Life Sciences Multiple Choice Questions on “Vitamins”.
1. Which of the following is not a fat-soluble vitamin?
A. Vitamin D
B. Vitamin K
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin A
Answer: C
Clarification: In general, there are only four fat-soluble vitamins (Vitamin A, D, E, K). Vitamin C is an ascorbic acid which is water soluble and precursors of all the coenzymes.
2. Deficiency of which vitamin causes Beri-Beri?
A. Vitamin B12
B. Vitamin B2
C. Vitamin B6
D. Vitamin B1
Answer: D
Clarification: Deficiency of thiamine (Vitamin B1) can lead to Beri-Beri. It is mostly found in the area where polished rice is a major component of the diet.
3. Name the disease caused by the deficiency of Niacin?
A. Pellagra
B. Rickets
C. Scurvy
D. Pernicious anemia
Answer: A
Clarification: Deficiency of niacin causes pellagra, it is a disease of the skin and central nervous system. Its symptoms included three Ds: Dementia, Dermatitis, and Diarrhea.
4. Which of the following is a component of the coenzyme A?
A. Retinol
B. Pantothenic acid
C. Pyridoxine
D. Retinoic acid
Answer: B
Clarification: Pantothenic acid is used in the synthesis of coenzyme A, which is also an acyl group carrier. It performs two main functions, activation of an acyl group for transfer and activation of hydrogen of the acyl group.
5. Megaloblastic anemia is caused due to deficiency of ___________
A. Cobalamin
B. Pyridoxine
C. Niacin
D. Folic acid
Answer: D
Clarification: Deficiency of folic acid leads to megaloblastic anemia, where synthesis of purine and thymidine get diminished which makes cells unable to make DNA and divide.
6. Which of the following vitamin is also known as cobalamin?
A. Vitamin B11
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin B6
D. Vitamin B2
Answer: B
Clarification: Vitamin B12 is also known as cobalamin, it is a part of vitamin B complex along with vitamin B11 (Folic acid), vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine), vitamin B2 (Riboflavin).
7. Mark the INCORRECT statement about Ascorbic acid.
A. It is a strong reducing agent
B. It can have synthesized in the body
C. Involves in hydroxylation of prolyl- and lysyl- residues of collagen
D. Shows antioxidant activity
Answer: B
Clarification: It can have synthesized in the body is incorrect as vertebrates such as birds, fishes, and humans are not able to synthesize vitamin C, due to lack of enzyme gulono-lactone oxidase.
8. All fat-soluble vitamin has a coenzyme function.
A. True
B. False
Answer: B
Clarification: Not all fat-soluble vitamin has coenzyme function, only vitamin K shows such activity. Fat-soluble vitamins released, absorbed and transported with the fat in the body.
9. Name the vitamin which functions as hormone as well as visual pigment?
A. Thiamine
B. Riboflavin
C. Retinol
D. Folic acid
Answer: C
Clarification: Vitamin A is also known as retinol, it is isoprenoid alcohol and essential for vision, growth, reproduction, and maintenance of epithelial tissues.
10. Which of the following vitamin serves as a hormone precursor?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin A
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin D
Answer: D
Clarification: Vitamin D acts as a hormone precursor. UV component of sunlight falls on 7-dehydrocholesterol and gets converted to cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) in the skin. Vitamin D3 absorbed into the blood and transported to liver and kidney where with the help of enzyme it formed calcitriol (a steroid hormone).
11. Name the vitamin which takes part in blood clotting?
A. Vitamin E
B. Vitamin K
C. Vitamin D
D. Folic acid
Answer: B
Clarification: Vitamin K plays role in post-translational modification of various blood clotting factors. It is a fat-soluble vitamin which requires complete synthesis of blood coagulation protein.
12. Name the structure analog of vitamin K, which is used as anticoagulant?
A. Warfarin
B. Tocopherol
C. Ergocalciferol
D. β-carotene
Answer: A
Clarification: Warfarin is a widely used rat poison which inhibits the vitamin K-dependent carboxylation of prothrombin and clinically used as an anticoagulant. Another anticoagulant is Dicoumarol, a derivative of coumarin.
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