[English Notes] on Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Essay Pdf for Exam

Dr B. R. Ambedkar is looked up to as a symbol of equality. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar played an important role in framing the constitution of our country. He outlawed the discrimination against lower castes or untouchables and wanted to establish equality among our countrymen. He said that he believed in a society where friendship, equality, and brotherhood exist. However, a man who did so much for our country had suffered many atrocities about his caste in the initial days.

Below is the detailed journey of our legend Bhim Rao Ambedkar that has been set by experts after deep research and several quality checks.

Bhim Rao Ambedkar was a person with multiple talents as he was an educationist, jurist, and worked as a socio-political reformer. In free India, his contribution is precious in varied arenas and the list of his achievements is long. Therefore, while writing an essay about Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar, it is a wise step to include the content from all the avenues based on his experiences and life so that total justice can be made by those who attempt to write an informational essay about this legendary figure. Here you go:

History Facts about Dr Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar

Born on 14 April 1891 in a village named Mhow in the Indore district of Madhya Pradesh, Dr Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar was also known as Babasaheb Ambedkar. His father Ramji Sakpal, was in the Indian Army, serving the country. With his good work, he was ranked as Subedar in the army. His mother’s name was Bhima bai. From the beginning, Ramji encouraged his children to study and to work hard, due to which Bhimrao Ambedkar was fond of studies since childhood. However, he belonged to the Mahar caste, and people belonging to this caste were also called untouchables at that time. The meaning of untouchable was that if any belonging of the upper castes was touched by the people of the lower caste, it was considered impure and the people of the upper caste would not use those things.

Even the children belonging to the lower caste could not go to school for studies due to the poor thinking of the society. Fortunately, the government ran a special school for the children of all the employees working in the army, so B. R. Ambedkar’s early education could be possible. Despite being good at studies, he along with all the lower caste children accompanying him were seated outside the class or in the corner of the class. The teachers there also paid little attention to them. These children were not allowed to even touch the tap to drink water. The peon of the school used to pour water on his hands from afar and then they used to get water to drink. When the peon was not there, they had to study and go without water, despite being thirsty.

After Ramji Sakpal retired in 1894, his entire family moved to a place called Satara in Maharashtra, but only after 2 years, Ambedkar’s mother died. After this, his aunt took care of him in difficult circumstances. Ramji Sakpal and his wife had 14 children, out of which only three sons and three daughters survived the difficult conditions. And among his brothers and sisters, Bhimrao Ambedkar was the only one who succeeded in ignoring the social discrimination to continue further education, in 1897.

Education of Dr Ambedkar

Ambedkar took admission to Mumbai’s high school, and he was the first lower-caste student to get admission in that school. In 1907, Ambedkar passed his high school examination. This success triggered a wave of happiness among the people of his caste because it was a big thing to pass high school at that time and it was amazing to have someone from their community to achieve it.

After that Bhimrao Ambedkar obtained degrees in Economics and Political Science in 1912, breaking all records in the field of studies. In 1913, he went to America for post-graduation and there in 1915 from Columbia University, he did M.A. He was awarded a PhD for one of his researches in the following year. In 1916, he published the book Evolution of Provincial Finance in British India. B.R. Ambedkar went to London in 1916 with his doctoral degree, where he studied law at the London School of Economics and enrolled in the degree for Doctorate in Economics.

However, in the next year, after the scholarship money ran out, he had to leave his studies in the middle and return to India. After that, he came to India and did a lot of other jobs like clerical jobs and the job of an accountant. He completed his research by going back to London in 1923 with the help of his remaining money. He was awarded the degree of Doctor of Science by the University. Since then, he spent the rest of his life in the service of society. He participated in many campaigns for the independence of India, wrote many books for the social freedom of Dalits, and made India an independent nation. In 1926 he became a member of the Mumbai Legislative Council. On 13 October 1935, Ambedkar was made the Principal of the Government Law College and worked on this post for 2 years.

Emerging as a Politician

In 1936, Ambedkar founded the Independent Labour Party which later contested the Central Assembly elections and won 15 seats. Between 1941 and 1945 he published several books, like ‘Thoughts in Pakistan’. In this book, the demand for creating a separate country for Muslims was strongly opposed. Ambedkar’s vision of India was different. He wanted to see the whole country without falling apart, which is why he strongly criticized the policies of the leaders who wanted to divide ​​India. After India’s independence on 15 August 1947, Ambedkar became the first law minister and despite his deteriorating health, he gave a strong law to India. Then his written constitution came into force on 26 January 1950, and in addition to this, the Reserve Bank of India was established with the views of Bhimrao Ambedkar. After all, while struggling with political issues, Bhimrao Ambedkar’s health deteriorated day by day, and then on 6 December 1956, he passed away. He had changed the thinking of the society to a great extent, he ensured that Dalits and women get their rights.

