Biology Multiple Choice Questions on “Human Reproduction – Structure of a Mammary Gland”.
1. What kind of tissue is the mammary gland mainly made of?
a) Adipose tissue
b) Glandular tissue
c) Epithelial tissue
d) Connective tissue
Answer: b
Clarification: A functional mammary gland is distinctive of all female mammals. The mammary glands are paired structures (breasts) that contains the glandular tissue and variable amounts of fat.
2. Glandular tissues contain _____ at the ends.
a) alveoli
b) bronchioles
c) ampulla
d) lobule
Answer: a
Clarification: The mammary glands are made of glandular tissue. The glandular tissue of each breast is divided into 15-20 mammary lobes containing clusters of cells called alveoli.
3. What do the alveoli secrete?
a) Bile
b) Hemoglobin
c) Milk
d) Sweat
Answer: c
Clarification: The cells of alveoli secrete milk, which is stored in the cavities (lumens) of alveoli. Bile is secreted by the liver that helps digest lipids. Sweat is secreted by the sweat glands to maintain body temperature.
4. What does the alveoli open into?
a) Mammary glands
b) Mammary tubules
c) Mammary ducts
d) Glandular tissue
Answer: b
Clarification: The alveoli open into mammary tubules. The tubules of each lobe join to form a mammary duct. Breasts are made up of glandular tissue.
5. Mammary ducts join and form a wider mammary ______
a) ducts
b) tubules
c) ampulla
d) tissue
Answer: c
Clarification: The alveoli opens into mammary tubules. The tubules of each lobe join to form a mammary duct. Several mammary ducts join to form a wider mammary ampulla which is connected to lactiferous duct through which milk is sucked out.
6. Mother’s milk doesn’t have any antibodies.
a) False
b) True
Answer: a
Clarification: Mother’s milk provides postnatal nourishment for the baby and provides it with basic immunity through antibodies. Immunoglobulin A is found the most in the milk.
7. Yellow fluid that appears at the earliest stage of breast feeding is called __________
a) bile
b) milk
c) cholesterol
d) colostrum
Answer: d
Clarification: Colostrum is the yellow fluid that appears at the beginning of breast feeding. It is highly nutritious for the baby as that is the only thing that provides protection for the baby (rich in antibodies).
8. Production of milk is called _________
a) Lactation
b) Galactorrhea
c) Lactorrhea
d) Galactation
Answer: a
Clarification: Lactation occurs in females only when they’ve gestated a foetus. In some cases lactorrhea also know as galactorrhea is the occasional production of milk without any gestation.
9. Contractions of the myoepithelial cells eject milk.
a) False
b) True
Answer: b
Clarification: Myoepithelial cells surround the alveoli. Contractions of these cells push the milk through the ducts and out through the nipple to feed the infant.
10. What happens after the weaning of an infant?
a) Galactorrhea
b) Lactorrhea
c) Production of milk continues
d) Involution
Answer: d
Clarification: After the weaning of an infant, the process of lactation stops and the process of apoptosis begins. This is the controlled death of the mammary cells which eventually brings back the glands to its puberty stage.