Drug Biotechnology Assessment Questions and Answers on “Biopharmaceuticals – Parenteral Controlled Release Systems”.
1. Which of the following should not be a property of implants?
a) Environmental stable
b) Biostable
c) Non-toxic
d) Nonremovable
Answer: d
Clarification: The implants should be environment-friendly and should not breakdown under the influence of heat, light, air or moisture. It should be biostable, biocompatible, non-toxic and non-carcinogenic. It should be removable when required. It should be able to release medication at a constant predetermined rate.
2. Which is the disadvantage for implants?
a) More effective
b) More prolonged action
c) Significantly small dose
d) Need of microsurgery
Answer: d
Clarification: The advantages of implants are these are more effective, have prolonged action, and a small dose is sufficient for the patient. The major disadvantage of such systems is that microsurgery is required for the implantation device. Although some implants can be implanted by specially designed implant syringe.
3. Subcutaneous tissue is an ideal location for implants?
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Due to a very easy access for the implants the subcutaneous tissue became an ideal location for implanting. Moreover it has poor perfusion, slow drug absorption and less reactivity to many of the foreign materials. The system is generally prepared as implantable flexible or rigid rods or spherical tablets. Polymers used for making such implants are polymethacrylates, elastomers, etc.
4. Which of the following drugs are used in implants?
a) Pantoprazole
b) Mannitol
c) Amlodipine
d) Morphine antagonist
Answer: d
Clarification: Drugs which are generally used for such implants are steroids like contraceptives, morphine antagonists like naltrexone for opioid-dependent addicts. Polymers used for making such implants are polymethacrylates, elastomers, etc. The system is generally prepared as implantable flexible or rigid rods or spherical tablets.
5. Which of the following is a false statement for vapour pressure pump?
a) The device consists of two chambers
b) A chamber contains the drug solution
c) Drug solution chamber is separated by rigid walls
d) Vapour chamber contains vaporizable fluids
Answer: c
Clarification: The disc-shaped device consists of two chambers. The infuscate chamber consists if the drug solution which will be separated by a freely movable flexible bellow from the vapor chamber containing vaporizable fluids. The volatile liquid vaporizes at body temperature after implantation thus creating vapour pressure which compresses and expels the drug through a series of flow regulators.
6. After implantation of a vapour pressure pump, the body has to get heated by exercising so that the volatile liquid vaporizes.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: After implantation, the volatile liquid vaporizes at the body temperature and creates a vapor pressure that compresses and expels the drug through a series of flow regulators at a constant rate. Insulin and morphine have been successfully delivered by such implants. The disc-shaped device consists of two chambers. The infuscate chamber consists if the drug solution which will be separated by a freely movable flexible bellow from the vapor chamber containing vaporizable fluids.
7. Which of the following is a characteristic of battery powered pumps?
a) Free flowing powders
b) The system is programmed to release drugs at a controlled rate
c) Control drug release by partitioning the drug from the oil
d) Administration of emulsions
Answer: b
Clarification: Battery powered pumps are such that they are programmed to release drugs of a certain amount when the range of those components is differing from the normal value. Their design is such that the drug moves towards the exit and there is no backflow of the liquid. They are of two types these are peristaltic pump and solenoid driven reciprocating pump.
8. The drug loading in resealed erythrocytes can be done by 1st immersing the cells in a buffered hypertonic solution.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: No the cells have to be immersed in a hypotonic solution. The cells must be immersed in a buffered hypotonic solution of drug which causes these cells to rupture and release hemoglobin and trap the medication. The restoration can be done by the restoration of the isotonicity and incubating them at 37°C, the cells reseal and are ready to use.
9. How are MLV liposomes made?
a) 2-10 bilayers of lipid
b) Series of concentric bilayers of lipid
c) The single bilayer of lipid
d) 100 bilayer of lipid
Answer: b
Clarification: MLV are also known as multilamellar vesicles. These liposomes are made of series of concentric bilayers of lipids enclosing a small internal volume. 2-10 bilayers are lipid is used to make OLV. A single bilayer of lipid is used to make ULV.
10. How are OLV liposomes made?
a) 2-10 bilayers of lipid
b) Series of concentric bilayers of lipid
c) A single bilayer of lipid
d) 100 bilayer of lipid
Answer: a
Clarification: OLV is also known as oligolamellar vesicles. These are made up of 2-10 bilayers of lipid surrounding a large internal volume which will be consisting of the drug. MLV is made up of a series of concentric bilayers of lipids. ULV is made of a single layer of lipids. There can be varying sizes from 20-40 nm to 1000 nm.
Drug Biotechnology Assessment Questions,