Some Interesting Facts About Dr B.R. Ambedkar

  • In an essay about Dr B. R. Ambedkar, it will be interesting to include the fact that Ambedkar Jayanti is the biggest Jayanti observed as an annual festival in the world.

  • He is known as the number 1 scholar in the world and he is also the first person from the South Asia region to pursue PhD in Economics subject.

  • His slogan “life should be great rather than long” showed the right path to many people globally.

  • Dr B. R. Ambedkar is famous as the symbol of knowledge in the world as he completed different higher degrees, like MSc, M.A., PhD, and many more.

Conclusion

Dr B. R. Ambedkar is also knowns as Babasaheb Ambedkar, he was a great politician and jurist. He struggled a lot throughout his life, he implied laws for the lower caste people and he was the only chief architect of the Indian constitution. To date, he is remembered for his good deeds and welfare.

[English Notes] on Essay on AIDS Pdf for Exam

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is an infection that causes cells in the body that help it fight infections, making a person more susceptible to other infections and diseases. Interaction with certain bodily secretions of an HIV-positive individual, most commonly during unprotected intercourse (sex without the use of a condom or HIV treatment to prevent or treat HIV), or sharing injection drug equipment spreads the virus.

If HIV is not treated, it can progress to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). HIV cannot be eradicated by the human body, and there is no effective HIV cure. As a result, whether you have HIV, you will have it for the rest of your life.

Long and Short AIDS Essay in English

There are many diseases causing microorganisms, like bacteria, viruses, fungi etc. The symptoms of the diseases depend on the type of microorganism that is spreading it. It can vary from mild to severe. AIDS which stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is a viral disease that is rampant in growth. It was only in the last century that this viral disease has proved to be lethal and fatal, taking away about twenty million lives globally. The awareness about the disease and the virus causing it which is HIV or Human Immunodeficiency Virus is more now compared to earlier. In this HIV AIDS essay, we can go through the important information about it and burst some myths.

 

Below are different ways to write an AIDS essay in English. The essay on HIV AIDS can be of 2 formats, a long essay on HIV AIDS or a short AIDS essay.

Short Essay on Aids

This AIDS essay is a brief one and will cover the important notes about the disease and the ways one can prevent it.

 

The way of occurrence of this disease is in the name itself, AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. The disease is acquired via the virus which is called Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is not an auto-immune disease in the early stages of infection where the immune system in the body fights off infection to protect the body from diseases that go against itself. The virus enters from an outside source and destroys the efficiency of our immune system.

 

AIDS is transmitted through contact. The contact with infected blood of the HIV OR AIDS patient in any form can easily transfer this viral disease. It can also be transmitted through contact with semen or vaginal fluids of the infected person. This occurs in the case when one is sexually exposed to a person with HIV.

 

HIV once enters the body, invades and conquers the immune system making the body susceptible to other diseases. It is then very easy for the simple flu or cold infection to be severe as the immune system is no longer fit to fight it.

 

When detected in the early period can be battled with, but more often than not people assume the symptoms to not be AIDS so it spreads and kills the individual. To be protected when having sex and not sharing any form of toiletries with others is the way to prevent and keep this deadly virus at bay.

Long Essay on AIDS

This is the long format of an essay on HIV AIDS where its workings, causes and effects and remedies are discussed.

 

There are some diseases that have been borne by the living in this world which has created a ruckus in human history and the struggle to find a permanent cure still exists. AIDS is one such disease. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is the name of the disease which is also shortened as AIDS.

 

It has since only the 20th century affected the human race and many people lost their lives, more than 20 million of them. The virus that aids in the transmission of this disease is Human Immunodeficiency Virus or also called HIV. Due to the same property of immunodeficiency, it is referred to as HIV/AIDS.

 

Since it affects the immune system severely, the cells and the workings of it in our body must be clearly understood. The immune system’s role in the body is that of a soldier wherein it identifies any sort of anomalies that enters or infiltrates the body and prepares antibodies against it. And kills them in order to prevent infection that has the probability of causing a harmful disease.

