Engineering Geology Multiple Choice Questions on “Terminology – 02”.
1. The elastic waves generated at the focus are seismic waves.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: During each earthquake, elastic waves are generated at the focus. These waves are called seismic waves and they travel in all directions with their characteristic velocities.
2. What are the surface waves called as?
a) P-waves
b) S-waves
c) Long waves
d) Transverse waves
Answer: c
Clarification: The L-waves are also called long waves, or surface waves because their journey is confined mainly to the near-surface layers of the Earth.
3. Further classification of L-waves is done into how many types?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: b
Clarification: The L-waves are comparatively sluggish and recorded only after the arrival of the P and S-waves. In character, the surface waves are of two main types- Rayleigh and love waves.
4. Type of L-wave in which the particle is of a complex nature is __________
a) Love waves
b) Shock waves
c) Rayleigh waves
d) Transverse waves
Answer: c
Clarification: Rayleigh waves are the waves in which the displacement of the particle is of a complex nature, partly being in the direction of propagation and partly at right angles to it.
5. Type of L-wave in which the particle is in the direction of propagation is __________
a) Love waves
b) Shock waves
c) Rayleigh waves
d) Transverse waves
Answer: a
Clarification: The Love waves are the waves in which the displacement of the particle is practically horizontal, that is, in the direction of propagation. The love waves tend to create shearing ruptures.
6. Which waves travel faster in non-layered homogeneous structure?
a) Love waves
b) Shock waves
c) Rayleigh waves
d) Transverse waves
Answer: c
Clarification: The velocity of surface waves is controlled by the frequency of waves and the structure of the ground. In the homogeneous non-layered structures, Rayleigh waves travel fast and form the prominent L-waves.
7. The magnitude of the quake is based on what aspect of the wave?
a) Amplitude
b) Frequency
c) Time period
d) Intensity
Answer: a
Clarification: Magnitude is the term expressing the rating of an earthquake on the basis of amplitude of seismic waves recorded as seismograms.
8. Ritcher magnitude is the log to 10th base of maximum seismic amplitude recorded at what distance from epicenter?
a) 10 km
b) 50 km
c) 100 km
d) 200 km
Answer: c
Clarification: The Ritcher magnitude is the logarithm to the base 10 of the maximum seismic wave amplitude recorded on a seismograph at a distance of 100 km from the epicenter of a particular earthquake.
9. The term expressing the qualitative effect of earthquake is __________
a) Amplitude
b) Frequency
c) Time period
d) Intensity
Answer: d
Clarification: Intensity is another term expressing rating of an earthquake, though broadly in a qualitative manner, on the basis of its effects on living and non-living things of the region visited by it.