250+ TOP MCQs on Influence Line Diagram – Numericals and Answers

Structural Analysis Multiple Choice Questions on “Influence Line Diagram – Numericals”.

1. Concept of ILD is only applicable to the static indeterminate structure.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: Concept of ILD for calculating shear force and bending moment is applicable to both statically determinate and indeterminate structures.

2. ILD for bending moment diagram of the cantilever beam is _______

a)
b)
c)
d)
Answer: d
Clarification: Maximum bending moment for cantilever beam occurs when the load is placed at free end, therefore ordinate of ILD of bending moment diagram will be maximum at a free end. When the load is at support itself, then the bending moment produced is zero, hence ordinate of ILD is zero.

3. ILD for the shear force at the support of the cantilever beam is __________

a)
b)
c)
d)
Answer: b
Clarification: For drawing ILD of shear force at the support we must neglect the support at the given point and then lift the member providing it unit displacement upward and let the rest of the beam follow the suit.

4. ILD for the shear force at section C for the given simply supported beam is _________

a)
b)
c)
d)
Answer: a
Clarification: For drawing ILD of shear force at section, any section other than the support, Assume roller at that section and apply downward push on the left arm of the section and upward push to the right section of the arm. Hence assuming roller at C, Downward and Upward push to the left and right of section respectively.

5. ILD for the bending moment at section C for the given simply supported beam is ________

a)
b)
c)
d)
Answer: b
Clarification: To draw ILD for Bending Moment at section E, we must assume internal hinge at the section and apply anticlockwise rotation to the left arm and clockwise rotation to the right of the arm. Thus, assuming an internal hinge at section C and applying rotation to the arms gives us figure B as ILD to bending moment at section C.

6. ILD for Shear force at section E is __________

a)
b)
c)
d)
Answer: a
Clarification: For drawing ILD of shear force at section, any section other than the support, Assume roller at that section and apply downward push on the left arm of the section and upward push to the right section of the arm. Hence assuming roller at E, Downward and Upward push to the left and right of section respectively.


7. ILD for Shear force at support A is _______

a)
b)
c)
d)
View Answer

Answer: c
Clarification: For drawing ILD of shear force at the support we must neglect the support at the given point and then lift the member providing it unit displacement upward and let the rest of the beam follow the suit.


8. ILD for Shear force at support B is _______

a)
b)
c)
d)
View Answer

Answer: d
Clarification: For drawing ILD of shear force at the support we must neglect the support at the given point and then lift the member providing it unit displacement upward and let the rest of the beam follow the suit.

9. ILD for Shear force at the section just right to the point A is _______

a)
b)
c)
d)
Answer: b
Clarification: For drawing ILD of shear force at section, any section other than the support, Assume roller at that section and apply downward push on the left arm of the section and upward push to the right section of the arm. But since the ILD is to be drawn for just to the right to A, we have to divide the section to the just right of A.

10. ILD for Bending Moment at section E is ________

a)
b)
c)
d)
Answer: b
Clarification: To draw ILD for Bending Moment at section E, we must assume internal hinge at the section and apply anticlockwise rotation to the left arm and clockwise rotation to the right of the arm. Thus, assuming an internal hinge at section E and applying rotation to the arms gives us figure B as ILD to bending moment at section E.


11. ILD for the member DI for the given truss if the unit load rolls along beam AB is ________

a)
b)
c)
d)
View Answer

Answer: a
Clarification: Member DI is a zero force member if the load is supposed to be rolled along bottom beam AB. Therefore, ILD for member DI is zero throughout.


12. ILD for the member CH for the given truss if the unit load rolls along AB is _________

a)
b)
c)
d)
View Answer

Answer: b
Clarification: If unit load is to roll along bottom beam AB, Force produces in CH will be zero if it is at supports or anywhere between joint I to B. However force in member CH will be maximum when load is placed at joint H. Since the truss as a whole structure will sag under the action of load, the member CH will be in tension.