 

Since the cells of the immune system have already created the antibodies, the cell memory is activated when the entry occurs again and the immune system fights and destroys such foreign and harmful matter.

What Happens when HIV Enters the Body?

When a person is infected with the Human immunodeficiency virus, it directly attacks the immune system making the cells weak and incapable of creating antibodies for this particular virus. As they become weak their function to perform the task of defending against other microorganism entrants is also weakened.

 

When the fighter in our bodies becomes weak, we are more likely to fall ill. The illness can be a simple flu or an allergy and our body cannot fight any further. The symptoms once infected will start to appear within the first two weeks. The symptoms are very flu-like for instance, one will be more tired than usual and fatigue will be more frequent and regular. Other symptoms include sore throat and fever. The risk of opportunistic infections like tuberculosis and herpes also increases. Some people however remain asymptomatic even for longer periods after being infected with the virus.

Cause of HIV/AIDS

The main and only cause of this dreadful disease is the contact through blood, semen, pre-seminal fluid, vaginal fluids, rectal fluids and breast milk. The semen and vaginal fluids are transferred through sex and rectal fluids through anal sex. When people have multiple partners, and they have unprotected sex the transmission is highly likely. The contact through blood can also be via the unhygienic practice of sharing an infected person’s razors, blades. Even unsterilized syringes while taking drugs or even a tattoo parlor where they use unsterilized machines on the body can transmit the virus easily. The transmission means are endless so one must proceed with utmost caution to keep themselves safe either way.

 

What is the Life Expectancy for the Patients Carrying HIV or AIDs with Them?

Many factors can affect the life expectancy of people living with HIV. Depending on these factors there are many differences in the outcomes between people, and other factors. The factors on which life expectancy depend are:

  • Access to effective HIV treatment and quality health care.

  • Start HIV treatment as soon as possible after HIV infection, before your CD4 cell count drops to a low level. The sooner you are diagnosed and start HIV treatment, the better your long-term chances are.

  • Having serious HIV-related illnesses in the past. This may occur before HIV is diagnosed and/or before HIV treatment is started. These diseases have a detrimental effect on life expectancy.

  • Results one year after starting HIV treatment. Studies show that life expectancy is better for people who respond well within a year of starting treatment than people who do not respond. In particular, people with a CD4 count of at least 350 and an undetectable viral load during the year have a much better chance long-term.

  • Year of Diagnosis – HIV treatment and medical care have improved over the years. People who have been diagnosed in recent years are expected to live longer than people who were diagnosed long ago.

  • Heart diseases, liver diseases, cancer and other health conditions are more likely to be the cause of death than HIV or AIDs.

  • Injecting drug use – Life expectancy is short for people with HIV who inject drugs, due to drug overdose and viral infections.

  • Social and Economic Conditions – there are significant differences in life expectancy depending on where you grew up, your income, education, social status and more.

  • Gender – Men are supposed to live for a shorter period of time than women.

  • Genetics – you may have certain conditions if close relatives have.

  • Mental and Emotional Well-being – high levels of stress are associated with reduced life expectancy.

  • Lifestyle – longevity for people who eat a balanced diet, are physically active, maintain a healthy weight, avoid alcohol abuse or use drugs, and stay in touch with the community. Avoiding smoking is very important in life.

Myths

There are a few myths surrounding this disease. It is believed earlier that AIDS can spread even through contact or touch without any exchange of fluids. Like through a hug or just by being near the infected person. That myth has been debunked and it is absolutely untrue. One can freely hug an AIDS patient without worry.

 

The other one was when kissing, there is an exchange of saliva which is also a fluid and AIDS can spread through kissing, which also proved to be untrue. And HIV always means AIDS that is fatal was another rumor or myth, and this myth is proven wrong where many people have lived longer with HIV by medication and taking care of their health.

Prevention

There is no permanent cure yet for treating HIV/AIDS, so it is our responsibility to look out for ourselves. The way one can first prevent themselves from being infected is by getting vaccinated. It is important to get tested in your adult life if you have multiple sexual partners and also get your partner tested for the same. The other way is being monogamous. The most used form of prevention is having protected and safe sex and using condoms that creates a barrier for transmission. Do check for sterilized needles in case you decide to get a tattoo or injected.  Lessen the use of alcohol and drugs as that is anyway weakening and altering the immune system.

