Category: Surveying Objective Questions

250+ TOP MCQs on Introduction – Field Work Procedure and Answers

Surveying Multiple Choice Questions on “Introduction – Field Work Procedure”.

1. What is the prominent point on the chain line and can be either at the beginning of the chain line or at the end?
a) Subsidiary station
b) Surveyor station
c) Main station
d) Tie stations
Answer: c
Clarification: A survey station is a prominent point on the chain line and can be either at the beginning of the chain line or at the end. Such station is known as the Main station.

2. The book in which the chain or tape measurements are entered is called the _______
a) Assistant book
b) Surveyor book
c) Field book
d) Survey book
Answer: c
Clarification: The book in which the chain or tape measurements are entered is called the field book. It is an oblong book of size about 20 cm x 20 cm and opens lengthwise.

3. What is the size of a field book?
a) 20 cm x 20 cm
b) 25 cm x 20 cm
c) 20 cm x 25 cm
d) 25 cm x 25 cm
Answer: a
Clarification: The size of the field book is about 20 cm x 20 cm and opens lengthwise. The main requirements of the field book are that it should contain good quality stout opaque paper.

4. The chain line may be represented either by a single line or by two lines spaced about ____ to _____ cm apart.
a) 1.5 to 2
b) 2 to 3
c) 1.5 to 2.5
d) 2.5 to 3.5
Answer: a
Clarification: The chain line may be represented either by a single line or by two lines spaced about 1.5 to 2 cm apart.

5. Which of the following details need not be given at the beginning of a particular chain survey?
a) Date of survey
b) Names of surveyors
c) Details of survey lines
d) Type of soil
Answer: d
Clarification: At the beginning of a particular survey, the following details must be given, date of survey and names of surveyors, general sketch of the layout of survey lines, details of survey lines, page index of survey lines, location sketches of survey lines.

6. Which of the following details need not be given at the beginning of a particular chain survey lines?
a) Name of the line
b) Name of the station marked
c) Bearing of the line
d) Length of line
Answer: d
Clarification: At the starting of a chain or survey lines, the following details should be given, name of the line, name of the station marked either by an oval or by a triangle, bearing of the line (if measured), details of any other line meeting at the starting point of the survey line.

7. At what step of chain surveying surveyor should investigate various difficulties that may arise and think of their solution?
a) Before selecting survey stations
b) after selecting survey stations
c) During reconnaissance
d) After marking survey stations
Answer: a
Clarification: Before selecting survey stations, surveyor should investigate various difficulties that may arise and think of their solution and examine the Intervisibility of stations.

8. Whenever possible, a survey station must be fixed with reference to a minimum ____ number of permanent objects.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: b
Clarification: Whenever possible, a survey station must be fixed with reference to two or three permanent objects.

9. The work in running a survey line is ____________ fold.
a) one
b) two
c) three
d) four
Answer: b
Clarification: The work in running a survey line is two-fold, to chain the line and to locate the adjacent details. Offsets should be taken in order of their chain ages.

10. An offset is laid out 2° from its true direction on the field. If the scale of plotting is 10 m to 1 cm, find the maximum length of the offset so that the displacement of the point on the paper may not exceed 0.25 mm?
a) 7.10 m
b) 7.16 m
c) 7.11 m
d) 7.14 m
Answer: b
Clarification: Displacement of the point on the paper is l*sin∆/ s. This should not exceed 0.025 cm. Hence l* sin 2°/10 = 0.025 from here finding l we get 7.16 m.

250+ TOP MCQs on Levelling – Surveying Telescope and Answers

Surveying Multiple Choice Questions on “Levelling – Surveying Telescope”.

1. Surveyor’s telescope is an adaptation of Kepler’s telescope.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: The surveyors telescope is an adaptation of Kepler’s telescope. It employs two convex lenses. The one nearest to the object is called the objective and the other near the eye is called eyepiece.

2. The optical principles of the surveying telescope are based on the fact that all parallel rays of light reaching a convex lens are bent when they leave it in such a manner that they intersect at a common point, called the focus.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: The optical principles of the surveying telescope are based on the fact that all parallel rays of light reaching a convex lens are bent when they leave it in such a manner that they intersect at a common point, called the focus and that all the rays passing through another point called the optical centre pass through the geometric centre of lens without bending.

