Vector Biology Multiple Choice Questions on “Vectors for Mammals – 1”.
1. What is gene knockout?
A. Removal of gene
B. Technique for studying gene function
A. Expression of gene
D. Repression of gene
Answer: B
Clarification: Gene cloning in mammals is done to achieve several results. Gene knockout is one of those, it is a technique used to study the function of an unidentified gene.
2. What is pharming?
A. Protein engineering
B. Plant manipulation
A. Genetic engineering of pharm animals
D. Genetic engineering of cows
Answer: C
Clarification: For a production of recombinant protein in a mammalian cell culture, and in the related technique of pharming which involves genetic engineering of a farm animal so that it synthesizes an important protein such as a pharmaceutical.
3. Gene therapy is a technique only associated with plants.
A. True
B. False
Answer: B
Clarification: In gene therapy, in which human cells are engineered in order to treat a disease. It is a very useful application.
4. When was the first cloning experiment involving mammalian cells carried out?
A. 1940
B. 1979
A. 2000
D. 1953
Answer: B
Clarification: The first cloning experiment involving mammalian cells was carried out in 1979 with a vector based on simian virus 40.
5. What is the approximate size of the SV40 vector?
A. 1 kb
B. 2 kb
A. 3.2 kb
D. 5.2 kb
Answer: D
Clarification: The SV40 virus is capable of infecting several mammalian species, following a lytic cycle in some hosts and lysogenic in others. The size is 5.3 kb.
6. How many sets of genes are present in SV40?
A. 1
B. 2
A. 3
D. 4
Answer: B
Clarification: The genome of SV40 is 5.2 kb and contains two sets of genes, the early genes and the late genes both coding for different proteins.
7. The proteins encoded by the early genes of SV40 are involved in _________
A. DNA replication
B. Assembly
A. Capsid formation
D. Coat proteins
Answer: A
Clarification: The early genes are expressed early in the infection cycle and coding for proteins involved in viral DNA replication.
8. The proteins encoded by the late genes of SV40 are involved in ____________
A. Capsid proteins
B. Viral proteins
A. DNA replication
D. Translation
Answer: A
Clarification: The genome is 5.2 kb in size and contains two sets of genes, the early genes, expressed early in the infection cycle and the late genes coding for viral capsid proteins.
9. Which problem does SV40 as a cloning vector face which is similar to that faced by lambda and caulimovirus?
A. Narrow host range
B. Packaging constraint
A. Digestion limitation
D. Post translational modifications
Answer: B
Clarification: SV40 suffers from the same problem as lambda and the plant caulimovirus, in that packaging constraints limit the amount of new DNA that can be inserted into the genome.
10. Adenoviruses are vectors of ___________
A. Mammals
B. Plants
A. Insects
D. Farm animals
Answer: A
Clarification: Adenoviruses are coning vectors for mammals which were developed after the first experiment conducted with SV40.
11. What is the size of foreign DNA that can be cloned using Adenovirus?
A. 1 kb
B. 3 kb
A. 5 kb
D. 8 kb
Answer: D
Clarification: Adenoviruses enable DNA fragments of up to 8 kb to be cloned, longer than is possible with an SV40 vector, though they are more difficult to handle.
12. Which set of genes were replaced in the initial cloning experiment with SV40?
A. Early genes
B. Late genes
A. Silencing genes
D. Repressor genes
Answer: B
Clarification: Cloning with SV40 involves replacing one or more of the existing genes with the DNA to be cloned. In the original experiment, a segment of the late gene region was replaced.
13. Bovine Papillomavirus causes ___________
A. Warts on cattle
B. Cancer in cattle
A. Tumor in plants
D. Tumor in cattle
Answer: A
Clarification: Papillomaviruses, which also have a relatively high capacity for inserted DNA. Bovine Papillomavirus (BPV), which causes warts on cattle, is particularly attractive because it has an unusual infection cycle.
14. What is copy number associated with BPV?
A. 10
B. 50
A. 100
D. 500
Answer: C
Clarification: Bovine Papillomavirus, which causes warts on cattle, is particularly attractive because it has an unusual infection cycle in mouse cells, taking the form of a multicopy plasmid.
15. BPV does not cause the _______ of mouse cell, upon infection.
A. Death
B. Shrinkage
A. Decrease in immunity
D. Increase in immunity
Answer: A
Clarification: BPV does not cause the death of the mouse cell, and BPV molecules are passed to daughter cells on cell division, giving rise to a permanently transformed cell line.