 

Conclusion

According to the estimates of the Indian government  2.40 million Indians are living with HIV wherein, the infected ones fall in the age group of 15-49, and 39 %of them that is 9,30,00 of them are women. The numbers are alarming and the rate of increase is not slowing down anytime soon. We as a country must break the traditions and conversations about sex should be open and safe. It is high time we lose our lives to this disease which can be prevented.

[English Notes] on Fundamental Rights Essay Pdf for Exam

The history of Fundamental Rights (which were lawfully enforceable) probably starts from the Magna Carta, which was a list of Rights extracted from King John by the people of England in 1214 AD. The most significant advancement in the history of Fundamental Rights occurred when through the first 10 amendments, the USA incorporated certain Fundamental Rights into its constitution in the form of the “Bill of Rights.” In this Essay on Fundamental Rights, we shall talk about the various Rights provided to Indian citizens and what they stand for.

Long Fundamental Rights Essay in English 

Fundamental Rights were borrowed from the constitution of the United States of America.

The constituent assembly of India adopted the constitution of India on 26th November 1949, which came into effect on 26th January 1950. It contains 395 Articles, 22 Parts, and 12 Schedules. Part III (Articles 12 to 35) of the Constitution of India consists of Rights which are essential for the overall development of individuals, are also termed as Fundamental Rights. Fundamental Rights are universal, that is, they apply to all the citizens of India irrespective of their race, birthplace, Religion, caste, gender or gender identity. Earlier there were seven Fundamental Rights, but later on the ‘Right to Property’ was abolished. Currently, we have six Fundamental Rights.

 

Right to Equality

The Right to EQuality is guaranteed by the constitution of India through articles 14 to 18 (of which article 14 is the most important). Right to EQuality refers to everyone being equal in the eyes of the law. It prohibits discrimination on the grounds of race, caste, creed etc by providing equal opportunity for employment. The article also abolishes untouchability and titles.

 

Right to Freedom

Articles 19 to 22 guarantee the Right to Freedom in the constitution of India. It guarantees all Indian citizens with Freedom of speech and expression; Freedom to assemble peacefully; Freedom for forming cooperative societies or unions or companies; Freedom to move freely in India; Freedom to reside or settle anywhere in India and the Freedom to practice any profession or carry on any occupation, trade or business of their choice. Although the government has the right to impose certain restrictions on these Freedoms in the interest of the sovereignty and integrity of India.

Right to Information has been given the status of a Fundamental right in 2005, under article 19(1) of the Indian Constitution.

 

Right Against Exploitation

Articles 23 and 24 guarantees the right against Exploitation and focuses mainly on two provisions. The first being the abolition of human trafficking and Begar (Forced Labour) and secondly, the abolition of employment of children under the age of 14 in jobs with a risky environment like factories, mines etc.

 

Right to Freedom of Religion

Articles 25 to 28 provide religious Freedom to all Indian citizens. The main objective of this right is to sustain secularism in our country. It assures that all Religions are equal in the eyes of the state and none of them is given preference over the other. It allows the citizens to preach, practise, and propagate the Religion of their choice. It also provides religious communities to set up charitable institutions.

 

Cultural and Educational Rights

Articles 29 and 30 provide every Indian citizen with Rights to education and cultures. It assures that every citizen gets equal opportunities in terms of education while giving minority communities the right to admission in colleges and universities without any discrimination. It also gives minority communities the right to establish Educational institutions to preserve and develop their culture.

 

Right to Constitutional Remedies

Articles 32 to 35 empowers all Indian citizens to move to the court of law whenever they are denied their Fundamental Rights. Article 32 is also termed as the citizens right to protect and defend the constitution as it allows the citizens to enforce the constitution through the judiciary.

The main objective of Right to Constitutional Remedies is to enforce Fundamental Rights.

 

Short Fundamental Rights Essay in English

Fundamental Rights are considered the Rights that are integral to the advancement of the human race. All other Rights are derived as direct consequences or application of their principles from such Rights. Among philosophers, it is an accepted belief that these Rights are nothing but “natural human Rights” that distinguish between humans and animals. So, these have played a rather important role in bringing humans all the way from the Stone Age to the present. It was regarded that such Rights were beyond the complexities of politics. The constitution’s protection meant that these Rights could not be put to the vote and were not dependent on politicians or the majority’s whims.

Why do we Need Fundamental Rights?

