Energy and Environment Management online test on “Environmental Ethics : Issues and Possible Solutions”.
1. Environmental ethics belongs to which part?
a) Environmental science
b) Environmental chemistry
c) Environmental philosophy
d) Environmental studies
Answer: c
Clarification: Environmental ethics is the part of environmental philosophy. It considers extending the traditional boundaries of ethics from solely including humans to including environment which are of many organisms.
2. On what Marshall’s category of conservation ethics valid?
a) Usefulness to all organisms
b) Usefulness to humans
c) Usefulness to the ecosystem
d) Non usefulness to humans
Answer: b
Clarification: Marshal’s category of conservation ethics is an extension of use value into the biological world. It only on the worth of the environment in terms of its usefulness or utility to humans only in this situation it is valid.
3. According to anthropocentrism who are more important?
a) Fishes
b) Lizards
c) Humans
d) Lions
Answer: c
Clarification: Anthropocentrism is the position that humans are the most important or critical element in any situation. According to anthropocentrism human race must always be its own primary concern apart from the rest.
4. Who distinguished between two types of anthropocentrism?
a) Aristotle
b) Michael Smith
c) Chris Lynn
d) Peter Vardy
Answer: d
Clarification: Peter Vardy distinguished between two types of anthropocentrism they are strong and weak anthropocentrism. Strong anthropocentrism argues that humans are at the center of reality. Weak anthropocentrism argues that reality can be only interpreted from a human point of view.
5. Who coined the term “Environmental Pragmatism”?
a) Smith harry
b) Henry willsion
c) David Walker
d) Bryan Norton
Answer: d
Clarification: Bryan Norton developed one of the essential actors of environmental ethics by launching environmental pragmatism. It refuses to take a stance in disputes between defenders of anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism ethics.
6. Environmental ethics exerts influence on a large range of disciplines.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Environmental ethics exerts influence on a large range of disciplines including environmental law, environmental sociology, ecotheology, ecology, ecological economics and environmental geography.
7. Who is the dominant species in the planet according to human centered environmental worldviews?
a) Blue whale
b) Elephant
c) Giraffe
d) Human
Answer: d
Clarification: According to the human centered environmental worldviews, on the planet most important and dominant species are human. Humans can and should manage the planet mostly for own benefit. This creating imbalance in the environment.
8. Which one of the following is not an ethical guideline?
a) Developing respect for all life
b) Understanding how earth works
c) Considering humans as the predominant species
d) Seeking of environmental wisdom
Answer: c
Clarification: Apart from the humans as the predominant species all other options are important ethical guidelines known as Earth Ethics or Environmental Ethics. Considering humans as predominant leads to the long-term harmful for environmental and social consequences.
9. What is the main reason environmental destruction?
a) Due to consumption of the poor
b) Due to consumption of the rich
c) Due to no consumption
d) Due to consumption in certain interval of times
Answer: b
Clarification: Environmental destruction is largely caused by the consumption of the rich. The worst sufferers of environmental destruction are the poor, even among the poor the worst sufferers are the backward cultures and women.
10. What is the full form of GNP?
a) Gross Nation Product
b) Gross Nation Purchase
c) Gross Nation Premises
d) Grand Nation Product
Answer: a
Clarification: The Gross Nation Product (GNP) is the total amount of product produced in the entire nation. The GNP will be enhanced if we can stop and reverse the growing alienation between people and the resources.
11. When was first earth day celebrated?
a) December 23, 1956
b) May 21, 1965
c) April 22, 1970
d) July 24, 1976
Answer: c
Clarification: Understanding the serious implications of depletion of the natural resources, earth day was started observing from April 22, 1970 onwards. The purpose is to make people and government agencies aware of the importance of caring and preserving the environment.
12. Which one of the following is the major environmental issue?
a) Use of resources
b) Use of economy
c) Education
d) Employment
Answer: a
Clarification: Use of resources is one of the important environmental issues. Developed countries use a major part of natural resources. The developing county like India also overuses its natural resources for its large population.
13. The common property of rural communities has increasingly been used to supply the needs of the ______________
a) Forests
b) Urban
c) Deserts
d) Water bodies
Answer: b
Clarification: An urban-rural equity issue is of the major environmental ethics facing. The rural sector supplies food and part of the energy needs to most towns and cities in India. The common lands of the rural sector are being depleted of their resources.
14. Environmental ethics tells all the life forms on Earth have the right to live.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: The environmental ethics brings out the fact that all the life forms on Earth have the right to live. By destroying nature we are denying the life forms. The food web clearly indicates that humans, plants and animals are closely linked with each other and everyone have the right to live.