Category: Software Architecture & Design Objective Questions

Software Design Multiple Choice Questions on “Engineering Design Principles”.

1. Why does software engineering design shares many design principles?
a) Common design goal of creating high quality design
b) For expansion of product lifetime
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Both of the mentioned statements are valid reasons for the existence of many design principles.

2. Why are the design principles considered unique?
a) They are characteristic of well constructed programs
b) They are robust
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: Design principles are unique because they are characteristic of well constructed programs.

3. Which among these is the primary goal for software engineering design?
a) To specify the structure of program satisfying software product specification
b) To specify the behavior of program satisfying software product specification
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: The primary goal of design is to specify the structure as well as the behavior of program satisfying software product specification.

4. What is true about good programs?
a) Good program must have certain characteristic at delivery and must be maintainable during time
b) A good program at delivery must satisfy its requirements
c) A good program must conform to its design constraints
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All the mentioned factors are considered for a program to be good.

5. What is the principle of feasibility?
a) A Design is acceptable only when it is realized
b) Designs that make easier to change are better
c) Designs that can be built for less money, in less time with less risk are better
d) Designs that can meet more stakeholder needs and desired subject to constraints are better

Answer: a
Clarification: Principle of feasibility states that a design is acceptable only when it is realized.

6. Which principle states the following “Designs that make easier to change are better”?
a) Principle of Feasibility
b) Principle of Economy
c) Principle of Changeability
d) Principle of Adequacy

Answer: c
Clarification: Principle of changeability states that Designs that make easier to change are better.

7. What is the principle of adequacy?
a) A Design is acceptable only when it is realized
b) Designs that make easier to change are better
c) Designs that can be built for less money, in less time with less risk are better
d) Designs that can meet more stakeholder needs and desired subject to constraints are better

Answer: d
Clarification: Principle of adequacy states that, Designs that can meet more stakeholder needs and desired subject to constraints are better.

8. What is the principle of the economy?
a) A Design is acceptable only when it is realized
b) Designs that make easier to change are better
c) Designs that can be built for less money, in less time with less risk are better
d) Designs that can meet more stakeholder needs and desired subject to constraints are better

Answer: c
Clarification: Principle of economy states that, Designs that can be built for less money, in less time with less risk are better.

9. Which of these does a good design follow?
a) A good design should specify a program that can be built, tested and deployed on time
b) A good design should be concluded in its budget
c) A good design can vary risk
d) A good design should specify a program that can be built, tested and deployed on time and within its budget

Answer: d
Clarification: A good design should specify a program that can be built, tested and deployed on time and within its budget.

10. Which is true among the following?
a) Design Principles state desirable design characteristics based on meeting stakeholder needs and desires
b) Basic design principles are evaluative criteria that state characteristics of good design
c) Constructive Design principles state desirable engineering design characteristics based on past software development experience
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Design principles are evaluative criteria that state characteristics of good design whereas basic design principles state desirable design characteristics based on meeting stakeholder needs and desires.

Software Design Problems on “Designing with State Diagrams”.

1. Finite automata can be divided into which of the following groups?
a) Acceptors or recognizers
b) Transducers
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Finite automata can be divided into the following groups – acceptors or recognizers and transducers.

2. What is a Recognizer?
a) Finite automata that both respond to events and generate actions
b) Finite automata that respond to events but generate no actions
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: Finite automata that both respond to events and generate actions are called transducers and finite automata that respond to events but generate no actions are called acceptors, or recognizers.

3. What is a transducer?
a) Finite automata that both respond to events and generate actions
b) Finite automata that respond to events but generate no actions
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: Finite automata that both respond to events and generate actions are called transducers and finite automata that respond to events but generate no actions are called acceptors, or recognizers.

4. What among these follows acceptor model?
a) They often model the behavior of small software modules
b) A common use of models is to design a lexical analyzer, which is a program component that transforms a character stream into a stream of tokens, which are symbols recognized by the program
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Acceptors often model the behavior of small software modules and a common use of acceptors is to design a lexical analyzer, which is a program component that transforms a character stream into a stream of tokens, which are symbols recognized by the program.

5. Which of these represents Transducers?
a) They can be used to model state-based behavior throughout software design
b) In product design, they model the state-based behavior of entire products
c) They are also useful for modeling software components
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: Transducers can be used to model state-based behavior throughout software design. In product design, transducers model the state-based behavior of entire products and transducers are also useful for modeling software components.

6. What are dialog maps?
a) It is a state diagram whose nodes represent user interface state
b) They are thus used to model user interface behavior
c) They are not useful for modeling software components
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: Dialog Map is a state diagram whose nodes represent user interface state and they are used to model user interface behavior

7. What is a user interface diagram?
a) It is a drawing of (part of) a product’s visual display when it is in a particular state
b) It is a note attached to a line or arrow picking out part of a diagram
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: A user interface diagram is a drawing of (part of) a product’s visual display when it is in a particular state and a callout is a note attached to a line or arrow picking out part of a diagram.

