Fermentation Technology Multiple Choice Questions on “Brewing Yeast – Yeast Genome”.
1. Who published the complete sequence of the genome of S. cerevisiae in 1996?
A. Wheals
B. Goffeau
C. Priest
D. Gutteridgeid5fdcf03e91af7″
Answer: B
Clarification: Goffeau et al. in 1996 published the complete sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is now used to investigate the extent of gene order conversation in different species and possible to relate fragmentary gene order information from many fungi to S. cerevisiae.
2. What do you mean by allele?
A. A form of a gene found on the same place on the chromosome
B. The building block of proteins
C. A specialized haploid cell
D. Discrete physical unitsid5fdcf03e91b27″
Answer: A
Clarification: Allele is one of the alternative forms of a gene. They are found in the same place on the chromosome. Humans have two alleles at each genetic locus, that is why humans are diploid.
3. What of the following is false for a gene?
A. They are called factors
B. It is a unit of heredity
C. A segment of DNA
D. The sex of a yeast cellid5fdcf03e91b37″
Answer: D
Clarification: Genes are the factors which are responsible for controlling traits or characters in an organism. It is a unit of heredity. Basically, the gene is a segment of DNA coding for a polypeptide chain.
4. Which of the following human gene is homologous to CCC2 yeast gene?
A. CFTR
B. ALD
C. WAD
D. ATMid5fdcf03e91b43″
Answer: C
Clarification: CCC2 gene is a yeast gene that is homologous to human gen WAD. CCC2 gene in yeast is responsible for copper transporter whereas, WAD in humans is responsible for Wilson disease (copper accumulation in the liver and brain).
5. Which of the following is gene is associated with Adrenoleukodystrophy?
A. ALD
B. ATM
C. BLM 1
D. WADid5fdcf03e91b4e”
Answer: A
Clarification: ALD gene in humans is associated with Adrenoleukodystrophy. It is a genetic disorder in which accumulation of long-chain fatty acids occur which leads to demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS) or may also lead to death.
6. Lowe syndrome occurs due to _________
A. BLM 1
B. ATM
C. ALD
D. OCRLid5fdcf03e91b58″
Answer: D
Clarification: OCRL gene is responsible for Lowe syndrome. It is X-linked recessive disorder which is characterized by congenital cataracts. It leads to mental retardation, renal abnormalities, cataracts, and glaucoma.
7. What are Ty elements?
A. Elements of diploid cells
B. Members of LTR-containing retrotransposons
C. Copies of chromosome
D. The network of fibrous microtubulesid5fdcf03e91b62″
Answer: B
Clarification: Ty elements are members of a widely distributed family of eukaryotic elements called LTR-containing retrotransposons. The sequence organization of Ty elements is the same as retroviruses.
8. Which of the following human gene is homologous to SGS1?
A. ALD
B. ATM
C. BLM1
D. MLH1id5fdcf03e91b6c”
Answer: C
Clarification: SGS1 yeast gene is homologous to BLM1 human gene. SGS1 gene is responsible for enzyme helicase in yeast. Whereas BLM1 in human is responsible for Bloom syndrome and Werner’s syndrome.
9. Batten’s disease is responsible due to __________
A. NF1
B. OCRL
C. CLN3
D. ATMid5fdcf03e91b77″
Answer: C
Clarification: CLN3 gene is responsible for Batten’s disease. CLN3 gene product function as a chaperone involved in folding/unfolding or assembly/disassembly of other proteins and is responsible for making a protein battenin.
10. CCH1 gene in yeast codes for ________________
A. Inhibitory regulator protein
B. Ca+2 channel
C. Voltage gated-channel
D. P13 kinaseid5fdcf03e91b81″
Answer: B
Clarification: CCH1 gene in yeast codes for a component of a yeast Ca+2 channel that mediates Ca+2 uptake in response to mating pheromone, salt stress, and Mn2+ depletion. The human gene homologous to CCH1 is CACNL-A4 which is responsible for migraine.
11. ‘Whi’ is the mutant of __________
A. S. cerevisiae
B. S. pombe
C. S. pastorianus
D. S. boulardiiid5fdcf03e91b8b”
Answer: A
Clarification: ‘Whi’ is the mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The mutants of Saccharomyces pombe is called as ‘wee’. Wee and Whi start budding at only half the cell size of wild type cells. Because of their small size, they are named as ‘wee’ and ‘whi’.
12. TEL1 gene in yeast codes for ________
A. Helicase
B. DNA repair protein
C. P13 kinase
D. Metal resistant proteinid5fdcf03e91b95″
Answer: C
Clarification: TEL1 gene in yeast codes for P13 kinase. P13 kinase is phosphoinositide 3-kinase which has many cellular functions like cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, motility, survival, and intracellular trafficking.
13. The introns are the coding regions of mRNA.
A. True
B. Falseid5fdcf03e91b9f”
Answer: B
Clarification: The introns are the non-coding regions which are present in immature mRNA. The introns are to be removed to process the mature mRNA. Exons are the coding regions of mRNA.
14. Transposons are the junk-DNA.
A. True
B. Falseid5fdcf03e91ba9″
Answer: A
Clarification: Transposons are the mobile genetic elements which are non-coding genes, that is why they are called as junk-DNA. Transposons are mobile and are able to change their position within a genome.