[Biology Class Notes] on Scientific Name of Spider Pdf for Exam

Spider

Spiders are Air-breathing arthropods with eight wings, chelicerae with fangs usually capable of injecting venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest arachnid order and rank seventh among all orders of organisms in total species diversity. Spiders are present on every continent worldwide, except Antarctica, and, with the exception of air and sea colonization, have become known in almost every habitat. The body of a spider consists of a cephalothorax with eyes, mouthparts, a pair of jaws and a pair of pedipalps, and four pairs of jointed legs; and an abdomen with a short pedicel attached to the cephalothorax. A tough protective exoskeleton encloses the whole body and most of the body has sensory hair emerging from the skin.

General Features

Size Range: 

• Spiders vary from 0.5 to around 90 mm in body length. The hairy mygalomorphs, also referred to as tarantulas, which are found in warm climates and are most abundant in the Americas, are the largest spiders. 

• The goliath bird-eating spider (Theraphosa leblondi or T. blondi), found in parts of the Amazon, and the pink foot goliath are some of the main mygalomorphs (T. apophysis).

• Spiders vary from 0.5 to around 90 mm in body length. The hairy mygalomorphs, also referred to as tarantulas, which are found in warm climates and are most abundant in the Americas, are the largest spiders. 

• The goliath bird-eating spider (Theraphosa leblondi or T. blondi), found in parts of the Amazon, and the pink foot goliath are some of the main mygalomorphs (T. apophysis).

Distribution: 

• Spiders are found on all continents (except Antarctica, although fragments of spiders have been recorded there) and in the Himalayas at altitudes as high as 5,000 meters (16,400 feet). 

• In the tropics, several more species exist than in temperate areas. One Eurasian species, while most spiders are terrestrial, is aquatic and lives in slow-moving freshwater. 

• There are a few animals that live in fresh or salt water along the coast or on the surface. Long silk threads that catch the wind and can take the spiders long distances are secreted by small spiders and the young of many larger species. In many families, this action, called ballooning, occurs and expedites distribution. In this way, several species are spread across the globe within the boundaries of the northern jet stream

Habitat:

• Multiple species exist in a large range of different ecosystems in this group. Woodlands, lakes, grasslands, deserts, rainforests, and more are some of the many types of habitats in which you can find these animals.

• Some live in trees and shrubs, some live on the ground, some even in underground tunnels. Regions where humans live, such as homes, fields, barns, gardens, attics, basements, foundations, and more, are often used by a wide range of animals.

Importance of Spiders

All Spiders are observed to be predators. They are the most significant predators of insects because of their abundance. Spiders have been used in Israel and rice fields in China to monitor insects in apple orchards. In South American rice fields and in the fields of various North American crops, a large number of spiders have also been found feeding on insects.The use of insecticides that do the least harm to natural predators of insect pests is emphasised by modern pest control strategies. Although many spiders create venom for use in prey capture, few species are toxic to humans. The black widow’s venom (genus Latrodectus) acts as a painful nerve toxin.

Interesting Information About the Spider

• A spider consumes around 2,000 insects per year, so it is safe to have spiders around the place.

• Spiders kill spiders. Females consume their partners occasionally, even when they are mating. Some spiders specialize in tracking down other spider species and have developed ways of catching them, even though their victims are at the middle of their webs, their strongholds.

• Giant Huntsman: This species is the largest in the world in size. Their leg span, or diameter might measure up to a foot across. This species hits speeds of up to 3 ft. per second to make matters more frightening. Their venom does not pose a threat to humans.

• Patu Digua- This teeny-tiny species is just 0.37 mm or 0.015 inches long. That means about five of these creatures could fit on a pin’s head comfortably.

What is the Scientific Name of a Spider?

The scientific name of spider:

• Western Black Widow Spider – Latrodectus Hesperus

• Grass Cross Spider – Argiope catenulata

• Mexican Pink Tarantula – Brachypelma klaasi