[Biology Class Notes] on Infertility Pdf for EXAM

In modern times when life is asking you so much that you don’t have time for yourself and the loved ones. This could lead to infertility; the stress of daily life in metropolitan cities around the globe are suffering from this issue. But modern science has found a way to fill the lives of everyone with happiness. With the help of numbers of reproduction programs, now doctors can make an egg fertile and thus, give a family a bundle of joy which is known as a child. Today we will be talking about how modern technology has made human reproduction easier for older couples and give them the chance to experience parenthood. We can’t deny the fact that, once you are a parent, you will know that seeing your child grow into a man or woman is one of the best feelings of all time. 

Reproduction and Modern Technology

There are several ways from which one can get rid of infertility, given below are a list of some of the widely used methods. These methods have been tested and are recommended by doctors around the world and in India. To help people realise their dream of having a baby. 

Third-Party Reproduction or Egg Donor

Surrogacy is said to be the gestational-carrier in the old times. Most of the couple that we now see opt for one or the other method from ART, so the pregnancy doesn’t have any complication in the later stages. In addition to this, many opt for these methods to minimise the risk which comes from the infectious diseases which individuals from the parent are incongruous.

Surrogacy

As we have already told, surrogacy has been performed for a long time where the woman who is not a parent participates in the pregnancy. To hold the baby in their womb which was formed by either the donor egg and sperm. There are two methods for completing the surrogacy process. First one is the traditional method in which a surrogate woman gets inseminated by the father’s sperm artificially. Then she carries the baby in her womb for about 9 months and delivers the baby for you and for your partner which you two will raise. 

(A couple embrace the pregnancy and live their moment of happiness)

On the other hand, the modern method of surrogacy is called Gestational surrogates. This technique is called In Vitro Fertilization (IVF). During this method, a doctor will take the eggs from the mother and then fertilise it with the sperm of the father. Once the fertilisation is done, and the embryo is formed, the doctor will take the embryo and carefully place it in the uterus of a gestational surrogate. 

As a result, the surrogate does not have any genetic ties with the baby, as the eggs were from the couple, and the same goes for the male sperm. In other words, we call gestational surrogates a “birth mother”. The biological mother is still that woman whose egg was fertilised in the first place. 

Doctors recommend Surrogacy when the woman is suffering from medical conditions or problems with her uterus. Other conditions that could make pregnancy risky or almost impossible to conceive. Severe heart disease is one of the conditions which can be a problem during pregnancy. 

Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)

In this infertility assisted reproductive technology, the sperm of the father is collected and then it is manually placed inside the woman’s uterus to facilitate fertilisation. The primary goal doctors try to achieve from IUI is to increase the sperm count that reaches the fallopian tubes; thus, increasing the chances of fertilisation. 

IUI helps sperm by giving it a head start, but in the end, the sperm has to reach the egg and fertilise it on its own. This method is less expensive in comparison to In Vitro Fertilization. 

GIFT – Gamete IntraFallopian Transfer

This is the process in which the female egg and the male sperm are taken out from each individual’s body and put inside the fallopian tube immediately. Both the egg and the sperm are placed via catheter directly into the mother’s fallopian tubes. It’s a minor surgical procedure and once it is done you can go home on the same day. With GIFT doctors try to mimic the natural process of pregnancy. You might not know, but GIFT is the only acceptable way of ART in the Roman Catholic church.