3. In surveyor’s telescope, the convex lens nearest to the object is called ______________
a) Eye piece
b) Objective
c) Diaphragm
d) Surveyor lens
Answer: b
Clarification: The surveyor’s telescope is an adaptation of Kepler’s telescope. It employs two convex lenses. The one nearest to the object is called the objective and the other near the eye is called eyepiece.

4. In surveyor’s telescope, the convex lens nearest to the eye is called ____________
a) Eye piece
b) Objective
c) Diaphragm
d) Surveyor lens
Answer: a
Clarification: The surveyor’s telescope is an adaptation of Kepler’s telescope. It employs two convex lenses. The one nearest to the object is called the objective and the other near the eye is called eyepiece.

5. The object glass provides a virtual inverted image in front of the eyepiece which in turn magnifies the image to produce a real erect image in surveyors telescope.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: The object glass provides a real inverted image in front of the eyepiece which, in turn, magnifies the image to produce an inverted virtual image.

6. The line of sight is also called _____
a) line of telescope
b) line of centre of axis
c) line of collimation
d) line of objective
Answer: c
Clarification: The line of sight is a line which passes through the optical centre of the objective and the intersection of cross hairs. This is also called line of collimation.

7. What is the line which passes through the optical centres of objective and eye piece?
a) axis of the telescope
b) centre of axis line
c) line of collimation
d) line of objective
Answer: a
Clarification: The axis of the telescope is the line which passes through the optical centres of objective and eye piece.

8. The eyepiece magnifies the cross hairs.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: The cross hairs are placed in front of the eyepiece and in the plane where the real inverted image is produced by the objective. Thus, the eyepiece magnifies the cross hairs also.

9. The focal length of an objective varies with eyepiece.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: The focal length of an objective is constant. Focal length is independent to the particular lens.

10. The establishment of line of sight, therefore, involves the following two essential conditions, the real image must be formed in front of the eyepiece, the plane of the image must coincide with that of the cross hairs.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: The establishment of a line of sight, therefore, involves the following two essential conditions, the real image must be formed in front of the eyepiece, the plane of the image must coincide with that of the cross hairs.

11. The operation of forming or bringing the clear image of the object in the plane of cross hairs is known as ______
a) Centering
b) Adjusting
c) Parallax correcting
d) Focusing
Answer: d
Clarification: For quantitative measurements, it is essential that the image should always be formed in the fixed plane in the telescope where the cross hairs are situated. The operation of forming or bringing the clear image of the object in the plane of cross hairs is known as focusing.

250+ TOP MCQs on Adjustment and Answers

Surveying Multiple Choice Questions on “Adjustment”.

1. Which of the following is not a function of levelling head?
a) To support the main part of the instrument
b) To attach the theodolite to the tripod
c) To provide a mean for levelling the theodolite
d) To provide the exact centering over the station mark
Answer: d
Clarification: A levelling head has three distinctive functions. They are to support the main part of the instrument, to attach the theodolite to the tripod and to provide a mean for levelling the theodolite.

2. In theodolites, the upper plate carriers two plate levels placed at right angles to each other.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: In theodolites, the upper plate carrier’s two plate levels placed at right angles to each other. One of the plate levels is kept parallel to the trunnion axis.

3. The plate level can be centered with the help of _______
a) Focusing screw
b) Foot screw
c) Tangent screw
d) Clip screw
Answer: b
Clarification: The plate level can be centered with the help of foot screw. In some theodolites only one plate level is provided.

4. On clamping the upper screw and unclamping the lower clamp, the instrument can rotate on its outer axis without any relative motion between the two plates.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: On clamping the upper screw and unclamping the lower clamp, the instrument can rotate on its outer axis without any relative motion between the two plates.

5. On unclamping the upper screw and clamping the lower clamp, the instrument can rotate on its inner axis with relative motion between vernier and scale.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: The lower clamp is clamped and the upper clamp is unclamped, the upper plate and the instrument can rotate on the inner axis with a relative motion between the vernier and the scale.

6. Which of the following is used to test the horizontality of the transit axis or trunnion axis?
a) Levelling head
b) Levelling screw
c) Altitude bubble
d) Striding level
Answer: d
Clarification: Some theodolites are fitted with a striding level. It is used to test the horizontality of the transit axis or trunnion axis.

7. Temporary adjustments are those which are made at every instrument setting and preparatory to taking observations.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Temporary adjustments are those which are made at every instrument setting and preparatory to taking observations. The temporary adjustments are setting over the station, levelling up and elimination parallax.

