tooth decay
d) Leg fracture
Answer: a
Clarification: High doses of radiation can be harmful or even it cause fatal to humans and it also damages environment. Doses above 100 rems usually cause the first signs of radiation. Loss of white blood cells happens due to more exposure to radiation.

9. How do pollutants reach humans?
a) By external factors
b) By internal factors
c) Pollutants never reach to humans
d) There is nothing called pollutants
Answer: a
Clarification: Pollutants reach humans through the food we eat, the water we drink, and the air we breathe and endanger our health in both immediate and long lasting ways. This pollutants cause various problems to human’s health and also to environment.

10. How many percentage of water approximately present in human body?
a) 50%
b) 60%
c) 70%
d) 80%
Answer: c
Clarification: The human body is mostly consists of 70% of water. Only 2.5% of water on the planet is drinkable and it becomes clear since our body consist of 70% water protecting our water supply is so important.

11. The current rates of disease are increasing at alarming speeds and most are closely linked with known____________________
a) Carcinogens
b) Invigorating
c) Organic farming
d) Balanced diet
Answer: a
Clarification: The current rates of disease are increasing at alarming speeds and they are linked with carcinogens. Carcinogens have become abundant in our environment in the last several decades. It consists of pesticides, artificial hormone etc.

12. Which one of the following is an effect due to environmental pollution for human health?
a) Increase in the male fertility
b) Decrease in the carcinogen cells
c) Decrease in the mental stress
d) Decrease in the male fertility
Answer: d
Clarification: Male infertility has been linked to pesticides, air pollution, exposure to lead, household flame-retardant, surfactants and water pollution. Continuous exposure for such environmental pollution will lower the sperm amounts in males.

13. Which one of the following can cause breast cancer in women?
a) Breastfeeding
b) Being physically fit
c) Using antiperspirant
d) Eating healthy food
Answer: c
Clarification: Antiperspirants are applied near the breast and contain potentially harmful ingredients. Breast cancer can be caused by using antiperspirant, a decrease in the occurrence and duration of breastfeeding and synthetic hormones found in food production.

14. There is a link between the environment and human health.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: There is a direct link between the environment and human health. We harm our environment I many ways, it comes back to haunt us in the form of sickness and death. The more we cause trouble and disturb the environment the more we suffer from diseases.