300+ TOP SURVEYING Interview Questions and Answers

SURVEYING Interview Questions for freshers and experienced :-

1. What is Surveying?
Surveying is an art of making measurements on as will determine the relative position of different points on the surface of the earth.

2. What Is A Surveyor?

Surveyors update boundary lines and prepare sites for construction so that legal disputes are prevented. Surveyors make precise measurements to determine property boundaries. They provide data relevant to the shape and contour of the Earth’s surface for engineering, mapmaking, and construction projects.

3. What Is A Property Surveyor?

It is important, therefore, that you employ a surveyor yourself to undertake a thorough inspection of the property you wish to buy. The types of surveys available. There are two main types of structural survey available for those buying a property: a Homebuyer’s Report or a Full Building Survey.

4. What Is A Marine Surveyor?

A Marine surveyor (including “Yacht & Small Craft Surveyor”, “Hull & Machinery Surveyor” and/or “Cargo Surveyor”) is a person who conducts inspections, surveys or examinations of marine vessels to assess, monitor and report on their condition and the products on them, as well as inspects damage caused to both vessels .

5. What Is An Automatic Level?

A dumpy level, builder’s auto level, leveling instrument, or automatic level is an optical instrument used to establish or verify points in the same horizontal plane. It is used in surveying and building with a vertical staff to measure height differences and to transfer, measure and set heights.

6. What Is The Use Of Dumpy Level?

A dumpy level is a surveying tool that measures horizontal lines. It is used to determine relative height and distance among different locations. In modern times, it is most commonly used to obtain measurements for buildings rather than to gather information on large tracts of land.

7. What Does It Mean To Survey A Boat?

Basically, it is a detailed inspection of a boat, hopefully done by a qualified, diligent, intelligent and honest surveyor, for the purpose of determining its current condition and seaworthiness.

8. What Is A Chartered Quantity Surveyor?

Members and Fellows of the RICS entitled to use the designation (and a number of variations such as “Chartered Building Surveyor” or “Chartered Quantity Surveyor” or “Chartered Civil Engineering Surveyor” depending on their field .

9. What Is A Level Staff?

A level staff, also called levelling rod, is a graduated wooden or aluminum rod, used with a levelling instrument to determine the difference in height between points or heights of points above a datum surface.

10. What Is A Transit Tool?

A transit level is an optical instrument, or a telescope, complete with a built-in spirit level that is mounted on a tripod. Transit levels are used mainly for surveying and building, but they can be used to determine the relative position of lines and objects as well.

11. What Is An Abney Level Used For?

An Abney level and clinometer, is an instrument used in surveying which consists of a fixed sighting tube, a movable spirit level that is connected to a pointing arm, and a protractor scale.

12. What Is A Total Station?

A Total Station is a modern surveying instrument that integrates an electronic theodolite with an electronic distance meter. A theodolite uses a movable telescope to measure angles in both the horizontal and vertical planes.

13. What Is Meant By Hydrographic Survey?

Hydrographic survey is the science of measurement and description of features which affect maritime navigation, marine construction, dredging, offshore oil exploration/offshore oil drilling and related activities.

14. How Long Does It Take To Become A Chartered Surveyor?

Most states require a degree along with an internship, to become a professional land surveyor. Most degrees are a four year college degree in surveying or geomatics or a 2 year associate degree. After college you then have to become licensed in whichever state you want to practice surveying in.

15. How Does A Theodolite Work?

A theodolite works by combining optical plummets (or plumb bobs), a spirit (bubble level), and graduated circles to find vertical and horizontal angles in surveying. An optical plummet ensures the theodolite is placed as close to exactly vertical above the survey point.

16. What Is A Surveyor’s Transit?

A vernier compass has an adjustable scale that allows for the “setting off” of the magnetic declination and the compass can then directly read true north. The Transit and Theodolite. Transit. Theodolite. The transit and theodolite are used by the surveyor to measure both horizontal and vertical angles.

17. What Is An Optical Square?

An optical square is a square refracting block which refracts an incident beam at an angle of 90 degrees.It can be used with an autocollimator for measuring squareness of a workpiece.

18. What Is An Edm In Surveying?

A total station or TST (total station theodolite) is an electronic/optical instrument used in modern surveying and building construction. The total station is an electronic theodolite (transit) integrated with an electronic distance meter (EDM) to read slope distances from the instrument to a particular point.

19. What Is A Digital Theodolite Used For?

In addition to measuring horizontal and vertical angles, digital theodolite are used to establish straight lines, to establish horizontal and vertical distances through the use of stadia, and to establish elevations when used as a level.

20. What Is A Bathymetric Survey?

Bathymetry is the study of the “beds” or “floors” of water bodies, including the ocean, rivers, streams, and lakes. The term “bathymetry” originally referred to the ocean’s depth relative to sea level, although it has come to mean “submarine topography,” or the depths and shapes of underwater terrain.