8. Setting up includes which of the following?
a) Centering
b) Appropriate levelling with the help of tripod legs
c) Both centering and appropriate levelling with the help of tripod legs
d) Levelling with foot screw
Answer: d
Clarification: The operation of setting up includes centering of the instrument over the station mark by a plumb Bob or by optical plummet and appropriate levelling with the help of tripod legs.

9. Parallax is a condition arising when the image formed by the object is in the plane of the cross hairs.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: Parallax is a condition arising when the image formed by the object is not in the plane of the cross hairs. Unless parallax is eliminated, accurate sighting is impossible.

10. Parallax can be eliminated by focusing the eye piece and objective.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Parallax can be eliminated in two steps. By focusing the eyepiece for a distinct vision of the cross hairs and by focusing the objective to bring the image of the object in the plane of cross hairs.

11. For adjustment purposes, the index arm can be rotated slightly with the help of a ________ screw.
a) tangent screw
b) levelling screw
c) cliff screw
d) focusing screw
Answer: c
Clarification: For adjustment purposes, the index arm can be rotated slightly with the help of a cliff screw. It is fitted to the clipping arm at its lower end.

250+ TOP MCQs on Plane Table – Resection Method and Answers

Surveying Multiple Choice Questions on “Plane Table – Resection Method”.

1. Before conducting the resection procedure, orientation must be performed.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: Resection is done after the table has been properly oriented. If there is any mistake in orientation, the entire process will go wrong and may end up repeating again.

2. Which of the following processes is employed in case of a small scale?
a) Trisection
b) Intersection
c) Radiation
d) Resection
Answer: d
Clarification: Resection is based on the orientation of the table which needs much more care for handling the process. Covering a large area by the resection method makes it a tedious process. So, it is adopted for small scale.

3. Which of the following indicates the procedure for plotting of points occupied by the plane table?
a) Resection
b) Bisection
c) Trisection
d) Intersection
Answer: a
Clarification: Both resection and traversing are done so as to obtain the station points. Those are used for placing the plane table and locating the remaining points.

4. The rays which are drawn from unknown location to a known location can be determined as ____________
a) Trisectors
b) Bisectors
c) Resectors
d) Intersectors
Answer: c
Clarification: Resection method involves in the usage of resectors. Resectors are the rays which can be drawn from an unknown location to a known location. So, a relation can be established between the points.

5. Which among the following contains more amounts of errors in its procedure?
a) Orientation by compass
b) Orientation by back sighting
c) Orientation by three point problem
d) Orientation by two point problem
Answer: a
Clarification: Since compass gives a rough output and the orientation done by it isn’t accurate enough. So the orientation by compass is employed in case of small scale works where speed of the work is considered.

6. In which of the following methods, graphical method is employed?
a) Back sight orientation
b) Compass orientation
c) Two point problem
d) Three point problem
Answer: d
Clarification: Three point method has been further classified as mechanical method, Lehman’s method and graphical method. Each of them will be employed based on the type of work being done and the visibility of points.

7. The figure indicates which of the following procedures?
surveying-questions-answers-resection-method-q7
a) Two point problem
b) Three point problem
c) Compass orientation
d) Back sight orientation
Answer: b
Clarification: As it can be clearly seen that the station point can visualize three individual points, which makes it fall under the category of three point problem.

8. Which of the following must be done correctly in order to prevent further errors?
a) Usage of alidade
b) Back sighting
c) Orientation
d) Traversing
Answer: c
Clarification: resection method is employed for having a clear idea about the station points. So, it requires proper orientation of the table to continue further. Error in orientation can be corrected by following the classification methods.

9. Which of the following is not a classification of the resection method?
a) Orientation by compass
b) Orientation by back sighting
c) Orientation by three point problem
d) Orientation by fore sighting
Answer: d
Clarification: Resection method involves in determining plane table station points which makes the entire process depended on the orientation of the table. It has been classified into Orientation by compass, Orientation by back sighting, Orientation by three point problem, Orientation by two point problem.

10. Which among the following procedures is used in case of visibility of points is more from table station?
a) Three point problem
b) Two point problem
c) Compass orientation
d) Back sighting orientation
Answer: a
Clarification: Though two point and three point will come under the same category, the work employed will be different. In three point problem at a time three points will be covered which makes the work to complete in a quick manner when compared to two point problem.

