Drug Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions on “Histamine, Bradykinin and Their Antagonists – Pharmacotherapy of Hypertension – 1”.
1. We tell a person has a high blood pressure when the systolic pressure is ____________
a) More than 140 mm Hg
b) More than 90 mm Hg
c) More than 110 mm Hg
d) More than 200 mm Hg
Answer: a
Clarification: A person is told to have a higher blood pressure when the systolic blood pressure is higher than 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure is higher than 90 mmHg. Blood pressure is the force of blood exerted on arteries as it flows through them. A normal healthier person has BP systolic less than 120 mmHg and diastolic less than 80 mmHg.
2. We tell a person has a high blood pressure when the diastolic pressure is ____________
a) More than 140 mm Hg
b) More than 90 mm Hg
c) More than 110 mm Hg
d) More than 200 mm Hg
Answer: b
Clarification: A person is told to have a higher blood pressure when the diastolic blood pressure is higher than 90 mmHg and the systolic blood pressure is higher than 140 mmHg. Diastolic is the measure of the force of the blood on the artery walls when the ventricles squeeze the blood so that it can go to our different body parts.
3. Which combination of systolic and diastolic pressure tells a person has stage 1 hypertension?
a) Less than 120 mm Hg Systolic and less than 80 mm Hg diastolic
b) 120-139 mm Hg Systolic and 80-89 mm Hg diastolic
c) 140-159 mm Hg Systolic and 90-99 mm Hg diastolic
d) More than 160 mm Hg Systolic and more than 100 mm Hg diastolic
Answer: c
Clarification: A person is told to have a higher blood pressure when the systolic blood pressure is higher than 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure is higher than 90 mmHg. Blood pressure is the force of blood exerted on arteries as it flows through them. A normal healthier person has BP systolic less than 120 mmHg and diastolic less than 80 mmHg. A person has stage 1 hypertension when he/ she has Blood pressure 140-159 mm Hg Systolic and 90-99 mm Hg diastolic and stage 2 hypertension when more than 160 mm Hg Systolic and more than 100 mm Hg diastolic.
4. Which combination of systolic and diastolic pressure tells a person has stage 2 hypertension?
a) Less than 120 mm Hg Systolic and less than 80 mm Hg diastolic
b) 120-139 mm Hg Systolic and 80-89 mm Hg diastolic
c) 140-159 mm Hg Systolic and 90-99 mm Hg diastolic
d) More than 160 mm Hg Systolic and more than 100 mm Hg diastolic
Answer: d
Clarification: A person has stage 1 hypertension when he/ she has Blood pressure 140-159 mm Hg Systolic and 90-99 mm Hg diastolic and stage 2 hypertension when more than 160 mm Hg Systolic and more than 100 mm Hg diastolic. A normal healthier person has BP systolic less than 120 mmHg and diastolic less than 80 mmHg.
5. On which of the factor the blood pressure depends upon?
a) Nervous system
b) Kidney function
c) Fluid volume
d) Hormonal change
Answer: c
Clarification: Blood pressure depends upon cardiac output, contractility, fluid volume, peripheral vascular resistance. Blood pressure is affected by the nervous system, kidney functions, hormonal changes, capillary fluid shift. A person is told to have a higher blood pressure when the systolic blood pressure is higher than 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure is higher than 90 mmHg.
6. On which of the factor the blood pressure is affected by?
a) Nervous system
b) Cardiac output
c) Contractility
d) Peripheral vascular resistance
Answer: a
Clarification: Nervous system doesn’t directly affect the blood pressure of our body. Cardiac output, contractility, peripheral vascular resistance plays a huge role in determining the blood pressure of a person. Blood pressure depends upon cardiac output, contractility, fluid volume, peripheral vascular resistance. Blood pressure is affected by the nervous system, kidney functions, hormonal changes, capillary fluid shift.
7. Which of the following is not a treatment for Hypertension?
a) 1st line treatment
b) 2nd line treatment
c) 3rd line treatment
d) Intake of lots of protein rich food
Answer: d
Clarification: The steps of treating HTN are lifestyle modification, first-line treatment, second-line treatment, third line treatment. Usually, by routine doctor’s visit, one high BP reading does not mean you have HTN thus it is always recommended to take repeated BP reading will be done at different positions, complete physical, medical and family history will be performed, risk factors are identified.
8. Which are the drugs for 1st line treatment of hypertension?
a) Diuretic
b) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
c) Increase drug dose
d) Need further studies
Answer: a
Clarification: 1st line treatment should continue with lifestyle modification, initial drug selection should be diuretic, beta-blocker. If inadequate, continue to second-line treatment which includes adding drugs such as Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor, Calcium Channel Blocker. If inadequate, continue to third line treatment increase drug dose or Substitute another drug or add a second drug from another class. If inadequate may need to do further studies serious organ damage may be present.
9. Which are the drugs for 2nd line treatment of hypertension?
a) Diuretic
b) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
c) Increase drug dose
d) Need further studies
Answer: b
Clarification: Second-line treatment which includes adding drugs such as Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor, Calcium Channel Blocker, Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB), α- blocker, α- and β-blocker. And line should be given when 1st line treatment with lifestyle modification, initial drug selection should be diuretic, beta-blocker is in adequate. If 2nd line treatment is inadequate, continue to third line treatment increase drug dose or Substitute another drug or add a second drug from another class. If inadequate may need to do further studies serious organ damage may be present.
10. Which are the drugs for 3rd line treatment of hypertension?
a) Diuretic
b) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
c) Increase drug dose
d) Need further studies
Answer: c
Clarification: Third line treatment is increasing drug dose or substitute another drug or add a second drug from another class. 1st line treatment should continue with lifestyle modification, initial drug selection should be diuretic, beta-blocker. If inadequate, continue to second-line treatment which includes adding drugs such as Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor, Calcium Channel Blocker, Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB), α- blocker, α- and β-blocker.