13. ILD for the member CI for the given truss if the unit load rolls along AB is ________

a)
b)
c)
d)
View Answer

Answer: d
Clarification: If a unit load is to roll along bottom beam AB, Force produces in CI will be zero if it is at supports. However, the force in the inclined member CI will change its nature as the load passes through joint H to Joint I. Since the truss as a whole structure will sag under the action of load, the joint C will be under compression and I will be in tension.

14. To draw qualitative ILD of indeterminate structure, which of the following concept is used.
a) Unit Load Method
b) Castigilano’s First energy theorem
c) Mullers Breslou’s Principle
d) Kani’s Method
Answer: c
Clarification: Mullers Breslou’s Principle is very useful in performing a qualitative analysis of ILD for indeterminate structure. Unit Load Method, Castigliano’s First Theorem and Kani’s Method are among various methods to determine displacement and rotation in a structure.

15. ILD for a fixed beam is determined by Mullers Brelou’s Principle.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Mullers Breslou’s Principle is very useful in performing a qualitative analysis of ILD for indeterminate structure. The fixed beam is an indeterminate structure and thus, ILD for a fixed beam is determined by Mullers Brelou’s Principle.

250+ TOP MCQs on Statically Indeterminate Structures-2 and Answers

Structural Analysis online quiz on “Qualitative Influence Lines For Frames”.

1. Force-displacement requirements are not necessary to be satisfied for statically indeterminate structures.
State whether the above statement is true or false.
a) true
b) false
Answer: b
Clarification: Force-displacement requirement along with equilibrium and compatibility conditions are required to satisfy for a statically indeterminate structure.

2. Force-displacement requirement of statically indeterminate structures depend upon which factor?
a) material’s response
b) magnitude of load applied
c) supports
d) position of load applied
Answer: a
Clarification: It depends upon material’s response. We have assumed the material to linear elastic for further discussions.

3. Who of the following initially developed force method?
a) Muller
b) Breslau
c) Mohr
d) James clerk Maxwell
Answer: d
Clarification: Maxwell originally developed force method. Later options then developed this method.

4. Which of the following conditions form the basis of this method?
a) equilibrium conditions
b) force-displacement conditions
c) load applied
d) compatibility conditions
Answer: d
Clarification: This method is based on compatibility conditions and therefore it is also known as compatibility method.

5. Redundant forces are calculated in last step while using force method.
State whether the above statement is true or false.
a) true
b) false
Answer: b
Clarification: Redundant forces are calculated in initial steps in this method. Rest of forces is calculated by using these values.

6. Which of the following conditions form the basis of displacement method?
a) equilibrium conditions
b) force-displacement conditions
c) load applied
d) compatibility conditions
Answer: b
Clarification: Force displacement relations are written in the first step of displacement method.

7. Which of the following conditions is used in both force and displacement method in any stage?
a) equilibrium conditions
b) force-displacement conditions
c) load applied
d) compatibility conditions
Answer: b
Clarification: Force displacement equations are used in both methods.

8. Flexibility coefficients are used in which of the following method?
a) force method
b) displacement method
c) both force and displacement method
d) virtual force method
Answer: a
Clarification: Coefficient of unknowns while using force method is known as Flexibility coefficients.

9. Stiffness coefficients are used in which of the following method?
a) force method
b) displacement method
c) both force and displacement method
d) virtual force method
Answer: b
Clarification: Coefficient of unknowns while using displacement method is known as stiffness coefficients.

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250+ TOP MCQs on Types of Structural Loads – 1 and Answers

Structural Analysis Multiple Choice Questions on “Types Of Structural Loads – 1”.

1. Which of the following structural loads are not applied commonly to a building?
a) Dead load
b) Rain load
c) Live load
d) Environmental load
Answer: b
Clarification: Rest three types of loads are always applied to buildings.

2. Dead load comprises of:-
a) Permanently attached loads
b) Temporarily attached loads
c) Permanent as well as temporary loads
d) Snow load
Answer: a
Clarification: They include weight of structural frame and that of walls, roofs etc.