250+ TOP MCQs on Types of EDM Instruments and Answers

Surveying Multiple Choice Questions on “Types of EDM Instruments”.

1. Different types of EDM’s are obtained on the basis of__________
a) Wave length
b) Carrier wave
c) Frequency
d) Time period

Answer: b
Clarification: EDM instruments can be classified based on the type of carrier wave employed. The classification includes microwave, Infra-red, visible light instruments. It can be observed that all three categories of EDM instruments use short wavelengths and hence higher frequencies.

2. Which among the following EDM instruments is having more range?
a) Infra-red instruments
b) Visible light instruments
c) Microwave instruments
d) Gamma ray instruments

Answer: c
Clarification: The frequency range of the microwave instrument is about 3-30 kHz which provides it the ability to cover a range up to 100km. The usage of gamma rays is not possible in the case of Total station.

3. Which type of modulation is used in the case of microwave instrument?
a) Frequency modulation
b) Amplitude modulation
c) Carrier wave modulation
d) Time period modulation

Answer: a
Clarification: Frequency modulation is used in all kinds of EDM instruments which make it feasible, but, amplitude modulation is also used in remaining classifications which makes it quite different from the microwave instruments.

4. The frequency range used in visible light instruments is______________
a) 5*1011 Hz
b) 5*108 Hz
c) 5*1010 Hz
d) 5*1014 Hz

Answer: d
Clarification: The frequency range in the visible light instruments is capable of determining the range of its calculation which may affect it.

5. Geodimeter uses which of the following waves as a carrier wave?
a) Microwaves
b) Visible light
c) Infra-red
d) Cosmic rays

Answer: b
Clarification: Geodimeter is a classification of EDM based on carrier wave. This instrument uses visible light as its source and possesses a range of 25 km, having accuracy up to 2-3km.

6. Microwave EDM instrument requires two instrument stations.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: Visible light EDM instrument requires only one instrument station whereas the microwave EDM instrument requires two instrument stations which make it quite expensive and accurate as it can cover long distances.

7. What among the following indicates the range of Geodimeter?
a) 20 km
b) 30 km
c) 25km
d) 35 km

Answer: c
Clarification: Geodimeter uses visible light as a carrier wave in which it is capable of obtaining information, like the distance between the points, within 25km of range.

8. The wavelength of I.R in infra-red instruments is about___________
a) 0.6 * 10-6 m
b) 1.0 * 10-6 m
c) 0.7 * 10-6 m
d) 0.9 * 10-6 m

Answer: d
Clarification: Infra-red instruments use infra-red waves as carrier waves. These are widely used in the present day as these are able to provide information with less economy.

9. Frequency modulation is used in the case of visible light EDM.
a) True
b) False

Answer: b
Clarification: Though frequency modulation is used in all the EDM instruments, the usage of amplitude modulation is more in case of visible light EDM instrument, which is capable of keeping frequency constant and measure the wavelength for calculation phase difference.

10. Which among the following EDM instruments are capable of producing output with less expenditure?
a) Microwave instruments
b) Cosmic ray instruments
c) Visible light instruments
d) Infra-red instruments

Answer: d
Clarification: Infra-red instruments use Gallium-Arsenide diode as a source for obtaining infra-red waves. These diodes can be easily directed to amplitude modulation at high frequencies. So, infra-red carrier wave is obtained by an inexpensive method, which makes the entire process inexpensive.

250+ TOP MCQs on Triangulation – Base Line Measurement and Answers

Surveying Multiple Choice Questions on “Triangulation – Base Line Measurement”.

1. Which of the following is the most important process in the triangulation system?
a) Towers
b) Signals
c) Base line measurement
d) Reconnaissance
Answer: c
Clarification: The base line measurement serves as an important source in the process of triangulation. It helps in determination of station points and the elevated, peak points in a terrain which help in the remaining fields like signals, towers etc.,

2. The length of the tenth base is__________
a) 1.7 miles
b) 2.7 miles
c) 4.7 miles
d) 6.7 miles
Answer: a
Clarification: The length of the base chosen will depend upon the grade of the triangulation adopted. Generally, in India, ten bases were adopted off which the tenth base is having a length of 1.7 miles.

3. Ground which is having undulations is taken into consideration while setting base line.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: In the triangulation system, base line will have the at most importance. It will be the key factor of the classification, as it describes the accuracy of the work. So in order to improve that, a ground with fewer undulations must be chosen.

