Category: Highway Engineering Objective Questions

250+ TOP MCQs on Stabilization of Soil Using Bituminous Materials and Answers

Highway Engineering Multiple Choice Questions on “Stabilization of Soil Using Bituminous Materials”.

1. What is the basic principle of bituminous stabilisation?
a) Water proofing
b) Cohesion
c) Water proofing with cohesion
d) Adhesion
Answer: c
Clarification: The principle of the bituminous stabilisation mix is to impart strength by cohesion and water proofing.

2. Which is the most commonly used bitumen?
a) Tar
b) VG 70
c) Cutbacks
d) VG 30
Answer: c
Clarification: The most commonly used bitumen is cutback and emulsion, depending on the requirements.

3. The bituminous layer can be used in which layer of the pavement in low rainfall areas?
a) Sub grade
b) Sub base
c) Base
d) Surface
Answer: d
Clarification: The bituminous stabilisation road can be used in the sub base, base and even surface course if there is low rainfall.

4. The soil not preferred in bituminous mix is __________
a) Sand
b) Clay
c) Gravel
d) Granite
Answer: b
Clarification: All the soils other than clay are having high permeability, high clay content is not desirable as it expands.

5. The increase in strength in soil may be seen at an age of __________
a) 3 days
b) 7 days
c) 28 days
d) 56 days
Answer: c
Clarification: The strength of the soil increases up to a certain limit and then decreases, but for clay it will increase if soaked for long period like 28 days.

6. The OMC of bitumen binder is taken as __________
a) 2%
b) 3%
c) 5%
d) 8%
Answer: c
Clarification: The OMC is usually considered based on experience, but it may be taken anywhere between 4 and 6%.

7. The stability of the bituminous mix is always __________
a) Greater than water content
b) Lesser than water content
c) Equal to water content
d) Can’t determine
Answer: a
Clarification: If a graph is drawn between the bitumen content and maximum dry density its stability is always greater than water content.

8. The higher compaction will result in __________
a) Less stability
b) Less strength
c) Less absorption of water
d) High absorption of water
Answer: c
Clarification: The higher resistance to the absorption of water can be achieved by the higher compaction effort.

9. The liquid limit of soil bitumen mix should be less than __________
a) 60%
b) 50%
c) 45%
d) 40%
Answer: d
Clarification: The liquid limit of the soil based on practical considerations should be less than 40%, it is even good if it is lesser.

10. The bitumen giving more better results is __________
a) Cutback
b) Emulsion
c) VG 30
d) VG 40
Answer: a
Clarification: The emulsion gives an inferior result when compared with the cutback, so the cutback is the most preferred bitumen.

250+ TOP MCQs on Hydraulic Design and Answers

Highway Engineering Multiple Choice Questions on “Hydraulic Design”.

1. The side drains and partially filled culverts are designed on the basis of ___________
a) Open channel flow
b) Hydrological analysis
c) Pavement geometry
d) Run off
Answer: a
Clarification: The partially filled culverts and side drains are designed on the basis of the open channel flow.

2. The continuity equation is given by __________
a) Q=KiA
b) Q=AV
c) Q=A/V
d) Q=AV2
Answer: b
Clarification: The continuity equation is given by Q=AV, where A is the area and v is the allowable velocity.

3. The desirable velocity for sand and silt are __________
a) 0.2m/second
b) 0.5 m/second
c) 0.7 m/second
d) 0.9 m/second
Answer: b
Clarification: The desirable velocity for the silt and sand is 0.3 to 0.5 m/second.

4. The discharge in m3/sec for a surface drainage of 100 m2 and a velocity of 5 m/second is?
a) 5
b) 50
c) 500
d) 0.5
Answer: c
Clarification: Q=AV
Q=100*5
Q=500 m3/sec.

5. The roughness coefficient is assumed in __________
a) Chezys formula
b) Manning’s formula
c) Heigen poiuselles equation
d) Continuity equation
Answer: b
Clarification: The roughness coefficient is a constant for different types of materials, and it is assumed in Manning’s formula.

6. The hydraulic radius is given by __________
a) A/P
b) P/A
c) PA
d) A+P
Answer: a
Clarification: The hydraulic radius is the ratio of wetted area and wetted perimeter.

7. What is the maximum value of Manning’s coefficient for soil with heavy vegetation?
a) 0.1
b) 0.2
c) 0.3
d) 0.4
Answer: a
Clarification: The maximum value of the Manning’s coefficient for the soil with heavy vegetation is 0.1.