3. Live loads, with time can vary in:-
a) Magnitude
b) Position
c) Neither position nor magnitude
d) Position as well as magnitude
Answer: d
Clarification: They are caused by occupancy, use and maintenance of buildings.

4. Most of the loads applied to a building are environmental load.
State whether this statement is true or false.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: Most of the loads are dead followed by live loads.

5. Building codes require the partition load to be considered even without partition if live load is less than:-
a) 60 psf
b) 70 psf
c) 80 psf
d) 90 psf
Answer: c
Clarification: Modern buildings with less live load initially have high chances to acquire partition after some years.

6. In the method used to establish the magnitude of live load, what is the reference time period?
a) 30 years
b) 35 years
c) 50 years
d) 60 years
Answer: c
Clarification: Reference period is typically assumed to be around 50 years so as to establish magnitude of ASCE-02 live loads.

7. Impact loads are equal to the sum of the magnitude of the loads actually caused and the magnitude if the loads had they been dead loads.
State whether this statement is true or false.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: Impact loads are equal to the difference between the above mentioned entities.

8. Impact load results from which type of effects of loads applied?
a) Static
b) Dynamic
c) Static and dynamic
d) Neither static nor dynamic
Answer: b
Clarification: For static load, impact effects are short lived.

9. How does an increase in the pitch of the roof affects the amount of load that can be placed on it?
a) It increases
b) It decreases
c) Remains constant
d) Depends upon case
Answer: b
Clarification: As rise increases w.r.t span, load carrying capacity decreases.

10. If R1 = 1.1 and R2 = 1.2, then what is value of Lr(in psf)?
a) 26.1
b) 26.2
c) 26.3
d) 26.4
Answer: d
Clarification: Lr = 20 * R1 * R2.

250+ TOP MCQs on Kinematic Indeterminacy of Trusses and Answers

Structural Analysis Multiple Choice Questions on “Kinematic Indeterminacy of Trusses”.

1. The degree of freedom for a pin jointed plane frame is given by 3j – m – r.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: The degree of freedom for a pin jointed plane frame is given by 2j–r, where j is the number of joint and r is the number of reactions.

2. The degree of freedom for a pin jointed space frame is given by ____
a) 2j – r
b) 3j – r
c) 3j – m – r
d) 6j – r
Answer: b
Clarification: The degree of freedom for a pin jointed space frame is given by 3j – r, where j is the number of joints and r is the number of reactions.

3. In case of pin jointed plane frame, rotational displacement of the nodes are not considered.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: In case of pin jointed plane frame, rotational displacement of the nodes are not considered because member are not subjected to bending. Members are subjected to axial forces only.

4. Identify the correct statements of the followings.
a) Two degrees of freedom are available at each joint of pin jointed plane frame
b) Six degrees of freedom are available at each joint of pin jointed space frame
c) Four degrees of freedom are available at each joint of rigid jointed plane frame
d) Three degrees of freedom are available at each joint of pin jointed space frame
Answer: a
Clarification: Each joint of pin jointed plane frame, allows horizontal and vertical sway of the joint. Therefore, degree of freedom is two at a joint of pin jointed plane frame.

5. Calculate the kinematic indeterminacy of the following pin jointed plane frame.

a) 2
b) 6
c) 12
d) 18
Answer: c
Clarification: The truss is supported by hinged support at both ends. Hinged support in a pin jointed plane frame does not offers any degree of freedom as rotation is not considered. For the given truss, it consists of six pin joint offering two degree of freedom each. Therefore, the degree of freedom is 12.

6. Calculate the kinematic indeterminacy of the following pin jointed plane frame.

a) 12
b) 13
c) 14
d) 15
Answer: b
Clarification: The truss is supported by hinged support at one end and roller support at other end. Hinged support in a pin jointed plane frame does not offers any degree of freedom as rotation is not considered. But roller support offers horizontal movement and hence degree of freedom is 1. For the given truss, it consists of six pin joint offering two degree of freedom each. Therefore, the degree of freedom is 12 + 1 = 13.

