Category: Software Architecture & Design Objective Questions

Software Design Multiple Choice Questions on “UML Deployment Diagrams”.

1. Which of the following statement is true?
a) A logical architecture is the realization of product as code and data files residing and executing on computational resource
b) A physical architecture is the configuration of product’s major constituents
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: A physical architecture is the realization of product as code and data files residing and executing on computational resource whereas, A logical architecture is the configuration of product’s major constituents

2. Which among these are the common notations for deployment diagrams?
a) Artifacts and nodes
b) Stereotypes
c) Components
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: Artifacts and nodes are the common factors used for the deployment diagram.

3. Which of the following statement is true?
a) A UML artifact is any physical representation of data used or produced during software development or software product operation
b) A node is a computational resource
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: All of the mentioned options are true definitions of the notations.

4. Which of these are types of nodes used in the deployment diagram?
a) Device
b) Execution Environment
c) Artifact
d) Device & Execution Environment

Answer: d
Clarification: The two types of nodes are the Device and execution environment.

5. Which are the ways to represent nodes in a deployment diagram?
a) Nodes instances are underlined identifiers of the form name:type
b) The name may be left off, indicating an unnamed instance of the type
c) The type may be left off, indicating a named instance with an unspecified type
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the above are the ways in which a node can be represented in a deployment diagram.

6. What does a deployment diagram consists of?
a) Computational resource
b) Communication path between resource
c) Artifacts that execute resource
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: A deployment diagram consists of all the mentioned options.

7. Which of the following is incorrect in the deployment diagram?
a) Communication connections between nodes are shown by communication paths
b) Communication paths are represented by dotted lines
c) Artifacts are deployed inside nodes where they reside and execute
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: Communication paths are represented by solid lines and not dotted lines.

8. Which of these is correct?
a) Artifacts instances and types have same names
b) Artifact names and instances are underlines
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: Artifacts names are underlined but instances are not.

9. What is true about the artifacts?
a) An Artifact is a physical entity
b) An artifact has spatio temporal location
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: All of the mentioned options

10. What are the ways in which artifacts can be deployed?
a) Artifact symbol can be placed within node symbol
b) The artifact symbol can appear outside the node but be attached to it by dependency arrow from the artifact
c) Artifact name can be listed inside the node symbol
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the above are the ways in which an artifact can be deployed.

Software Design Multiple Choice Questions on “Patterns in Software Design”.

1. Why are Patterns important?
a) They capture expert design knowledge
b) They make captured design accessible to both novices and other experts
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Patterns are important because they capture expert design knowledge and make it accessible to both novices and other experts.

2. What benefits does patterns provide?
a) Novice designers can benefit from learning solution patterns that experts use, without needing design experience
b) Expert designers can benefit from studying patterns too: They can broaden their repertoire of patterns and deepen their understanding of the patterns they already know
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Novice designers can benefit from learning solution patterns that experts use, without needing design experience whereas Expert designers can benefit from studying patterns too: They can broaden their repertoire of patterns and deepen their understanding of the patterns they already know.

3. What benefits does patterns provide?
a) Promoting Communication
b) Streamlining Documentation
c) Increasing Development Efficiency
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: Patterns provide all the mentioned benefits.

4. Which of the following Choices and standardizes patterns for a problem domain promotes software reuse and, hence, quality and productivity?
a) Promoting Communication
b) Streamlining Documentation
c) Increasing Development Efficiency
d) Supporting Software Reuse

Answer: d
Clarification: Supporting Software Reuse-Choosing and standardizing patterns for a problem domain promotes software reuse and, hence, quality and productivity.

5. Which among the following are the arguments made by Alexander?
a) Good building design patterns are consequences of human anatomy,psychology, physiology, sociology, and politics and so are things in the world that can be discovered and verified
b) Great architecture has always relied on patterns, but they have never been studied systematically
c) Anyone can make great buildings once the patterns are known and understood
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned arguments are made by Alexander.

6. Which of these are the part of 253 patterns in pattern book by Alexander?
a) Four-Story Limit
b) South-Facing Outdoors
c) Warm Colors
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned are the part of 253 patterns in pattern book by Alexander.