8. The total time for inlet flow and flow along the drain is given by __________
a) T1+T2
b) T1T2
c) T1/T2
d) T1-T2
Answer: a
Clarification: The total time duration of the inlet flow and flow of the drainage is the sum of both the times.

9. If the depth of a trapezoidal section is 0.50 m and free board is 0.15 m, then the total depth is?
a) 0.35 m
b) 0.65 m
c) 0.50 m
d) 0.15 m
Answer: b
Clarification: The total depth is the sum of both the depth and free board provided
d=0.50+0.15
d=0.65m.

10. The time of flow in minutes for a longitudinal drain of 400 m and with a velocity of 0.8 m/sec is?
a) 6.33
b) 7.33
c) 8.33
d) 9.33
Answer: c
Clarification: The time of flow=L/V
T=400/(0.8*60)
T=8.33 mins.

250+ TOP MCQs on Geometric Design of Highways and Answers

Highway Engineering Multiple Choice Questions on “Geometric Design of Highways”.

1. The design of horizontal and vertical alignments, super elevation, gradient is worst affected by ___________
a) Length of vehicle
b) Width of vehicle
c) Speed of vehicle
d) Height of vehicle
Answer: c
Clarification: All the geometric design features are worst affected by velocity of the vehicle only.

2. The most raised portion of the pavement is called ___________
a) Super elevation
b) Camber
c) Crown
d) Kerb
Answer: c
Clarification: The most elevated or the highest portion of a pavement is called as a crown, whereas camber is the portion that is raised for drainage purposes.

3. The extra width of pavement is provided on ___________
a) Horizontal curve
b) Width of pavement
c) Length of pavement
d) Super elevation
Answer: a
Clarification: Extra width of the pavement is provided on horizontal curve to avoid the skidding, if the vehicle negotiates the curve then the centrifugal force will act towards outside and there is a chance of skidding, to avoid this extra width is provided.

4. Transition curve is introduced in ___________
a) Horizontal curve
b) Circular curve
c) Between horizontal curve and circular curve
d) Vertical curve
Answer: c
Clarification: A transition curve is introduced between horizontal curve and circular curve, the transition curve slowly introduces the centrifugal acceleration to avoid the danger of skidding.

5. The most important factor that is required for road geometrics is ___________
a) SSD
b) OSD
c) ISD
d) Speed of vehicle
Answer: d
Clarification: The road user characteristics, traffic and vehicular characteristics mostly influence the road geometric design but the most important factor is the speed of vehicle.

6. The design speed of NH on a cross slope of up to 10% is ___________
a) 100kmph
b) 80kmph
c) 60kmph
d) 50kmph
Answer: a
Clarification: The ruling speed up to a cross slope of 10% is 100kmph; it decreases with an increase in increase of cross slope.

7. A part of pavement raised with respect to one side keeping the other side constant is called ___________
a) Footpath
b) Kerb
c) Super elevation
d) Camber
Answer: c
Clarification: The super elevation is a portion of pavement raised on outer edge with respect to inner edge or both edges raised with respect to centre.

8. The main purpose of providing camber is ___________
a) To collect storm water
b) To maintain equilibrium
c) To follow IRC specifications
d) To follow geometric specifications
Answer: a
Clarification: During the rainy season the roads are usually flooded with water so to keep the pavement dry they have to be drained off so the road is provided with a camber.

9. The legal axle load of the design vehicle used in India is?
a) 1.6 tonne
b) 8.2 tonne
c) 16.2 tonne
d) 32.4 tonne
Answer: b
Clarification: The legal axle load used for the design of pavements is 8.2 tonnes; usually they are expressed in MSA (million standard axles).

10. In India, the type of traffic assumed to design pavements is?
a) Low traffic
b) Heavy traffic
c) Mixed traffic flow
d) Very low traffic
Answer: c
Clarification: In India generally there is always a mixed traffic flow except during midnight hours and early morning hours, so the designer has to assume mixed traffic flow only.

250+ TOP MCQs on Pedestrian Facilities and Answers

Highway Engineering Multiple Choice Questions on “Pedestrian Facilities”.

1. The road traffic consists of how many types of traffic?
a) Vehicle traffic
b) Pedestrian traffic
c) Vehicular and pedestrian traffic
d) No traffic
Answer: c
Clarification: The road traffic consists of both vehicular traffic and pedestrian traffic.

2. Which of the following is not a consequence of pedestrian using roadway?
a) Reduction in effective roadway
b) Reduction in running speed
c) Reduction in capacity of road
d) Increase of zebra crossings
Answer: d
Clarification: Zebra crossings are meant only for a crossing of pedestrians, it is not related to roadway.