21. What Is An Intermediate Survey?

Intermediate Survey—The inspection of a vessel by a classification society surveyor which takes place between two and three years before and after each Special Survey for such vessel pursuant to the rules of international conventions and classification societies.

22. What Is The Rics?

The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) is a professional body that accredits professionals within the land, property and construction sectors worldwide. Members holding RICS qualifications may use the following designations after their name: MRICS (Member), FRICS (Fellow), AssocRICS (Associate).

23. What Is The Apc?

The APC – assessment of professional competence – is the training scheme that graduates need to complete on the job to qualify as a chartered surveyor. Becoming chartered with the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) is a key milestone in a surveyor’s professional development.

24. What Is A Graphometer?

The graphometer, semicircle or semicircumferentor is a surveying instrument used for angle measurements. It consists of a semicircular limb divided into 180 degrees and sometimes subdivided into minutes. The limb is subtended by the diameter with two sights at its ends.

25. What Is The Basic Principle Of Chain Surveying?

Chain surveying is the type of surveying in which only linear measurements are made in the field. The main principle of chain surveying or chain triangulation is to provide a framework consist of number of well-conditioned triangles or nearly equilateral triangles. It is used to find the area of the field.

26. What Is The Chain Survey?

Chain survey is the simplest method of surveying. In this survey only measurements are taken in the field, and the rest work, such as plotting calculation etc. are done in the office. This is most suitable adapted to small plane areas with very few details.

27. What Is The Tool Surveyors Use?

The main surveying instruments in use around the world are the theodolite, measuring tape, total station, 3D scanners, GPS/GNSS, level and rod. Most instruments screw onto a tripod when in use. Tape measures are often used for measurement of smaller distances.

28. What Is A Chartered Surveyor?

Chartered surveyors in the core of the profession may offer mortgage valuations, homebuyer’s survey and valuations, full building surveys, building surveyors’ services, quantity surveying, land surveying, auctioneering, estate management and other forms of survey- and building-related advice.

29. What Is The Purpose Of Hydrographic Surveying?

Hydrographic survey is the science of measurement and description of features which affect maritime navigation, marine construction, dredging, offshore oil exploration/offshore oil drilling and related activities.

30. What Is A Tacheometer?

Tacheometry, from the Greek “quick measure”, is a system of rapid surveying, by which the positions, both horizontal and vertical, of points on the earth’s surface relatively to one another are determined without using a chain or tape or a separate leveling instrument.

31. What is Leveling?
Levelling is the art of determining and representing the relative heights or elevations of different points on the surface of earth.

32. Objective and Uses of Surveying?
As stated in the definition, object of surveying is to show relative positions of various objects of an area on paper and produce plan or map of that area.
Various uses of surveying are listed below:

1. Plans prepared to record property lines of private, public and government lands help in avoiding unnecessary controversies.
2. Maps prepared for marking boundaries of countries, states, districts etc., avoid disputes.
3. Locality plans help in identifying location of houses and offices in the area.
4. Road maps help travellers and tourist.
5. Topographic maps showing natural features like rivers, streams, hills, forests help in planning irrigation projects and flood control measures.
6. For planning and estimating project works like roads, bridges, railways, airports, water supply and waste water disposal surveying is required.
7. Marine and hydrographic survey helps in planning navigation routes and harbours.
8. Military survey is required for strategic planning.
9. Mine surveys are required for exploring minearl wealth.
10. Geological surveys are necessary for determining different strata in the earth crust so that proper location is found for reservoirs.
11. Archeological surveys are useful for unearthing relics of antiquity.
12. Astronomical survey helps in the study of movements of planets and for calculating local and standard times.

33. Methods of Surveying?

1. Triangulation
2. Traversing

34. Explain:

• Topographic Map
• Cadastral Map
• Engineering Map
• Military Map
• Contour Map
• Geological Map
• Archeological Map

35. General Principle of Surveying?
The general principles of surveying are:
1. To work from the whole to the part
2. To locate a new station by at least two measurements (linear or angular) from fixed reference points.
According to the first principle, the whole area is first enclosed by main stations (i.e. Controlling stations) and main survey lines (i.e. controlling lines). The area is then divided into a number of parts by forming well conditioned triangles. A nearly equilateral triangle is considered to be the best well-conditioned triangle.The main survey lines are measured very accurately with a standard chain. Then the sides of the triangles are measured. The purpose of this process of working is to prevent accumulation of error. During the procedure, if there is any error in the measurement of any side of a triangle, then it will not affect the whole work. The error can always be detected and eliminated.
According to the second principle, the new stations should always be fixed by at least two measurements (linear or angular) from fixed reference points. Linear measurements refer to horizontal distances measured by chain or tape. Angular measurements refer to the magnetic bearing or horizontal angle taken by a prismatic compass or theodolite.
In chain surveying, the positions of main stations and directions of main survey lines are fixed by tie lines and check lines.

