[Chemistry Class Notes] on Classification of Elements in Modern Periodic Table Pdf for Exam

Meaning of Modern Periodic Table

The Modern Periodic Table, which is also known as the Periodic Table, is a tabular arrangement in which chemical elements, electron configurations, and chemical properties are arranged according to their atomic numbers. The Modern Periodic Table consists of four blocks, namely the blocks “S”, “P”, “D” and “F.” On the left-hand side of the Current Periodic Table, metallic elements are found, and on the right-hand side are non-metallic elements.

For the classification of elements, a periodic table is still used today. A simplified version of the modern periodic table can be seen in the figure below. By increasing the atomic number instead of the atomic mass, the modern table arranges the elements. The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom and for each particle, this number is unique. The modern periodic table has rows that are known as periods. Throughout a time, from left to right, each element has one more proton than the element before it.

Below is a figure of the modern periodic table, where you can see a simple version of the table. 

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How are Elements in the Modern Periodic Table Classified?

The method by which elements are classified based on their characteristics is a periodic classification of elements i.e. we hold the elements that are similar in one group and the rest of the elements in the other group. In the periodic table, several empty spaces have been left to position the elements that will be found in the future without disrupting the trending periodicity of the elements. 

7 periods of the modern periodic table, also known as horizontal rows, and 18 groups, also known as vertical columns have been grouped into the modern periodic table. According to the build-up theory, the elements are arranged ascendingly according to their atomic numbers and the way electrons fill their atomic energy sublevels, where each element has one electron more than the element that accompanies it.

In the modern periodic table, the classification of elements has been done in a way where most of the elements are metals. On the left-hand side of the periodic table, these metals occur. Non-metals are some of the elements in the table and they are less than 20 in number and on the right side of the table they exist. Metalloids are defined as some of the elements that occur on the boundary of metals and non-metals. Their properties are identical to those of both metals and non-metals. Most of these elements are solids, out of them just 11 elements i.e, noble gases, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine, chlorine, hydrogen exist as gases and two of them are liquids i.e., mercury and bromine.

What is the Need for the Classification of Elements?

It is difficult to individually study every element and to know its properties and uses. Therefore, based on their similarities in properties, they were classified. In the Periodic Table, the structured classification of the elements has helped chemists to study and understand the properties of the elements and their compounds more systematically and orderly.

Advantages of Classification of Elements in the Modern Periodic Table

1. If the position of an element is known, It becomes easier to remember the properties of an element.

2. Unlike Mendeleev’s periodic table, positions of isotopes are taken care of within one element itself. 

3. The metals, non-metals, transition metals, gases are separately placed in a particular location with a specific identity in the modern periodic table.

4. The classification of elements is colour on the atomic number, which is a more basic property.

5. Many scientists have contributed their priceless efforts to systematically arrange the elements in a table. This lead to the development of the Periodic Table that we use today.

The Constituents of the Modern Periodic Table 

The periodic table classification has been done with mainly four types of elements. The elements present in the modern periodic table are :

1. The noble gases: a group of rare gases that consist of helium, radon, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon 

2. The main transition element: Electrons that can engage in chemical bond formation in two shells instead of just one shell.

3. The representative elements:  the group of elements from the group l and ll and the last six groups on the periodic table 

4. The inner transition element: the chemical elements, normally shown below all other elements