Such Rights are a safeguard for citizens against the government as it is necessary to have the rule of law and not a government or a person. These Rights do not dare to be transgressed by authority as they are explicitly given to the people by the Constitution. The courts are fully required to uphold these Rights and the government is answerable to the courts. After living in subjugation for so long, people have forgotten what liberty means. These Rights offer people the hope and belief that their growth will not be halted. They’re free from the rulers’ whims. These Rights are, in that sense, the first fruits of the long struggle for Freedom and bring a sense of satisfaction and accomplishment.

Even in Gulf countries or Communist countries, citizens are free. How is our liberty, then, different from theirs? A clear measure of how free we are in the list of Fundamental Rights. For example, every Indian citizen is free to practice a Religion of his choice, but that is not the case in Gulf countries. Our right to speech and expression enables us to criticize the government freely.

In conclusion, we can say that the Indian constitution was framed after a thorough analysis of all the constitutions in the world, and successfully incorporates all the good things existing in them.

Fundamental Rights Essay

Though the above content provided information about Fundamental Rights, it also gave you an outline of how an Essay should be written. 

The Essay on Fundamental Rights contained some information about the topic and talked about long and short Essays.

Students might find it difficult to understand how they shall proceed whenever asked to write on any topic. 

Since writing is a free form of expression and requires limited skills, there are no rules to it. But, in these times, when everything is advancing, you’re expected to be able to deliver the best content. 

To equip them with the relevant points, there are some tips listed below. 

Go through them and master the skill of writing, thereafter! 

  • Read and Understand the Prompt
    Before you can start writing, it is important for you to understand the prompt that you’re offered. Without comprehending what you’ve asked to do, your content would never be impactful. The best way to understand it is to dissect it into parts. You might also consider making a small flowchart that clearly defines the flow of ideas in your head. Students shall understand that it is better to spend the first few minutes planning and organising things than to present an unorganised and unclear content. This in no way means that you have to adopt a formulaic approach to it but just try to deliver the best that they can. 

  • Plan the Flow
    The next important thing for you to do is pen down the flow of points, as specific as the alphabet. Each point should have a ‘what next’ factor attached to it and that is how you can expect yourself to deliver higher Quality content. The importance of working in a planned and organised way is not unknown to any of us and that is what can help us move ahead with the ideas in our heads. Preparing a web with all the details is a great way to do it. 

  • Make a Rough Draft
    Brainstorming and organising all that you have inside your head related to a particular topic is a good way before you deliver. Students are advised to prepare a small, concise, rough draft of their topics. Drafts are often regarded as crappy stuff but the truth is that it makes you analyse and rethink whatever you’ve thought till then. And there’s where the new flow of ideas comes from. Make sure that your content is answering and giving the information of the prompt. 

  • Follow a Simple Format
    Students often think that complicating the format or using too many fancy words in a piece of content impresses the reader and that fetches you more marks. However, it doesn’t work this way. For good content, words must be easy to understand and they should always have a relatability factor attached so that it becomes easier for the audience to connect and understand whatever you are trying to convey. 

  • Proofread your Content
    Last but not least, the most important step to do before finalising the content is to proofread it. When we try to pen down things, we often make mistakes. However, reading it once again allows you to study it again and check for mistakes. In case that you’ve missed anything important, you can further review and add that piece of information too. It may take a little more time of yours but the results would be worth it.

[English Notes] on Essay on ‘Life’ for Students in English Pdf for Exam

Life is a single word with many different connotations and meanings. Above all, life is about more than just being; it’s also about how one defines that existence. As a result, it’s vital to think about life from several angles. Philosophers, academics, poets, and authors have written extensively about what it means to live and, more significantly, what are the essential elements that characterize one’s existence. This exercise has, of course, been done in a variety of ways. While philosophers sought to understand the meaning and purpose of people’s lives, poets and authors recorded the diversity of life at various times. As a result, life is likely to be more than exciting.

Life- Essay- Introduction

The adventure of living in the path of life. We are born, live our lives, and eventually pass away with time. We are attempting to shape our lives in this way. Everyone’s life is different. Some people have a lot of problems in life, while others do not. Those who have never faced adversity in their lives have one perspective on life. Those that struggle in life have a different perspective. Life is frequently described as priceless. The various ways in which people seek to save lives reveal this even more clearly.