8. What is callout?
a) It is a drawing of (part of) a product’s visual display when it is in a particular state
b) It is a note attached to a line or arrow picking out part of a diagram
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: A user interface diagram is a drawing of (part of) a product’s visual display when it is in a particular state and a callout is a note attached to a line or arrow picking out part of a diagram.

9. What are the specifications of user interface should satisfy?
a) Every user interface diagram should specify the visual form of a state in a dialog map
b) Every state in a dialog map should have its visual form specified by a user interface diagram
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Every user interface diagram should specify the visual form of a state in a dialog map and every state in a dialog map should have its visual form specified by a user interface diagram are the conditions that should be satisfied.

10. Which of the following are the uses for Dialog maps?
a) Dialog maps are useful whenever the behavior of a program’s user interface is under study
b) They can be used to help elicit stakeholder needs and desires and to model them to make sure they are well understood and documented
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Dialog maps are useful whenever the behavior of a program’s user interface is under study and they can be used to help elicit stakeholder needs and desires and to model them to make sure they are well understood and documented.

Software Architecture Multiple Choice Questions on “Architecture and Quality Attribute”.

1. The quality attributes can be calculated under which of the following measures?
a) Observable
b) Non observable
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: The quality attributes can be calculated under-observable and non observable.

2. Which of the following can be included under observable measure?
a) How well the system during execution satisfy its behavioral requirements?
b) How easy it is to integrate?
c) How easy it is to test and modify?
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: Rest others are non observable measures.

3. Which of the following can be included under Non observable measure?
a) How well the system during execution satisfy its behavioral requirements?
b) Does the system functions as desired when connected to other systems?
c) How easy it is to test and modify?
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Rest others are observable measures.

4. Which of the following is a correct statement?
a) A highly modifiable system produces correct results
b) A highly modifiable system does not produces correct results
c) A highly modifiable system may or may not produces correct results
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: A highly modifiable system may or may not produces correct results.

5. Which of the following is considered incorrect with respect to the quality?
a) Architecture is critical to the realization of many of the qualities of interest in a system
b) All qualities are architecturally sensitive
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: Some of the qualities are not architecturally sensitive.

6. What can stated about Modifiability?
a) Modifiability can not be considered largely architectural
b) Modifiability can never be determined by how functionality is divided
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: Modifiability is always considered largely architectural, Modifiability can be determined by how functionality is divided.

7. What can be stated with regards to performance?
a) Performance is an example of architectural and non architectural dependencies
b) Performance depends partially on how much communication is necessary between the components
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: All of the mentioned is true with respect to the performance.

8. What effect does achievement of quality attribute will have?
a) The achievement of quality attribute will always have a positive effect
b) The achievement of quality attribute will always have a negative effect
c) The achievement of quality attribute will have a positive as well as negative effect
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: The achievement of quality attribute will have a positive as well as negative effect.

9. What is the main technique for achieving portable software?
a) The main technique for achieving portable software is to isolate system dependency
b) The main technique for achieving portable software is to increase the overall performance
c) The main technique for achieving portable software is to have independent platform dependency
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: The main technique for achieving portable software is to isolate system dependency.

10. By what methods quality attributes can be judged?
a) Qualities that can be discerned by observing the system execute
b) Qualities directly attributable to the system
c) Qualities about the architecture itself that are important
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned are the methods for judging quality attributes.

Software Architecture Multiple Choice Questions on “Review Techniques”.

1. Which are the different types of review techniques used?
a) Scenario based
b) Checklist based
c) Metrics
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned are different types of review techniques used.

2. What are the different types of evaluation in which simulations and prototypes are addressed?
a) Generality
b) Level of Detail
c) Phase
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned are different types of evaluation in which simulations and prototypes are addressed.

3. Which of the technique is known for its specific interaction between stakeholder and system?
a) Scenario based
b) Checklist based
c) Metrics
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: Scenario based techniques are well known for its specific interaction between stakeholder and system.

4. What is a Questionnaire?
a) It is a list of general and relatively open questions that apply to all architectures
b) It is a detailed set of questions that is developed after much experience evaluating a common set of system
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: A Questionnaire is a list of general and relatively open questions that apply to all architectures.

5. What is Checklist?
a) It is a list of general and relatively open questions that apply to all architectures
b) It is a detailed set of questions that is developed after much experience evaluating a common set of system
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: Checklist is a detailed set of questions that is developed after much experience evaluating a common set of system.

6. Which of the following is correct?
a) Checklist tend to be much less focused on particular qualities of the system
b) Checklist tend to be much more focused on particular qualities of the system
c) Checklist tend to be much lenient on particular qualities of the system
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: Checklist tend to be much more focused on particular qualities of the system.