3. In which type of transport, walk mode is mandatory?
a) Personal vehicles
b) Public transport
c) Ships
d) Airways
Answer: b
Clarification: Mostly in public transport like bus and metros, walking is mandatory for a long distance.

4. What is the most vulnerable part of the traffic?
a) Traffic jam
b) Vehicles
c) Pedestrians
d) Cattle
Answer: c
Clarification: Pedestrians are the most vulnerable part of traffic and they should be treated with the utmost care.

5. What is the main objective of the pedestrian facility?
a) To minimize the pedestrian conflicts
b) To minimize the traffic conflicts
c) To minimize the traffic on road
d) To maximize the pedestrians on road
Answer: a
Clarification: The main objective of the pedestrian facility is to minimize pedestrian conflicts caused by vehicles.

6. The studies that are conducted for planning the facilities of pedestrians is called __________
a) Pedestrian studies
b) Pedestrian volume studies
c) Geometric studies
d) Statistics
Answer: b
Clarification: The studies that are conducted for planning the facilities of pedestrians are called pedestrian volume studies.

7. The width requirement of side walk depends on __________
a) Pedestrian flow
b) Traffic flow
c) Pedestrian and traffic flow
d) Climatic conditions
Answer: a
Clarification: The width requirement of side walk depends on the pedestrian flow of that area, traffic doesn’t travel on footpath and climate doesn’t affect the pedestrian but affects the design.

8. The pedestrian facilities are planned for __________
a) Present requirement
b) Estimated growth of population
c) Past population
d) Both present and past requirements
Answer: b
Clarification: The facilities like footpath and sidewalks are planned for the future estimated population.

9. What is the minimum width of side walk?
a) 1.0m
b) 1.5m
c) 1.75m
d) 2.0m
Answer: b
Clarification: The minimum width of side walk is considered as 1.5m it may be more depending on the requirement.

10. The width requirement of side walk is decided with the help of __________
a) Pedestrians
b) Vehicles
c) Pedestrian flow
d) Vehicular flow
Answer: c
Clarification: The width requirement of side walk is decided with the help of pedestrian flow, its width is decided based on pedestrian flow.

11. The dead width usually considered as __________
a) 0.5m
b) 1.0m
c) 1.5m
d) 2.0m
Answer: b
Clarification: The dead width usually is considered as 1.0m and in shopping areas it may be more, it is a width which is not mostly used, usually left for a setback.

12. If the side walk is 1.5m, then the capacity of pedestrians in one way is __________
a) 1200
b) 800
c) 1600
d) 2400
Answer: a
Clarification: If the side walk is 1.5m, then the capacity of pedestrians in one way is 1200, it increases with increase in the width.

13. The cross slope of paved footpath may be __________
a) 1 to 2%
b) 2 to 3%
c) 3 to 4%
d) 4% only
Answer: c
Clarification: The cross slope of footpath may be 3 to 4% and in unpaved it may be 4 to 6%.

14. Which of the following is a controlled type of pedestrian crossing?
a) Pavement marking
b) Studs
c) Warning signs
d) Pedestrian signals
Answer: d
Clarification: Pedestrian signals are a type of traffic signals used to control the pedestrian traffic, warning signals are for traffic.

15. The approach velocity as per IRC for pedestrian crossing facilities is __________
a) 60kmph
b) 65kmph
c) 70kmph
d) 75kmph
Answer: b
Clarification: The approach velocity as per IRC is considered as 65kmph, for the safety of pedestrians but it may depend varying on the conditions.

250+ TOP MCQs on Flexible Pavement Design Method – 2 and Answers

Highway Engineering online test on “Flexible Pavement Design Method – 2”.

1. The heavy commercial vehicles are considered if their weight exceeds __________
a) 3.0 t
b) 4.0 t
c) 5.0 t
d) 6.0 t
Answer: a
Clarification: The HCV are used to study the pavement design if their weight exceeds 3 tonnes.

2. Axle load studies are carried out on a minimum sample of __________
a) 10%
b) 15%
c) 20%
d) 25%
Answer: c
Clarification: The minimum sample size of axle load considered in India is 20%.

3. The overlay design is laid for a maximum life span of __________
a) 5 years
b) 7 years
c) 9 years
d) 10 years
Answer: d
Clarification: The maximum life span of an overlay design is 10 years, it may be also 5 years for small roads.