7. What is a pattern?
a) It is a model proposed for imitation
b) It solves a software design problem
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: A pattern is a model proposed for imitation and A software design pattern is a model proposed for imitation in solving a software design problem.

8. Which among these are the design patterns?
a) Architectural Styles and Programming Idioms
b) Mid-Level Design Patterns
c) Data Structures and Algorithms
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned are the design patterns.

9. Which design pattern focus on the design patterns movement?
a) Architectural Styles
b) Mid-Level Design Patterns
c) Data Structures and Algorithms
d) Programming Idioms

Answer: b
Clarification: Mid-Level Design Patterns focus on the design patterns movement.

10. Which of the following represents The (static) structure and (dynamic) behavior of the pattern?
a) Name
b) Application
c) Consequences
d) Form

Answer: d
Clarification: Form represents The (static) structure and (dynamic) behavior of the pattern.

Software Architecture Multiple Choice Questions on “Architectural Styles”.

1. Architectural styles is composed of which of the following?
a) A set of component types that perform some function at run-time
b) A topological layout of these components indicating their run-time inter relationships
c) A set of semantic constraints
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: All of the mentioned are true with respect to the architectural styles.

2. Which architectural style goal is to achieve Integrability?
a) Data Flow Architecture
b) Call and Return Architecture
c) Data Centered Architectures
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Data Centered Architectures-goal is to achieve Integrability.

3. Which architectural style goal is to achieve Modifiability with Scalability?
a) Data Flow Architecture
b) Call and Return Architecture
c) Virtual Machine Architecture
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: Call and Return Architecture goal is to achieve Modifiability with Scalability.

4. Which architectural style goal is to achieve Portability?
a) Data Flow Architecture
b) Call and Return Architecture
c) Virtual Machine Architecture
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Virtual Machine Architecture goal is to achieve Portability.

5. Which architectural style goal is to achieve Modifiability with Reuse?
a) Data Flow Architecture
b) Call and Return Architecture
c) Virtual Machine Architecture
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: Data Flow Architecture goal is to achieve Modifiability with Reuse.

6. Data Centered architecture is subdivided into which of the following subtypes?
a) Repository and Blackboard
b) Batch Sequential, Pipes and Filters
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: Data Centered architecture is subdivided into Repository and Blackboard.

7. Which of the architectural style is further subdivided into Batch sequential and Pipes & filters?
a) Data Flow Architecture
b) Call and Return Architecture
c) Data Centered Architectures
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: Data flow is further subdivided into Batch sequential and Pipes & filters.

8. Which of the following are types of Call and return architecture?
a) Main program and subroutine Architecture
b) Remote Procedure Call system
c) Object Oriented or abstract data type system
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned are subtypes of Call and return Architecture.

9. Which of the following type has the main goal to achieve performance?
a) Main program and subroutine Architecture
b) Remote Procedure Call system
c) Object Oriented or abstract data type system
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: Remote procedure call system has the main goal to achieve performance.

10. Which of the following type has the main goal to achieve Modifiability?
a) Main program and subroutine Architecture
b) Remote Procedure Call system
c) Object Oriented or abstract data type system
d) Main program and subroutine Architecture, Object Oriented or abstract data type system

Answer: d
Clarification: Main program and subroutine Architecture, Object Oriented or abstract data type system has the main goal to achieve Modifiability.

11. In which of the following style new clients can be added easily?
a) Data Flow Architecture
b) Call and Return Architecture
c) Data Centered Architectures
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: In Data Centered Architectures new clients can be added easily.

12. What is correct about Data centered architecture?
a) It is modifiable with respect to changing the functionality of any particular client as other clients will not be affected
b) It is non-modifiable with respect to changing the functionality of any particular client as other clients will be affected
c) Coupling among the client will lessen the effect of data center architecture
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: It is modifiable with respect to changing the functionality of any particular client as other clients will not be affected, Coupling among the client will lessen the effect of data center architecture are the correct architectures.

13. What is batch sequential style?
a) In batch sequential components are independent programs
b) Assumptions is that each step runs to completion before the next step starts
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: In batch sequential style- In batch sequential components are independent programs, Assumptions is that each step runs to completion before the next step starts.