7. Which kind of generality techniques are used for simulation?
a) General Purpose
b) Domain Specific
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Two entries are possible for Generality-General Purpose and Domain Specific.

8. Which of the following kind of entries are included for Level of Detail?
a) Three
b) Two
c) Four
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: There are three kinds of entries included-Course, Medium and fine.

9. Which of the Entries are possible for Phase?
a) Coarse, Medium and Fine
b) Early, Middle and Post deployment
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: The Entries possible for phase are Early, Middle and Post deployment.

10. Which of the following questions that could be answered during a review?
a) The Question has to do with architecture as an artifact or product?
b) The Question Looks for the process of creating and using the architecture for development
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: All of the mentioned are the questions that are to be answered during a review.

Software Architecture Multiple Choice Questions on “Open Systems”.

1. What is Open System?
a) To describe a state of being
b) To describe a system that is open to inclusion of many products from many resources
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Open Systems describes a system that is open to inclusion of many products from many resources and its state of being.

2. Open system has interface specification consists which of the following ?
a) Fully defined
b) Available to public
c) Maintained according to group consensus
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned are included in interface specifications.

3. Which of the following is incorrect?
a) The components interface specifications can be available to selected group of people
b) Anyone is free to obtain a copy of specification
c) It should not be exclusively under control of single vendor
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: The components interface specifications can not be available to selected group of people.

4. The benefits of open systems includes which of the following?
a) Reduced reliance on proprietary products
b) More competition leading to lower cost
c) Better tested products
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned are benefits of open systems.

5. Which of the following are concerns involving open systems?
a) Reduced reliance on proprietary products
b) Failure to meet performance requirements
c) Support problems
d) Failure to meet performance requirements & Support problems

Answer: d
Clarification: The concerns involved are mentioned above.

6. Which of the following is necessary for building an open systems?
a) A system vision
b) A common architecture
c) The use of standards and standard based implementation
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned are necessary for building an open systems.

7. What are the factors to create an open system architecture?
a) An organization must be keenly aware Of the marketplace
b) The trends in the marketplace
c) The mechanisms that the organization can use to influence trends
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned factors are used to create system architecture.

8. Which of the following concern is related to conformance and certification problems?
a) Plug and play implies sort of adherence to interface agreement
b) It is often necessary to keep up with component upgrades
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: For conformance and certification problems-Plug and play implies sort of adherence to interface agreement.

9. Which of the following concern is related to Continued investment?
a) Plug and play implies sort of adherence to interface agreement
b) It is often necessary to keep up with component upgrades
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: For continued investment- It is often necessary to keep up with component upgrades.

10. Which of the following signifies better tested products?
a) Open systems allows system buyers to obtain components from variety of sources
b) True plug and play mechanism results to reduced costs
c) More users working to find the problems
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Better tested products are resulted when there are more users working to find the problems.

Software Design Multiple Choice Questions on “Software Design Management”.

1. Why there is a need for Software management?
a) Software development is complex and expensive
b) It is done with few people with fixed skills and abilities
c) It is not time consuming
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: Software development is carried on with group of people with varying skills.

2. Which of these is wrong in terms of definition?
a) Planing is formulating scheme for doing project
b) Organizing is directing people doing project work
c) Project is one time effort to achieve a particular goal for organization
d) Staffing is filing the positions in an organizational structure

Answer: b
Clarification: Leading is directing people organizing is structuring entities and assigning responsibilities.

3. Which of these is not project development activity?
a) Planning
b) Organizing
c) Operating
d) Tracking

Answer: c
Clarification: Operating is a business activity in contrast to rest of them.

4. Which of these comes under business activities?
a) Project
b) Operations
c) Planning
d) Project & Operations

Answer: d
Clarification: planning is development activity and not business activity.

5. Which of these terms have its role in project planning?
a) Schedule
b) Milestone
c) Estimation
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of these have its role for planning.

6. What fails a project?
a) Lack of anticipation of resources to accomplish tasks
b) Problems faced by rules governing project
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Both the issues fails the project

7. What makes tracking activity more essential?
a) No need to follow rules
b) It schedules, estimates and follows resource allocation
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: It revisits and follows rules.

8. What are decompositions for design project?
a) Analysis : Design Problem
b) Resolution : Product specifications
c) Resolution : Detailed design
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: A Design project is decomposed to all of these.

9. Risk Analysis is an orderly process for __________
a) Identification of Risks
b) Understanding Risks
c) Assessing Risks
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: Risk analysis follows all of these.

10. Why is Design a Driving Activity?
a) Design work extends from start of development to coding
b) The two major products of designs are SRS and design document
c) Design extends to project management
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: Design is said to be the driving factor, because of all of these reasons.