4. What is the most commonly used overlay?
a) Flexible over rigid
b) Rigid over flexible
c) Flexible over flexible
d) Rigid over rigid
Answer: c
Clarification: The most commonly used overlay is flexible over flexible, rigid over flexible and rigid over rigid are also used but flexible is the most preferred and used pavement.

4. The average vehicles considered for pavement studies are __________
a) 150
b) 1500
c) 150 to 1500
d) 15000
Answer: c
Clarification: The commercial vehicles per day are considered as 150 to 1500 for pavement design studies.

5. The VDF of a lane if the CVPD is greater than 1500 in plain terrain is?
a) 4.5
b) 2.5
c) 3.0
d) 4.0
Answer: a
Clarification: The VDF in plain terrain is 4.5 if the CVPD is greater than 1500, it mainly depends on the commercial vehicle and terrain.

6. The VDF in hilly terrain for CVPD less than 1500 is?
a) 1
b) 1.5
c) 2.0
d) 2.5
Answer: b
Clarification: The VDF in hilly terrain is less than that in plain and rolling terrain so it is 1.5, because hill roads don’t have traffic as plain terrain.

7. The depth of rutting criterion is obtained by __________
a) Micro strain
b) Macro strain
c) Traffic
d) Elasticity modulus
Answer: a
Clarification: Based on research the rutting criterion depends on the vertical strain on sub grade, which is responsible for developing cracks.

8. The lane distribution factor on undivided roads with single lane carriage way is __________
a) 0.5
b) 1
c) 1.5
d) 2
Answer: b
Clarification: The lane distribution factor is assumed as 1 on an undivided road with single carriage way.

9. The least lane distribution factor value is least for __________
a) Single lane
b) Double lane
c) Three lanes
d) Four lanes
Answer: d
Clarification: The least lane distribution factor is least for four lane highway which is 0.45, because any vehicle can move in it’s own lane and is independent so it is less.

10. The joint filling sand should have fines are __________
a) 75 microns
b) 85 microns
c) 95 microns
d) 100 microns
Answer: a
Clarification: The joint filling sand should have passed 2.36 mm and fines should pass 75 microns to be used in highway construction.

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250+ TOP MCQs on Special Problems in Soil Stabilization Work and Answers

Highway Engineering Multiple Choice Questions on “Special Problems in Soil Stabilization Work”.

1. How many types of challenges are encountered in bitumen stabilisation?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Answer: c
Clarification: The major problems are choice of stabilisation, design mix and thickness of layer.

2. The final choice of stabilisation technique is based on __________
a) Labour
b) Material
c) Equipment
d) Cost
Answer: d
Clarification: Though all the equipment, labour and materials are equally important, the final factor is cost.

3. The flexural strength is based on __________
a) IRC
b) Plate test
c) CBR
d) Shear
Answer: c
Clarification: The most commonly used method for testing the strength of the flexible pavement.

4. The mix design should take into consideration is?
a) Stability
b) Durability
c) Stability and durability
d) Age
Answer: c
Clarification: The mix should take into consideration, the stability and durability requirements, strength is also equally important.

5. The modification factor used in base course thickness is called __________
a) Granite equivalence
b) Gravel equivalence
c) Sand equivalence
d) Soil equivalence
Answer: b
Clarification: In the thickness of the pavement layer the mix can’t be designed directly, so it needs some factor which is called equivalence factor.

6. The colloidal content in BC soils can be up to __________
a) 20%
b) 30%
c) 40%
d) 50%
Answer: d
Clarification: The colloidal content in the soil may be up 50%, which is an undesirable property for pavement.

7. What is the shrinkage limit value in BC soil?
a) 0%
b) 9%
c) 15%
d) 16%
Answer: c
Clarification: The BC soils have a less shrinkage limit value from 10% to 15 %, which is a very high value, whereas in sand and silt they don’t exist.

8. The cement content required for BC soil is __________
a) High
b) Very high
c) Low
d) Very low
Answer: b
Clarification: The cement content required for the cement is 15 to 25%, so it is not advisable to directly stabilize with cement.

9. The desert sand is __________
a) Strong
b) Weak
c) Normal
d) Unfit for pavements
Answer: b
Clarification: The sand in the desert is very huge and non availability of water is a major problem in the desert, and desert sand is very less stable, hence suitable stabilisation should be done.

10. The water content in the emulsion is about __________
a) 10%
b) 20%
c) 30%
d) 40%
Answer: d
Clarification: The emulsion in the mix consists of 40% of water, hence it is used for stabilisation of desert sand.