14. What is pipes and filter style?
a) They emphasize on incremental transformation of data by successive components
b) It is used in UNIX family of the system
c) They return no state information
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned is true for pipes & filter style.

15. What are the advantage of pipe & filters?
a) They interact with the environment in limited ways
b) They simplify systems maintenance and enhance its reuse
c) Interactive applications are encouraged by the style
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: The advantage are-They interact with the environment in limited ways and They simplify systems maintenance and enhance its reuse.

Software Architecture Problems on “Forming the Team Structure”.

1. Which of the following points are considered according to the con way?
a) Take any two nodes x and y of the system, either they are joined by a branch or they are not
b) If there is no branch between x and y they they do not communicate
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: All of the mentioned are the points that are considered according to the con way.

2. Which of the following is true?
a) Conway describes how to discern organizational structure
b) Relationship between organizational structure and system structure is bidirectional
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: All of the mentioned are true.

3. Which of the following are considered for the architecture on development?
a) Teams are allocated once the architecture under construction has been agreed upon
b) Teams are allocated after the architecture under construction has been agreed upon
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: Teams are allocated once the architecture under construction has been agreed upon.

4. Which of the following is true for the teams?
a) Teams within the organization works on components
b) Within each team there has to be high bandwidth communications
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: All of the mentioned are true for teams.

5. Which of the following describes module?
a) The module is the presentation layer of a human computer interaction system
b) The module is a process scheduler that hides the number of available processors and scheduling algorithms
c) The module is the Physical Models that encapsulates the equations used to compute values about the physical environment
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned are the true descriptions of the module.

6. What is incorrect of the following?
a) The impact of an organization on an architecture is less subtle but not equally strong as the impact of architecture on the organization
b) The impact of an organization on an architecture is more subtle but equally strong as the impact of architecture on the organization
c) The module is the presentation layer of a human computer interaction system
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: The impact of an organization on an architecture is more subtle but equally strong as the impact of architecture on the organization.

7. What is true for the Organizations?
a) Organizations always add specialized groups that are independent of architectural structures
b) Organizations sometimes add specialized groups that are independent of architectural structures
c) Organizations sometimes add specialized groups that are dependent of architectural structures
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: Organizations sometimes add specialized groups that are independent of architectural structures.

8. Which of the following describes change?
a) Any particular change may not necessary require modification to a variety of architectural components
b) Any particular change does not require modification to a variety of architectural components
c) Any particular change may require modification to a variety of architectural components
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Any particular change may require modification to a variety of architectural components.

9. Why is the organizational structure that is aligned only with architectural structure is not adequate?
a) Any particular change may require modification to a variety of architectural components
b) Individuals in the customer response team make modifications to the whole system
c) Individuals must be outside of any team that has responsibility for any particular group of components
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: The organizational structure that is aligned only with architectural structure is not adequate because of all of the mentioned reasons.

10. Which of the following is false?
a) Individuals in the customer response team make modifications to the whole system
b) Individuals must be outside of any team that has responsibility for any particular group of components
c) Individuals in the customer response team does not make modifications to the whole system
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Individuals in the customer response team make modifications to the whole system.

Software Architecture Multiple Choice Questions on “Architecture and Legacy Systems”.

1. Which of the following are the problems of legacy systems?
a) Determining the existing architecture
b) In systems that have some architectural documentation which is not clear
c) Developing the strategy to migrate the system to new architecture
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: The mentioned are the problems of legacy systems other is related to archaeology.

2. Which of the following are the problems for architecture archaeology?
a) Many systems have no documented architecture at all
b) Determining the goal state
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: Many systems have no documented architecture at all.

3. Which of the following is true?
a) The problem with understanding the meaning of quality attribute is with respect to developmental qualities
b) The problem with understanding the development qualities is the lack of suitable models
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: All of the mentioned are true.

4. Which of the following describes creation and selection of architecture for ad-hoc techniques?
a) At one end are talented designers conjure up an architecture in unrepeatable fashion
b) Farther up lies reuse techniques
c) Reusable components
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned describes creation and selection of architecture for ad-hoc techniques.