4. Which of the following is not a form of base measuring apparatus?
a) Flexible apparatus
b) Rigid bars
c) Spiral apparatus
d) Colby apparatus
Answer: c
Clarification: The base line measurement involves certain processes of which rigid bars, flexible apparatus are the basic divisions made. The remaining will come under the sub-categories of these.

5. Corrections can be applied without measuring the temperature in field.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: The measured base line can contain some errors which will decrease the accuracy of the output. While using steel and brass wires this possibility increases. So in order decrease the prone of having less accuracy, corrections are applied without considering certain parameters.

6. Colby apparatus will come under which of the following forms?
a) Optical apparatus
b) Flexible apparatus
c) Rigid bars
d) Jaderin’s apparatus
Answer: c
Clarification: While determining the base line, some of the methods are adopted in which usage of rigid bars is one of them. The usage of rigid bars involves in the formation of certain classes of which Colby is present.

7. Which of the following indicates a flexible apparatus?
a) Copper tape
b) Steel tape
c) Chain
d) Iron tape
Answer: b
Clarification: A steel tape is used in case of flexible apparatus because it involves speed in the work which is an economical one. But due to speed concern, it lacks accuracy.

8. Which of the following methods is having more amount of flexibility?
a) Flexible apparatus
b) Rigid bars
c) Colby apparatus
d) Jaderin’s method
Answer: d
Clarification: Jaderin’s method is said to be having more flexibility when compared to the remaining methods of setting a base line. This method involves usage of tripods, tapes which are able to provide accurate value when ever used so that they won’t loose flexibility.

9. The formula for correction for temperature is ___________
a) C = α (Tm – T0) L
b) C = α (Tm – T0) + L
c) C = α (Tm + T0) L
d) C = α (Tm – T0) / L
Answer: a
Clarification: The formula for correction of temperature can be given as C = α (Tm – T0) L, where α determines the value of coefficient of thermal expansion, Tm = mean temperature, T0 = temperature during standardisation, L = length measured.

10. What will be the correction for absolute length of the length of the line is 20m, correction is 2m and length of the tape is 30m?
a) 1.43
b) 1.34
c) 31.42
d) 2.65
Answer: b
Clarification: The correction for absolute length can be given as
Ca = L*c / l. On substitution, we get
Ca = 20*2 / 30
Ca = 1.34.

11. Determine the correction for the temperature, if the mean temperature is 30˚C and the temperature during standardization of tape is about 28˚C with length of the line 9m.
a) 8*10-6
b) 81*10-6
c) 18*10-6
d) 18*106
Answer: c
Clarification: The correction for temperature can be assumed as,
Ct = α*(Tm – T0)*L. here, α = 1*10-6˚C. On substitution, we get
Ct = 1*10-6*(30-28)*9
Ct = 18*10-6.

12. Apply correction for tension, if the pull applied during measurement is 15N and standard pull is about 8N. Measured length is about 10m, cross-section of the tape is 5 sq. cm with E 2*107 N/sq. cm.
a) 7*107
b) 6*107
c) 7*1010
d) 7*102
Answer: a
Clarification: The correction for pull or tension can be given as,
Cp = (P-Po)*L / A*E. On substitution, we get
Cp = (15-8)*10 / (5*2*107)
Cp = 7*107.

13. If the weight of the tape is 1kg having length 100m with 6 equal bays. The pull applied will be 9N, calculate the correction for sag.
a) 0.01042
b) 0.0142
c) 0.142
d) 0.00142
Answer: d
Clarification: Correction of sag can be given as,
Cs = l*W2 / (24*n2*p2). On substitution, we get
Cs = 100*1 / (24*62*92)
Cs = 0.00142.

14. Calculate the correction for misalignment, if the length of the line is 18m with perpendicular of 3m.
a) 0.52
b) 0.25
c) 2.05
d) 5.02
Answer: b
Clarification: The correction for misalignment can be calculated by,
Ch = d2 / 2*L. On substitution, we get
Ch = 32 / 2*18
Ch = 0.25.

15. What will be the correction for slope, if the length of the line is given as 20m with slope of 5˚46ꞌ?
a) 1.101
b) 0.011
c) 0.101
d) 1.001
Answer: c
Clarification: The correction to slope can be given as,
Cv = 2*L*sin2(θ/2). On substitution, we get
Cv = 2*20*(5˚46ꞌ/2)
Cv = 0.101.