7. Calculate the kinematic indeterminacy of the following pin jointed plane frame.

a) 8
b) 9
c) 10
d) 12
Answer: b
Clarification: The truss is supported by hinged support at one end and roller support at other end. Hinged support in a pin jointed plane frame does not offers any degree of freedom as rotation is not considered. But roller support offers horizontal movement and hence degree of freedom is 1. For the given truss, it consists of four pin joint offering two degree of freedom each. Therefore, the degree of freedom is 8 + 1 = 9.

8. Calculate the kinematic indeterminacy of the following pin jointed plane frame.

a) 8
b) 10
c) 12
d) 14
Answer: a
Clarification: The truss is supported by hinged support at both ends. Hinged support in a pin jointed plane frame does not offers any degree of freedom as rotation is not considered. For the given truss, it consists of four pin joint offering two degree of freedom each. Therefore, the degree of freedom is 8.

9. Calculate the kinematic indeterminacy of the following pin jointed plane frame.

a) 4
b) 5
c) 6
d) 8
Answer: a
Clarification: The truss is supported by hinged support at both ends. Hinged support in a pin jointed plane frame does not offers any degree of freedom as rotation is not considered. For the given truss, it consists of two pin joint offering two degree of freedom each. Therefore, the degree of freedom is 4.

10. Calculate the kinematic indeterminacy of the following pin jointed plane frame.

a) 4
b) 6
c) 8
d) 10
Answer: c
Clarification: The truss is supported by hinged support at both ends. Hinged support in a pin jointed plane frame does not offers any degree of freedom as rotation is not considered. For the given truss, it consists of four pin joint offering two degree of freedom each. Therefore, the degree of freedom is 8.

250+ TOP MCQs on Approximate Analysis in Trusses and Vertical Loads on Building Frames and Answers

Structural Analysis Multiple Choice Questions on “Approximate analysis in trusses and Vertical Loads on Building Frames”.

1. Approximate analysis is done on a :-
a) Determinate structures
b) Indeterminate structures
c) Determinate and indeterminate structures
d) Depends upon load applied
Answer: a
Clarification: It is done on a determinate structure which is made by converting an indeterminate one.

2. Exact analysis is referred to which type of analysis?
a) Statically determinate analysis
b) Statically indeterminate analysis
c) Doesn’t depend upon determinacy
d) Depends upon load applied
Answer: b
Clarification: Statically indeterminate analysis is refereed as exact analysis while the other one is referred as approximate analysis.

3. How many assumptions do we have to make to solve an indeterminate truss?
a) Always 3
b) Always 2
c) Equal to its degree of indeterminacy
d) One less than its degree of indeterminacy
Answer: c
Clarification: For example, 3 assumptions will have to be made if degree of indeterminacy is three.

4. What is a reasonable assumption if diagonals of a truss system are long and slender?
a) They can’t carry tensile force
b) They can’t carry compressive force
c) They can’t carry force
d) They can’t carry large force
Answer: b
Clarification: If they are long and slender, ten it can be assumed that they can’t carry compressive force as they can easily buckle.

5. If a long and slender diagonal is appearing to carry compressive load, then it is assumed that:-
a) It carries a tensile load
b) It carries a compressive load
c) It carries no load
d) It carries large load
Answer: c
Clarification: Since it can easily buckle, it is assumed to be a zero-force member.

6. If both diagonal members are constructed from channels, then the how much load will be carried by compressive member?
a) 0
b) 1/4 th of panel shear
c) Half of panel shear
d) 3/4 th of panel shear
Answer: c
Clarification: In these cases, diagonals are equally capable of supporting tensile and compressive forces. So, they are assumed to carry half the panel shear.

7. In which case is only members within a localized region of structure are considered?
a) When disturbance within a member causes a lot of disturbances in outside region
b) When disturbance within a member causes little of disturbances in outside region
c) When lower loads are applied
d) When larger loads are applied
Answer: b
Clarification: This technique is used only when disturbance within a member causes little of disturbances in outside region.