5. Which of the following are technology spectrum for architecture selection and creation?
a) Reusable architectures
b) Partial System generators
c) Pure Application Generators
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the mentioned are components of technology spectrum.

6. What is the goal of architecture?
a) To produce systematic,reliable design guidance
b) TO produce inappropriate designs and refine it accordingly
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: All of the mentioned are the goals of architecture.

7. For which of the systems Integration and Interoperability are the main motivations?
a) A-7E
b) Celsius Tech
c) METOC
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: For METOC Integration and Interoperability are the main motivations.

8. Which of the following showed reduced testing and integration time?
a) METOC
b) CORBA
c) Celsius Tech
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Celsius Tech showed reduced testing and integration time.

9. Which of the following are followed for ADL?
a) Building tools to support an ADL involves solving a common set of problems
b) Development of an ADL development environment facilitates rapid production of ADLs
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: All of the mentioned are followed for an ADL.

10. ADL’s integration with other life cycle products can be documented as which of the following?
a) What kind of executable code can be generated?
b) How can trace-ability of architecture to requirements be established?
c) How many LOC are used?
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: b
Clarification: For ADL’s integration document following is used-What kind of executable code can be automatically generated? and How can trace-ability of architecture to requirements be established.

Software Design Questions and Answers for Campus interviews on “Needs Elicitation Documentation and Analysis”.

1. Which of the following statement is true?
a) The stakeholder’s needs are part of design problem
b) The stakeholder’s needs are part of design solution
c) Stakeholder’s needs are not a part of design solution
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: Stakeholder needs are part of design problem.

2. Which of these is not a problem of stakeholder’s needs elicitation?
a) Stakeholder’s are readily available to designers
b) Unfocused questions usually produce a jumble of responses about different product aspects at different level of abstraction
c) Stakeholder’s are unable to explain how they work, what they want from product
d) Stakeholder’s misunderstands the limits and capabilities of technology

Answer: a
Clarification: Stakeholder’s are not readily available.

3. Which among these is not a heuristic for stakeholder’s needs elicitation?
a) Determine stakeholder goal as the context of stakeholder needs and desires
b) Study user tasks
c) Learn about problem domain at the later stages
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: c
Clarification: Learn Problem domain at first stage.

4. Elicitation techniques include ____________
a) Interviews
b) Observation
c) Focus Groups
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All the choices are techniques for elicitation.

5. Which of the following statement is true?
a) A prototype is a working model of part or final product
b) A focus group is a facilitated and directed decision aimed at describing product design problem or establishing stakeholder’s needs and desires
c) An elicitation workshop is an informal discussion among few people leb by facilitator who keeps groupon topic
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: A focus group is an informal discussion among people whereas an workshop is facilitated directed discussion.

6. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
a) Data about the problem domain can further categorized to form organization chart and Data about stakeholder’s organization can be made into problem domain glossary
b) Data about the problem domain can further categorized to form problem domain glossary and Data about stakeholder’s organization can be made into organizational chart
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: Choice b is true and choice a is false.

7. Which of these statements justify needs documentation and analysis?
a) Stakeholders-goals list is a catalog of important stakeholder categories and their goals
b) A need list documents a single product feature, function, or property needed or desired by one or more stakeholders
c) A need statement catalogs need statements
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: a
Clarification: A need list catalogs need statements whereas need statement documents product features.

8. Main item checked for errors while eliciting needs?
a) Correctness
b) Terminological Consistency
c) Scope
d) All of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of these are considered while error checking for elicitation.

9. Which of the following statement is false?
a) Terminological consistency is simply using words with same meaning and always using the same words to refer to particular thing
b) A stakeholder goal or need is within the project scope
c) A statement is correct if it is contingent and accords with the facts
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: d
Clarification: All of the choices are true.

10. Which of these are not purchaser (stakeholder) goals?
a) Pay the least for a product that meets irrigation needs
b) Purchase a product that is cheap to operate
c) Purchase a product that is cheap to maintain
d) Have a product that is easy and fast to install

Answer: d
Clarification: Having a product that is easy and fast to install is role of installer and not purchaser.