Drug Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions on “Drug Distribution – Affecting Factors”.
1. Who has more intracellular and extracellular water more in their body?
a) Aged
b) Adults Of age more than 20
c) Infants
d) Children at puberty
Answer: c
Clarification: The total body water is the net content of water present in intracellular and extracellular of an animal body. The total body water in the case of a human being is more in an infant’s body.
2. Who has higher fat content?
a) Adults of age above 70
b) Adults of age more than 20
c) Infants and elders
d) Children at puberty
Answer: c
Clarification: Total fat content is the amount of fat in a person’s body. The total fat content is higher in infants and as well as elders.
3. Who has poorly developed BBB?
a) Infants
b) Adults Of age more than 20
c) Aged
d) Children at puberty
Answer: a
Clarification: Infants are newly born. Their BBB is poorly developed. The myelin content is low but the cerebral blood flow is very high. Thus leading to the high penetrating ability of the drugs into the brain of infants.
4. During pregnancy, drug distribution is more. Which of the following sentences describe the given fact better?
a) The baby needs more drug
b) The mother needs more drug due to high metabolism
c) The surface area increases in the mother’s body due to the presence of uterus, placenta, and foetus. Thus more area for distribution of drugs
d) The growth of the uterus, placenta, and foetus increases the volume thus increasing distribution. And even the baby forms a separate compartment for a drug to get distributed
Answer: d
Clarification: Pregnancy leads to the growth of uterus, placenta, and foetus increases the volume thus increasing distribution. And even the baby forms a separate compartment for the drug to get distributed. The plasma and the ECF volume also increase.
5. What happens when an obese person is given with a lipophilic drug?
a) Drug aggregation will begin
b) He cannot absorb lipophilic drugs
c) High adipose tissue take up most of the lipophilic drug
d) A large amount of drug is needed as the person’s weight is more
Answer: c
Clarification: The high adipose tissue in the obese person take up a large fraction of the lipophilic drugs. Though the perfusion through it is low. The high fatty acid levels in obese person alter the binding characteristics of acidic drugs.
6. What is the consequence of diet high in fats?
a) The patient can’t be given with acidic drugs
b) The patient can’t be given with basic drugs
c) The basic drugs will aggregate and become poisonous for him
d) The high fatty acid level affect the binding of acidic drugs
Answer: d
Clarification: High fatty diet leads to an increase in fatty acids in the patients’ blood. This affects the binding of acidic drugs to the plasma. Example drugs such as NSAIDs to albumin.
7. The extent to which a drug is distributed is a tissue depends upon ___________ and _____________
a) The concentration of a drug, tissue/blood partition coefficient of drug
b) Tissue volume, tissue/blood partition coefficient of drug
c) Tissue surface area, tissue/blood partition coefficient of drug
d) Blood density upon the tissue, tissue/blood partition coefficient of drug
Answer: b
Clarification: The distribution of the drug in a tissue or organ depends upon the size of the tissue i.e. the volume of the tissue. And also depends upon the tissue/blood partition coefficient of a drug.
8. Which one of the following has a high perfusion rate?
a) Fat
b) Muscle and skin
c) Lungs and kidney
d) Bone
Answer: c
Clarification: High perfusion rate is seen in the organs such as lungs, kidneys, adrenals, liver, heart, brain. Moderate perfusion rate is in muscles and skin. Least perfusion rate is in fat and bones.
9. Which one of the following has very low perfusion rate?
a) Fat and bone
b) Muscle and skin
c) Lungs and kidney
d) Liver and Heart
Answer: a
Clarification: High perfusion rate is seen in the organs such as lungs, kidneys, adrenals, liver, heart, brain. The moderate perfusion rate is in muscles and skin. Least perfusion rate is in fat and bones.
10. Infants have high albumin content.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: Infants and elders have low albumin content in their body. Infants have high body water, high-fat content but less skeletal muscles.
11. Disease state of a patient can influence drug distribution across the body.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Yes the statement is true since disease states can alter drug-protein binding, alter perfusion of the drug into any organ, and alter the pH of some tissue. In meningitis and encephalitis polar antibiotics gain access to BBB which don’t happen to a healthy person.
12. In meningitis and encephalitis polar antibiotics gain access to BBB which don’t happen to a healthy person.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: In meningitis and encephalitis the Blood-brain barrier becomes more permeable. Thus polar antibiotics which couldn’t gain access to the brain of a healthy human being can easily pass the blood-brain barrier and gain access to the brain.