Foc (fiber Optic Route Checker) Interview Questions And Answers
Question: 1. Explain Surveillance Systems?
Answer:
Surveillance systems are becoming extra prevalent in homes, particularly governmental, banking, or other buildings which might be taken into consideration viable protection dangers. While coax connections are common in brief hyperlinks and structured cabling advocates say you could run cameras limited distances on Cat 5E or Cat 6 UPT like computer networks, fiber has come to be a far more not unusual desire. Besides providing greater flexibility in digicam placement because of its distance functionality, fiber optic cabling is a great deal smaller and light-weight, allowing less complicated set up, specifically in older centers like airports or large buildings that can have available spaces already packed with many generations of copper cabling.
Question: 2. Explain Premises Networks?
Answer:
Premises cable systems are designed to carry laptop networks primarily based on Ethernet which currently may operate at speeds from 10 megabits in keeping with 2d to ten gigabits according to 2nd. Other systems may also carry security systems with virtual or analog video, perimeter alarms or entry systems, which can be normally low speeds, at least as a long way as fiber is involved. Premises phone systems may be carried on conventional twisted pair cables or, as is turning into extra not unusual, make use of LAN cabling with voice over IP (VoIP) generation.
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Question: three. Explain Premises Cabling?
Answer:
The desire for mobility, in conjunction with the growth of linked offerings, appears to result in a new type of company community. Fiber optic backbone with copper to the computing device where people need direct connections and a couple of wireless get right of entry to points, more than is not unusual in the past, for full coverage and preserving an inexpensive range of customers in keeping with get admission to factor is the new norm for corporate networks.
Question: 4. Where Direct Buried Cable Is Placed?
Answer:
Direct buried cable is located underground without conduit. Here the cable need to be designed to withstand the rigors of being buried in dirt, so it is usually a greater rugged cable, armored to save you harm from rodent chewing or the pressures of dirt and rocks in which it’s far buried. Direct burial is generally restricted to areas where the floor is generally soil with few rocks right down to the depth required so trenching or plowing in cable is without difficulty achieved. Splices on direct buried cables can be saved above floor in a pedestal or buried underground. Sufficient extra cable is needed to allow splicing in a managed environment, usually a splicing trailer, and the garage of excess cable must be considered.
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Question: five. How To Choosing Components For Outside Plant Installations?
Answer:
The choice of outside plant fiber optic (OSP) components begins with developing the path the cable plant will comply with. Once the direction is ready, one is aware of wherein cables could be run, wherein splices are located and where the cables will be terminated. All that determines what alternatives have to be made on cable type, hardware and now and again installation methodology.
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Question: 6. Explain Premises And Campus Installations?
Answer:
Premises and campus installations may be less complicated because the physical vicinity concerned is smaller and the options fewer. Start with a great set of architectural drawings and, if possible, contact the architect, contractor and/or building supervisor. Having get right of entry to to them way you’ve got someone to ask for facts and advice. Hopefully the drawings are to be had as CAD documents so you could have a copy to do the network cabling design in your computer, which makes tweaking and documenting the design so much less difficult.
Question: 7. How To Planning The Route?
Answer:
Having determined to apply fiber optics and selected device suitable for the utility, it is time to decide precisely wherein the cable plant and hardware will be positioned. One aspect to take into account – each set up can be particular. The real placement of the cable plant will be decided through the physical places alongside the direction, neighborhood building codes or laws and different individuals involved in the designs. As typical, premises and outdoor plant installations are distinct so we will do not forget them one by one.
Hardware and Networking Interview Questions
Question: 8. How To Choose Transmission Equipment?
Answer:
Choosing transmission device is the following step in designing a fiber optic network. This step will usually be a cooperative mission concerning the patron, who is aware of what types of facts they want to speak, the fashion designer and installer, and the manufacturers of transmission device. Transmission system and the cable plant are tightly interrelated. The distance and bandwidth will help decide the fiber kind vital and a good way to dictate the optical interfaces at the cable plant. The ease of selecting device can also depend on the kind of communications system wished.
Question: 9. What Is The Use Of Cabling Standards?
Answer:
Many documents regarding cable plant design recognition on industry standards for each communications structures and cable plant life. US standards come from the TIA or Telcordia at the same time as international standards may additionally come from ISO/IEC or ITU.
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Question: 10. Which Cable Mostly Building Management Systems Use?
Answer:
Most building management structures use proprietary copper cabling, as an instance thermostat wiring and paging/audio speaker structures. Security tracking and access systems, clearly the lower value ones, nevertheless depend on coax copper cable, despite the fact that excessive safety facilities like authorities and military installations regularly pay the extra value for fiber’s extra cozy nature.
Question: eleven. What Premises Networks Generally Operate?
