Energy & Environment Management Multiple Choice Questions on “Human-Wildlife Conflicts, Threats and Conservation of Biodiversity”.
1. What is called for any interaction between humans and wildlife that result in negative impacts on cultural life or on the environment?
a) Human-wildlife interactions
b) Human-wildlife services
c) Human-wildlife adjustment
d) Human-wildlife conflict
Answer: d
Clarification: The above definition is given by the World Wide Funds for Nature (WWF). The conflicts take many forms ranging from loss of life or injury to humans, and animals competition for scarce. Human-wildlife conflict occurs when growing human population overlaps with established wildlife territory.
2. Which one of the following is the cause for man-wildlife conflicts?
a) Reduction in the availability of natural food resources
b) Increase in the forest area
c) Adequate rainfall
d) Curiosity of wildlife animals that leads for the invasion to outside the forest area
Answer: a
Clarification: Human population expands into wild animal habitats is one of the reasons for displaced of natural wildlife territory of wildlife. Reduction in the availability of natural prey leads to wild animals seeking alternate sources.
3. Which one of the following is not the outcome of man-wildlife conflict?
a) Damage to human property
b) Increase in the forest area
c) Injury and loss of life of humans and wildlife
d) Destruction of habitat
Answer: b
Clarification: Apart for the increase in the forest area, the above three options are the outcomes of man-wildlife conflict. Man-wildlife conflicts occur with various negative results. Due to these conflicts there is also the chance for the collapse of wildlife populations and reduction of geographic ranges.
4. The Jim Corbett National Park is famous for notable man-eaters _________________
a) Leopard
b) Tiger
c) Bear
d) Lion
Answer: a
Clarification: Jim Corbett National Park is in Uttarakhand. In this National Park, Leopard of Panar, Leopard of Rudraprayag and Leopard of the Mulher Valley have claimed thousands of human and cattle lives.
5. How many types of management techniques of wildlife are there?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Answer: b
Clarification: Management techniques of wildlife are of two types. The first types are the traditional one. This traditional technique aims to stop or minimize the conflict by controlling animal population in different ways. Another technique includes translocation, preservation and regulation of animal populations.
6. World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) playing an important role in reducing human-wildlife conflicts.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: To reduce human-wildlife conflicts, World Wide Fund for Nature has partnered with a number of organizations to provide solutions for human-wildlife conflicts around the globe. Their solutions are tailored to the community and species involved.
7. Which one of the following is a way to reduce human-wildlife conflict?
a) Killing all the wild animals
b) Shifting all the wild animals from natural forests to zoo
c) Use of strobe lights
d) Kill the animals when they invade outside the forests
Answer: c
Clarification: Strobe lights help to scare off destructive nocturnal wildlife. Wary nocturnal have been shown to avoid such light signals. Half strobe light and half motion sensor, the machines flash beams of light randomly in all directions to mimic a farmer with a flashlight.
8. Which one of the following is the major threat for biodiversity?
a) Reduction in the cutting of trees
b) Increase in the number of trees
c) Climate change
d) Balance in the predator and prey in forests
Answer: c
Clarification: Climate change is one of the major threats for biodiversity. Climate is a major factor in the distribution of species across the globe, climate change forcers them to adjust. But many are not able to adjust and that cause them to die.
9. Habitat destruction which results in the threat to biodiversity is resulted due to__________________
a) Agricultural industries
b) Decrease in the human population
c) Adequate rainfall
d) Decrease in the human-wildlife conflicts
Answer: a
Clarification: The primary cause of loss of biodiversity is habitat destruction which is resulted due to commercial activities associated with agriculture, irrigation, fishing etc. Extra land is needed to grow more edible goods and more land has to be cleared to meet these needs.
10. How do invasive species affect the biodiversity?
a) It helps the native species to survive furthermore
b) It forms a close bond with the native species and protects the biodiversity
c) It threaten the survival of the native species
d) It stays for few days without harming the biodiversity
Answer: c
Clarification: Invasive species are the non-native species that invade healthy ecosystems and threaten the survival of the native species either by attacking them or competing with them for the habitat’s resources.
11. What does the acronym “HIPPO” full form, which describes the main causes for threats to biodiversity?
a) Habitat destruction, Invasion species, Pollution, Polarization, and Over-harvesting
b) Habitat destruction, Invasion species, Pollution, Population, and Over-harvesting
c) Habitat destruction, Increase in the species, Pollution, Population, and Ozone depletion
d) Human- wildlife conflict, Invasion species, Polarization, Population, and Over-harvesting
Answer: b
Clarification: Acronym “HIPPO” stands for Habitat destruction, Invasive species, Pollution, Population, and Over-harvesting. This acronym was proposed by Edward Osborne Wilson who is an American Biologist.
12. What is called for the natural habitats under in-situ conservation?
a) Unprotected areas
b) Depleted areas
c) Exploited areas
d) Protected areas
Answer: d
Clarification: In-situ conservation is one of the types of biodiversity conservation. In-situ conservation involves protection of flora and fauna within its natural habitat. The four types of protected areas are as follows, a) Biosphere reserves, b) National parks, c) Wildlife sanctuaries, d) Gene sanctuaries.
13. Gene bank is one of the ways for biodiversity conservation.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Gene bank is one of the types which come under Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity. Genetic variability is preserved by gene bank normal growing conditions. These are cold storages where germ palm are kept under controlled temperature and humidity for storage.
14. Which one of the following is the way for conservation of biodiversity?
a) Increase in the pollution level in the ecosystem
b) Converting forest land into agricultural land in rapid way
c) Removal of exotic species
d) Overexploitation
Answer: c
Clarification: Removal of exotic species is one of the ways for conservation of biodiversity. It will allow the native species that they have negatively impacted to recover their ecological niches. Removal of exotic species is practical only given large groups of individuals due to the economic cost.