Every day, doctors and scientists try to discover innovative treatments that will help people live longer lives. Life is full of both joys and disasters. The ups and downs of life are what they’re called. Without them, life is just a never-ending war that can be won at any time. To overcome one’s grief, it is necessary to find happiness in one’s life. Only then does life appear to be lovely? 

Students in Classes 1-6 can utilize this essay for their respective exams.0

[English Notes] on Essay on Sachin Tendulkar Pdf for Exam

India is a country where cricket is watched by many people. The 1983 Cricket world cup changed the perspective of many people in India. For others, cricket might just be a sport in which one team loses and the other wins but for us Indians cricket is everything and it has been followed by some crazy fans as a religion. We often hear the term ‘Cricket is a religion in India and Sachin is God’. No better statement can justify the status of cricket and Sachin Tendulkar in India. Though there were many great cricketers before Sachin Tendulkar, his transition story has inspired many people to work on their dreams. For a few people, he is a god and for others, he is the epitome of success on which the future of Indian cricket is the judge. Throughout his career of 30 years, he has accomplished wonders for the Indian cricket team and that is why many people worship him as the God of cricket. In this essay on Sachin Tendulkar, we will try to understand the life and the mindset of the greatest cricket player to have ever played the game.

Personal Details:

Full Name: Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar

Date of Birth: 24 April 1973

Nickname: Little Master, Master Blaster, God of cricket. 

Batting: Right-handed 

Role in the Cricket Team: Right-handed Batsmen 

First Test Debut: 15 November 1989 against Pakistan 

Last Test Match: 14 November 2013 against West Indies

Long Essay on Sachin Tendulkar

Who is Sachin Tendulkar?

Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar was born on 24 April 1973. His father’s name is Ramesh Tendulkar, who was a Marathi novelist who wrote many Marathi novels. His mother’s name is Rajni Tendulkar. Sachin is a former Indian cricket player who was also the captain of the Indian national team in many events. He is considered to be the greatest batsman in the history of Indian Cricket after Sir Donald George Bradman and Sir Vivian Richards. Sachin is the highest run-scorer in international cricket and he is the only player to have scored one hundred international centuries. He is also the first batsman to score a double a hundred in a One-day Internationals(ODI), he is also the player to complete more than 30,000 runs in international cricket and is also the holder of the record for the most runs in both Test and ODI cricket. Sachin Tendulkar retired from international cricket in 2013. He is often termed as the little Master or the Master Blaster by many fans on the field and off the field, he is considered to be the God of cricket because of his accomplishments.

Sachin Tendulkar’s Early Life and Career:

Sachin Tendulkar was born in a middle-class family and he was very interested in cricket. Sachin took up cricket at the age of eleven and was very popular due to the school tournaments. He came into the limelight with a performance at his school tournament where he played an innings which is considered to change his life. He held a record partnership of 664 runs with Vinod Kambli playing in a school tournament. That inning allowed the selectors to see the talent and it is considered to be the inning that changed Sachin’s life as he became famous in a fortnight. Because of that inning, people all around the country got to know about a 16 years old kid that bats till the bowlers collapse. The Indian cricket team selectors did not waste time in selecting him and before anyone could have imagined Sachin Tendulkar was selected for the series against Pakistan only at the age of 16.

On 15 November 1989, Sachin Tendulkar made his international debut against Pakistan in Karachi. Pakistan’s cricket team was known for its bowling during those days where the combo of Wasim Akram and Waqar Younis were considered to be the most dangerous bowling duo. But Sachin faced them gracefully and even made a few runs. A 16 years old boy was able to face the most feared bowlers of that time which opened the doors for him to be selected for future cricket matches and a chance to represent the Indian National team. Sachin Tendulkar in his autobiography has mentioned that the series against Pakistan was memorable to him as he got a chance to meet and learn to form his idols such as Kapil dev and Sunil Gavaskar.

The Rise of Sachin Tendulkar

During the years 1994-1999, Sachin Tendulkar was in his twenties and his performance was at its peak. He opened the batting against New Zealand in 1994 and made 84 runs from just 49 balls, He then went on and scored his first ODI century against Australia. It took him around 78 ODI’s to score his first century but it was worth the wait. During the1996 World Cup, Sachin went on and became the leading run-scorer in the tournament and he also scored two centuries during that tournament.

After the World cup tournament, Sachin played a great innings against Pakistan at Sharjah. Tendulkar made another century and also had the highest second-wicket partnership with Navjot Singh Sidhu. India then went on to win that match against Pakistan.