8. Points of inflection can be considered as:-
a) Pin support
b) Roller support
c) Link support
d) Pin
Answer: d
Clarification: These points can be considered as pin as there is no moment at points of inflection.

9. If a beam is supported by fixed support at both its end then point of inflection will lie at what distance from end points (L is length of beam).
a) 0
b) 0.11L
c) 0.21L
d) 0.31L
Answer: c
Clarification: It can shown using exact analysis methods that both inflection points lay at a distance of 0.21L from end points.

10. If a beam is supported by pin supports at both its end then point of inflection will lie at what distance from end points (L is length of beam).
a) 0
b) 0.11L
c) 0.21L
d) 0.31L
Answer: a
Clarification: In case of pin supports, it will be a determinate case and can be solved very easily.

11. In actual cases, at what distance are point of inflections assumed from end points (L is length of beam).
a) 0
b) 0.1L
c) 0.2L
d) 0.3L
Answer: b
Clarification: In actual cases, supports will provide some flexibility at ends, so we take an average value as our assumption.

12. In cases of girders, It is assumed that it:-
a) Does support axial force
b) Does not support axial force
c) Does not support shear force
d) Does not support axial and shear force
Answer: b
Clarification: It is one of the three assumptions made as degree of indeterminacy of a column-girder system is 3.

250+ TOP MCQs on Force Method of Analysis: General Procedure and Answers

Structural Analysis online test on “Force Method of Analysis: General Procedure”.


In above figure, joint A is fixed and joint B is pinned. C lies in between A and B and a load of P are applied there.
Δb = Displacement caused when vertical support at point B is chosen to be neglected.
By = redundant force
1. How many unknowns are there in the above figure?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: d
Clarification: 4 unknown forces are there, 3 forces and one moment.

2. The above structure is statically indeterminate.
State whether the above sentence is true or false.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: 4 unknown forces and 3 reactions are there. So, it is statically indeterminate.

3. This structure is made redundant by temporarily removing how many support reactions?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: a
Clarification: As the degree of indeterminacy is one, one of the support reactions is chosen to be redundant.

4. Which of the following forces can’t be chosen to be redundant?
a) Vertical support at point A
b) P
c) Vertical support at B
d) Moment at A
Answer: b
Clarification: Load P can’t be chosen as this is the load causing deflection. Rest all support forces can be chosen to be redundant.

5. Δ/ bb refers to displacement cause by By.
What does first b in Δ/ bb stands for?
a) Where unknown reaction acts
b) Point whose deflection is considered
c) Can be anything
d) Depends upon load applied
Answer: b
Clarification: First b refers to the point where load is specified, second B refers to the point where load is applied.

6. What is the compatibility equation for the above mentioned condition?
a) Δ/ bb – Δb = 0
b) Δ/ bb + Δb = 0
c) Δ/ bb – Δb > 0
d) Δ/ bb – Δb < 0
Answer: a
Clarification: Both the displacement will be opposite in direction and equal in magnitude.

7. How much load acts and in which direction at point B for the displacement to be fbb?
a) Unit, opposite to By
b) Unit, same as by
c) Small, opposite to By
d) Large, same as By
Answer: b
Clarification: Displacement caused by unit load acting in the direction of By is termed as fbb.

8. Which one of the following describes fbb?
a) Δ/ bb / By
b) By/ Δ / bb
c) Δ/ bb – By
d) Δ/ bb + By
Answer: a
Clarification: Δ/ bb is actual displacement caused by By, and fbb is caused by unit load. So, its fbb times By Δ/ bb/By.

9. According to maxwell’s theorem:-
a) fab = faa
b) fbb = faa
c) fba = fab
d) fba = fbb
Answer: c
Clarification: The displacement of a point B on a structure due to a unit load acting at point A is equal to the displacement of point A when the unit load is acting at point B.

10. Maxwell’s theorem doesn’t apply when external moments are placed on the beam.
State whether the above statement is true or false.
a) true
b) false
Answer: b
Clarification: It is also applicable when external moments are acting on the structure instead of forces.

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