Genetic Engineering Questions and Answers for Campus interviews focuses on “Synthesis of Proteins and Translation In Vitro”.
1. Little quantities of radiolabelled proteins are required for which of the following?
a) co or post translational targeting
b) modification of proteins
c) both co or post translational targeting and modification of proteins
d) crystallization for structural studies
Answer: c
Explanation: Protein synthesis is very important and they are having varied functions. Small quantities of radiolabelled proteins are required for co or post translational targeting and modification of proteins.
2. __________ quantities of _______ protein are required for determination of properties in biochemical and biological assays.
a) Small, non-radiolabelled
b) Small, radiolabelled
c) Large, radiolablelled
d) Large, non-radiolabelled
Answer: d
Explanation: At times, large and non-radiolabelled proteins are required for determination of properties in biochemical and biological assays. It is also required for carrying out the crystallization for structural studies.
3. Small quantities of radiolabelled RNA can be produced by translation in vitro which is done by transcription in vitro.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Explanation: If small quantities of radiolabelled RNA are required, it can be produced by translation in vitro which is accomplished by transcription in vitro.
4. For the production of unlabelled and huge amount of proteins, which of the following is true?
a) Transcription is carried out in vivo and translation in vitro
b) Transcription and translation both are carried out in vivo
c) Transcription and translation both are carried out in vitro
d) Transcription is carried out in vitro and translation in vivo
Answer: b
Explanation: For having, large and unlabelled proteins, transcription and translation both should be carried out in vivo.
5. How many methods are there, which are used for protein synthesis in vitro?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: c
Explanation: There are basically three methods which are used for protein synthesis in vitro. They are based on a lysate of reticulocytes.
6. Reticulocytes are immature red cells, which are obtained from ___________
a) rabbit
b) pig
c) human
d) cow
Answer: a
Explanation: Reticulocytes are immature red blood cells which are obtained from rabbits. The lysate of this is used for transcription in vitro.
7. What is the use of adding micrococcal nuclease in the reticulocyte cells?
a) It degrades DNA
b) It degrades mRNA
c) It degrades proteins
d) It degrades RNA and untranslated DNA
Answer: b
Explanation: The micrococcal nuclease is added in the reticulocyte cells in order to degrade the mRNA. This mRNA produces a high amount of background in translational products.
8. Treatment of reticulocyte cells is done with EGTA. It chelates the calcium ions which are required for functioning of micrococcal nuclease.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Explanation: The treatment of reticulocyte cells is done with EGTA. It chelates the calcium ions and they are required for the functioning of micrococcal nuclease. It is required for cleavage of mRNA.
9. In ________ transcription and translation is coupled.
a) prokaryotes
b) eukaryotes
c) both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
d) both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but favourable in eukaryotes
Answer: a
Explanation: In prokaryotes, transcription and translation are coupled. It means that as the transcription is initiated, translation also starts.
10. In which of the following systems, transcription and translation are carried out together?
a) Reticuloycte lysate
b) Wheat gram extract
c) Both in reticulocyte lysate and wheat gram extract
d) S-30 extract
Answer: d
Explanation: S-30 extract is the one in which transcription and translation are carried out together. In wheat gram extract and reticulocyte lysate, they are carried out separately.
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