36. What is the principal of Surveying?
If you have studied the Surveying or if you are still studying, then this is the one of the first question which you should know. When ever you have to do any kind of survey you have to do it from whole to parts. It is the first principle of Surveying. Initially main control points are established with very high accuracy at the far distances to cover whole the area and then using these points as the reference points you establish the secondary and tertiary control points.
Second principle of Surveying which you should know is that any point can be established or located precisely with reference to a minimum of two another reference points. That means you need at least two reference points to locate one another point.

37. What is the principal of chaining?
You must know that if you have to do the survey only with the help of chaining then it is done by triangulation. You have to divide the area into a numbers of triangles and measure its sides with the chain or tape.

38. What is the height of a ranging rod and what is its diameter?
I think you will be rarely asked this question but putting a variety of ammunition always helps. Generally the height of a ranging rod is 2.4m but it may be varied up to 6m and its diameter is generally 1 inch. There are strips in red and white or red and yellow in the longitudinal direction which are generally 1ft length(30.5cm).

39. What is the purpose of a level?
You know that level can be used for the levelling or sometimes for contouring too. So the basic purpose of a level is to provide a horizontal line of sight.

40. What is the least count of a Theodolite?
You have to measure the horizontal and vertical angles using the Theodolite, so you must know that least count is 10″ to 20″ (seconds) for a vernier theodolite but for a micro-meter theodolite least count may be as small as 0.l” .

41. What are the sources of local attraction in Surveying?
First of all you must know that this term is related to the compass survey. Sometimes when you are doing the compass survey at places where there are materials which attract a magnetic needle of the compass, the magnetic needle fails to show the magnetic North accurately due to the attraction forces of these materials and therefore it will be deflected from true magnetic meridian.
It is important for you to know such materials which, may cause this error, right? This material can be a chain, a wrist band, a ring in your finger, belt tide to your trouser, a hair band, a nearby electric pole or anything which attracts a magnet, so it might be needed for you know about magnets too.

Chain Surveying:
7. What is Chaining?
8. Instruments used in Chain Surveying?
9. How many links are in 30m Metric Chain? Length of each link?
10. Reciprocal Ranging?
11. What are Corrections?
12. How many ranging rods required for
a. Direct Ranging
b. Indirect or Reciprocal Ranging
13. Principle of Chain Surveying?
14. What is well-conditioned triangle?
15. What is Reconnaissance Survey?
16. What is Index Sketch?
17. How to set Perpendicular Offsets? (900)
18. What is Field Book?

Compass Surveying:
19. Principle of Compass Surveying?
20. Explain:
a. True Meridian
b. Magnetic Meridian
c. Arbitrary Meridian
d. Magnetic Bearing
i. Whole Circle Bearing (WCB)
ii. Quadrantal Bearing (QB)
iii. Reduced Bearing (RB)
e. Fore Bearing
f. Back Bearing
g. Magnetic Declination
h. Dip of the magnetic needle
i. Local Attraction
20. What is traversing?
a. Close Traverse?
b. Open Traverse?
21. Check on Closed Traverse
a. Sum of exterior angles?
b. Sum of interior angles?
22. Check on Open Traverse
23. How to adjust Closing Error?

Plane Table Surveying:
25. Principle of Plane Table Surveying?
26. Instruments used?
27. What is Orientation?
a. Orientation by Magnetic Needle?
b. Orientation by Backsighting?
28. Methods of Plane Tabling? What is the need of
a. Radiation?
b. Intersection?
c. Traversing?
d. Resection?

Leveling:
29. Uses of Leveling
30. Datum Surface or Line
31. Reduced Level?
32. Line of Collimation?
33. Bench-marks (BM)
a. GTS Bench-marks
b. Permanent Bench-marks
c. Arbitrary Bench-marks
d. Temporary Bench-marks
34. Backsight Reading (BS)
35. Foresight Reading (FS)
36. Intermediate sight Reading (IS)
37. Change Point?
38. Instruments used in Leveling?
39. Types of Leveling?
a. Simple Leveling
b. Differential Leveling
c. Fly Leveling?
d. Profile Leveling?
e. Check Leveling?
40. Need of Reciprocal Leveling?
41. Methods of Calculation of Reduced Level
a. Height of Instrumentation method
b. Rise-and-Fall method
42. Arithmetical Check?

Contouring:
43. What is Contour Map?
44. Contour Line?
45. Contour Interval?
46. Horizontal Equivalent?
47. Object of preparing Contour Map
48. Uses of Contour Map

Computation of Area:
49. Trapezoidal Rule?
50. Simpson’s Rule? Limitation?

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