Sachin Tendulkar was again tested when India toured Australia in the year 1998. Tendulkar had scored three consecutive centuries before the Australian tournament; Shane Warne, the leg spinner had dismantled top-class batsmen before the tournament. All eyes were on the clash between Sachin Tendulkar, the Indians best batsman, and Shane Warne, Australia’s most feared spinner.

Tendulkar went on and scored an unbeaten 204 runs in the first test and also dismantled the bowling of Shane Warne where he conceded 111 runs to Tendulkar. Australia lost the match to India within three days and it was all because of the exceptional batting that a twenty years old had shown. The bad luck for Australia continued as Tendulkar went on and scored two consecutive centuries. The twin knocks by Sachin Tendulkar are known as the ‘Desert Storm’ as they allowed Tendulkar to show his supremacy to the world.

Sachin Tendulkar’s performance in the ICC 1998 quarterfinal at Dhaka paved the way for India’s entry into the semifinals in which he scored 141 runs and also took four Australian wickets. In March 1999, the inaugural Asian test championship was held between India, Pakistan, and Srilanka in which during the second test Tendulkar went on and scored his 19th international test century.

Sachin again showed his class in a Test against Pakistan at Chepauk in 1999, where he scored 136 in the fourth innings and made sure that India had a good start. Despite all his effort, India lost the match to Pakistan by 12 runs. During the 1999 Cricket World cup, Sachin faced a tragic loss as his father, Professor Ramesh Tendulkar passed away. Sachin flew back to India to attend the final rituals of his father which led him to miss the match against Zimbabwe. However, Sachin returned to the world cup and scored another century against Kenya. India went on and won the match. This shows the character that Sachin has for the country. Despite his father’s death, he was determined to make India win the match and progress further in the tournament.

During the 2003 Cricket World cup tournament, Sachin was the highest run-scorer where he scored 673 runs in 11 matches and helped India reach the final. In the final match, India lost the world cup to Australia but Sachin Tendulkar was given the man of the tournament award.

Sachin Tendulkar – The Opener

The main contribution of Sachin Tendulkar was the way he changed the opening of cricket. The Indian team was struggling with opening batsmen as many of them were unable to give India a good start against any teams. The whole scenario changed when Sachin was allowed to open the innings against New Zealand in 1992 and he made it count. After that match, he was the opening batsman for the Indian cricket team. Sachin Tendulkar became very good at opening innings which helped the Indian team to have a good start in the match. The major runs Sachin scored in ODI cricket is by opening the batting for India. India got an opening in the form of Sachin Tendulkar who was very good at scoring and helping to set the momentum for India.

India started to get a good start in the match because of the opening which Sachin provided. The opposition was always under pressure because of his opening as they had no answers to the world-class batting which Sachin showed in every match. One of the things that made Sachin great was his ability to score against a very good bowling unit. He was consistent in scoring hundreds against teams such as Australia, New Zealand, and England.  He is still the player to have the highest runs against mighty Australia. From 1990 through 2000 Australian cricket teams were considered to be invisible. Playing against Australia was considered to be a nightmare for many batsmen but Sachin, it was the same as scoring for any other team. He was able to tackle the toughest bowling unit and come out victorious.

Sachin Tendulkar and his Greatest Innings

There are many innings of Sachin Tendulkar that are remembered to this day. Some of his innings are:

  1. Sachin Tendulkar became the first batsman to score a double century in a one-day international match. In the year 2010, Sachin Tendulkar went on and scored 200 runs in just 147 balls against South Africa in Gwalior. That inning is remembered by many crickets as it showed the calibre of Sachin Tendulkar to the world.

  2. The second most memorable inning of Sachin Tendulkar was his knock against Pakistan in Rawalpindi where he scored 141 runs in just 135 balls. Despite Pakistan winning the match, Sachin Tendulkar was declared the man of the match.

  3. Before getting recognized by the world for his talent, Sachin Tendulkar played a school cricket tournament match where he had a 664 runs partnership with Vinod Kambli. Sachin was only 16 years old when he played that match and is considered to be the turning point in Sachin Tendulkar’s life.

 

Sachin Tendulkar and his Personal Life

On 24 May 1995, Sachin Tendulkar married Anjali Mehta who is a paediatrician and is of Gujarati origin. He had first met Anjali in 1990. They have a daughter by the name of Sara Tendulkar and a son by the name of Arjun Tendulkar who is also in the news because of his Indian premier league debut.

