Engineering Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions on “Petroleum – 1”.
1. Which region of the world contains the highest reserves of petroleum?
a) Western hemisphere
b) Middle East
c) Eastern hemisphere
d) North Pole
Answer: b
Clarification: 60% of the world reserves of petroleum are in the Middle East which includes parts of Saudi Arabia, Syria etc. 15 % of the reserves are present in the western hemisphere which are mainly contributed by the USA.
2. Petroleum is found in _____________
a) Core of earth
b) In Seas
c) In air
d) Crust of the earth
Answer: d
Clarification: Petroleum is a dark viscous liquid that is formed by the decomposition of dead animals in the earth’s crust for a long period of time. It is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons with small quantities of oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur.
3. According to the inorganic theory in which form does the petroleum is found under the earth’s crust?
a) Metal fluorites
b) Metal pyrites
c) Metal carbides
d) Metal oxides
Answer: c
Clarification: According to the inorganic theory for origin of petroleum, the metal carbides are formed under the earth’s crust due to the interaction of metals and carbon under high temperature and pressure. These carbides reacts with steam or water giving lower hydrocarbons which on further hydrogenation and polymerisation gives complex mixtures.
4. Which of the following point does the inorganic theory of the origin of petroleum fails to explain?
a) Presence of sulphur and nitrogen in the petroleum
b) Presence of uranium carbide in the petroleum
c) Presence of paraffinic molecules in the petroleum
d) Presence of olefinic molecule in the petroleum
Answer: a
Clarification: The theory given by Moison explains the presence of uranium carbide. Apart from S and N, presence of chlorophyll, haemen, prophyrin, and optically active compounds was not explained.
5. According to the organic theory, from which kind of compound does the petroleum is formed?
a) Plant debris
b) Animal and vegetable debris
c) From the decomposers
d) From sunlight
Answer: b
Clarification: According to the organic theory, petroleum is generated from the animal and vegetable debris accumulated in sea basins and buried by sand and slit. The debris is further decomposed by anaerobic bacteria under reducing conditions.
6. What is the role of high temperature and pressure in the making of petroleum (organic theory)?
a) For smooth flowing of petroleum
b) For generating good quality of petroleum
c) For decreasing the time required for its production
d) For providing a suitable condition for decomposers
Answer: d
Clarification: By providing high temperature and pressure, it creates a suitable condition for anaerobic respiration which further removes most of the oxygen present in them. It helps the anaerobic bacteria to decompose animal debris.
7. What type of compounds does the paraffin base oil contains?
a) Paraffin, olefin and aromatic compound
b) Paraffin, nitrogen and sulphur
c) Paraffin, naphthenes and aromatic compound
d) Paraffin, sulphur and aromatic compound
Answer: c
Clarification: Saturated paraffinic hydrocarbons are formed from methane to solid waxes. On distillation of this oil, it leaves a residue of solid paraffin wax. Small amounts of naphthenes and aromatic compounds are generated.
8. Which type of oil is obtained by the distillation of paraffin base oil?
a) Lubricating oil
b) Kerosene
c) Vegetable oil
d) Diesel
Answer: a
Clarification: Lubricating oil obtained from paraffin wax usually has lower specific gravity and higher viscosity index than that obtained from asphaltic base oils. Also, more solid waxes separate from the paraffin base lubricating oil on cooling.
9. Which kind of oils contain asphaltic, naphthenic and aromatic hydrocarbons?
a) Paraffin base oil
b) Asphaltic base oil
c) Mixed base oil
d) Other oils
Answer: b
Clarification: Asphaltic base oil consists of non-paraffinic hydrocarbons such as aromatic and naphthenic hydrocarbons. This oil on distillation leave behind asphalt and bitumen.
10. Mixed base oil does not act as an intermediate between paraffin and asphaltic base oils.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: It acts as an intermediate between paraffin and asphaltic base oils producing varying proportions of asphaltic, naphthenic and aromatic hydrocarbons. It does not produce bitumen on its distillation.