Answer:
Premises networks normally function over multimode fiber. Multimode systems are less highly-priced than singlemode systems, not due to the fact the fiber is inexpensive (it isn’t always) nor due to the fact cable is inexpensive (the same), however due to the fact the huge core of multimode fiber permits the use of cheaper LED or VCSEL resources in transmitters, making the electronics a whole lot less expensive. Astute designers and give up customers frequently include both multimode and singlemode fibers in their backbone cables (referred to as hybrid cables) on the grounds that singlemode fibers are very inexpensive and it provides a simply limitless capability to make bigger the systems.
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Question: 12. Explain Fiber As Communications Medium?
Answer:
Fiber is the communications medium of preference, seeing that its more distance and bandwidth competencies make it both the handiest preference or considerably much less pricey than copper or wireless. Only inner buildings is there a preference to be made, and that choice is affected by economics, network architecture and the subculture of using copper interior homes. Next, we will study the fiber/copper/wi-fi picks in extra detail.
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Question: thirteen. Explain Metropolitan Networks?
Answer:
Metropolitan networks owned and operated by means of cities can convey a diffusion of visitors, which include surveillance cameras, emergency services, academic systems, smartphone, LAN, security, site visitors tracking and manipulate and from time to time even traffic for business pursuits using leased bandwidth on dark fibers or town-owned fibers. However, considering most are designed to guide longer hyperlinks than premises or campus applications, singlemode is the fiber of preference.
Question: 14. Explain Osp Applications Of Fiber?
Answer:
There are many other OSP packages of fiber. Intelligent highways are dotted with safety cameras and signs and/or alerts connected on fiber. Security monitoring structures in huge homes like airports, government and business homes, casinos, and so on. Are usually related on fiber because of the long distances worried. Like different networks, premises packages are normally multimode even as OSP is singlemode to help longer links.
Question: 15. Which Fibers Catv Also Uses?
Answer:
CATV additionally uses singlemode fibers with structures which are both hybrid fiber-coax (HFC) or digital where the backbone is fiber and the relationship to the house is on coax. Coax nonetheless works for CATV because it has very high bandwidth itself. Some CATV carriers have mentioned or maybe tried some fiber to the house, but have no longer visible the economics turn out to be attractive but.
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Question: 16. Explain Outside Plant Networks?
Answer:
Telephone networks are specifically outdoor plant (OSP) structures, connecting homes over distances as short as some hundred meters to hundreds or hundreds of kilometers. Data rates for telecom are usually 2.Five to 10 gigabits in step with 2nd the usage of very high power lasers that perform completely over singlemode fibers. The large push for telecom is now taking fiber directly to a business constructing or the home, since the alerts are actually too fast for traditional twisted copper pairs.
Question: 17. Explain Communications System?
Answer:
Before you’ll be able to begin to design a fiber optic cable plant, one wishes to set up with the give up user or network proprietor wherein the network will be constructed and what communications indicators it will deliver. The contractor need to be acquainted with premises networks, in which laptop networks (LANs or neighborhood location networks) and safety structures use established cabling systems built round nicely-defined industry standards. Once the cabling exits a constructing, even for brief hyperlinks as an instance in a campus or metropolitan network, necessities for fiber and cable kinds change. Long distance links for telecommunications, CATV or software networks have other, extra stringent necessities, necessary to aid longer excessive velocity links, that have to be considered.
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Question: 18. Which Is Better Copper, Fiber Or Wireless?
Answer:
While discussions of that’s better – copper, fiber or wireless – has enlivened cabling discussions for decades, it is turning into moot. Communications generation and the end person market, it appears, have already made selections that typically dictate the media and many networks combine all three. The designer of cabling networks, specially fiber optic networks, and their customers today commonly have a quite smooth task finding out which media to apply once the communications structures are selected.
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Question: 19. How Much Qualifications For Fiber Optic Network Designers Required?
Answer:
Designers have to have an in-depth knowledge of fiber optic additives and systems and set up strategies as well as all relevant requirements, codes and some other nearby rules. They ought to additionally be familiar with most telecom era (cabled or wi-fi), website surveys, nearby politics, codes and requirements, and where to discover specialists in the ones fields whilst help is wanted.
Question: 20. How Foc Working With Others?
Answer:
Designing a community calls for operating with different employees concerned in the mission, even past the purchaser. These may consist of network engineers normally from IT (statistics technology) departments, architects and engineers overseeing a main task and contractors concerned with building the projects. Other companies like engineers or designers worried in elements of undertaking design including protection, CATV or industrial gadget designers or specialised designers for premises cabling may also be overseeing diverse parts of a assignment that includes the layout and set up of fiber optic cable flowers and structures. Even organization non-technical control might also grow to be worried whilst elements of the gadget are preferred to be on showcase to site visitors.
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Question: 21. What Is Fiber Optic Network Design?
Answer:
Fiber optic community design refers back to the specialized processes main to a a hit set up and operation of a fiber optic network. It includes figuring out the sort of communication machine(s) with the intention to be carried over the network, the geographic layout (premises, campus, outdoor plant (OSP, etc.), the transmission system required and the fiber network over which it’ll function. Designing a fiber optic community commonly additionally calls for interfacing to different networks which can be connected over copper cabling and wireless.