Sachin Tendulkar and his Retirement

On 10 October 2013, Sachin Tendulkar announced his retirement from all forms of cricket after a two-test match against the West Indies in November. The BCCI had arranged two farewell matches to be played at Kolkata and Mumbai. He scored 74 runs in his last test innings against West Indies and fell short of 79 runs to complete 16,000 runs in test cricket. The cricket association of Mumbai and Bengal had organised events to mark his retirement from the sport. Various politicians and international celebrities were present to witness the last inning of the master blaster.

Legacy of Sachin Tendulkar

Sachin Tendulkar was the perfect vehicle for heroism in new India. He had inspired many future cricket players such as Virat Kohli and MS Dhoni to pursue their careers in cricket. His career in test cricket started in 1989 when he was just 16 years olds and expanded in the 1990s. He was the poster boy who helped the Indian cricket team to be recognized by the world. Sachin Tendulkar is the first and the only batsman to score 100 international centuries. He was the first batsman to excel in all three formats of the game. He finished his career as the highest run-scorer in the history of test match cricket.

Short Sachin Tendulkar Essay

India is a country where cricket is treated like a religion and Sachin Tendulkar is the God of cricket. This is enough to justify the achievements of Sachin Tendulkar.

Sachin Tendulkar is considered to be one of the greatest cricketers of all time. He has millions of fans all around the world. During that time he was probably the only cricket player who was loved by other countries such as Pakistan, Australia, or Bangladesh. Sachin Tendulkar was born in the year 1973 on the 24th of April and had a Marathi background. His father’s name is Ramesh Tendulkar, who was a renowned Marathi novelist. His mother’s name is Rajni Tendulkar. Sachin Tendulkar met Anjali Mehta in the 1990s and married her in the year 1995. They have two children by the name of Sara Tendulkar and Arjun Tendulkar.

Sachin Tendulkar is known for his opening batting as it allowed India to solve a decades-old problem of not having good openers who could give India a head start against the opponents. Sachin Tendulkar was very good at opening the innings and this allowed him to stay at the crease for a longer time and score as many runs as he can. Sachin Tendulkar has been a part of some of the greatest Indian innings that the Indian cricket team has won. Whether it was the Sharjah innings, Gwalior now or his 200 runs in the single inning, he has given the memories of the fans that no one can forget for many years to come.

Because of his achievements, Sachin Tendulkar received the Arjuna Award in the year 1994. He also received the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award in 1997 which is considered to be the highest honour in the sports field. In the year 2008 Sachin received the Padma Bhushan award for his achievements in the field of cricket.

After the poor performance against the England team, Sachin Tendulkar announced his retirement from one-day international cricket and followed up by retiring from all forms of cricket in the year 2013. Sachin will be always remembered for his contribution to the game of cricket. He elevated the level of Indian cricket and inspired many future cricketing stars such as Virat Kohli, Prithvi Shah to pursue their career in cricket.

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[English Notes] on Waste Management Pdf for Exam

Waste Management or disposal includes processing and disposing of Waste starting right from its point of inception to complete disposal. Waste can be solid or liquid and sometimes even gas. It can be domestic, industrial, biomedical, municipal or radioactive Waste. Each different type of Waste has a specific disposal method and they can be classified as:

Recycle, Reduce, Re-use

The three R’s of Waste Management, i.e., Reduce reuse and Recycle should be followed at every place possible. These methods of Waste Management are mostly environment friendly and help avoid resorting to Waste Management measures like landfill and incineration that are harmful to humans as well as the environment.

There are numerous benefits of recycling. Recycling helps recover resources that can be used to make use of them in a different way. New products can be made by recycling general Waste. Solid Wastes like wood, glass, plastic, electronic devices, clothing and leather items can be Recycled. 

Wastes that are organic in nature can be Recycled and reused, often as manure or fertilizer for agriculture by the method of decomposition. Food scraps, plant products (such as cow dung) and carcasses, paper products are the most reusable for making manure.

Some Waste items that contain plastic such as polythene bags, bottles, pipes, etc. don’t decompose easily and can pile up as a landfill for many years, sometimes ending up in the ocean and killing animals who choke on them accidentally. The use of such products that are harmful to everyone should be Reduced. Alternative options have been developed to Reduce the use of plastic such as jute bags instead of polythene bags, paper straws and packaging to be used in place of those made of plastic are a few to name.