Administrative Theory Multiple Choice Questions
1. Karl Marx believes that the state is an instrument of
A. development
B. cooperation and participation
C. exploitation
Answer: C.exploitation
2. Karl Marx was born in
A. 1818
B. 1843
C. 1852
Answer: A.1818
3. Karl Marx died in
A. 1812
B. 1883
C. 1854
Answer: B.1883
4. Who wrote ‘Das Capital’?
A. Lenin
B. Karl Marx
C. Douglas McGregor
Answer: B.Karl Marx
5. To Marx, the wealthy or capitalists were labeled as
A. Bourgeoisie
B. Proletariat
C. Middle class
Answer: A.Bourgeoisie
6. The book ‘The Poverty of Philosophy’ was published in
A. 1847
B. 1853
C. 1868
Answer: A.1847
7. According to Marx, the working class were the
A. Capitalists
B. Proletariat
C. Middle class
Answer: A.Capitalists
8. Marx considered the history of all society up to his time is the history of
A. Racism
B. Political problems
C. Class struggle
Answer: C.Class struggle
9. Marx’s ideology was largely influenced by
A. Hegelian philosophy
B. Aristotle’s philosophy
C. Plato’s philosophy
Answer: A.Hegelian philosophy
10. Karl Marx was born in
A. France
B. Germany
C. Italy
Answer: B.Germany
11. The Communist Manifesto was written in
A. 1854
B. 1848
C. 1872
Answer: B.1848
12. According to Karl Marx, the present state will
A. wither away
B. continue for a long period
C. uplift the workers
Answer: A.wither away
13. Who amongst the following believed in class struggle?
A. J. S. Mill
B. Karl Marx
C. Plato
Answer: B.Karl Marx
14. Marx’s views has been criticized because
A. the idea of the state will wither away has not come true
B. his idea that workers will unite proved a failure
C. his views on capitalism
Answer: A.the idea of the state will wither away has not come true
15. Marx considered the forces of production as the
A. Super-structure of society
B. Sub-structure of society
C. Infrastructure of society
Answer: B.Sub-structure of society
16. Customs, morals, religion and politics belonged to the
A. Super-structure of society
B. Sub-structure of society
C. Infrastructure of society
Answer: A.Super-structure of society
17. The most important work on Public Administration in ancient India was
A. the Mahabharata
B. the Ramayana
C. the Arthashastra
Answer: C.the Arthashastra
18. Kautilya is the author of the
A. Slave economy
B. Volunteer economy
C. Arthashastra
Answer: C.Arthashastra
19. The word ‘artha’ in Arthashastra means
A. politics
B. economics
C. diplomacy
Answer: B.economics
20. The word ‘shastra’ in Arthashastra means
A. economics
B. politics
C. diplomacy
Answer: B.politics
21. To carry out the orders of administration, Kautilya laid emphasis on
A. People’s cooperation
B. People’s coordination
C. People’s contribution
Answer: A.People’s cooperation
22. How many methods of motivation are mentioned in Arthashastra?
A. three
B. two
C. four
Answer: C.four
23. Sama means
A. Persuasion
B. Punishment
C. Incentive
Answer: A.Persuasion
24. Dama implies
A. Force
B. Incentive
C. Progress
Answer: B.Incentive
25. Danda means
A. Punishment
B. Agreement
C. Development
Answer: A.Punishment
26. Bheda refers to
A. Chivalry
B. Training
C. Internal competition
Answer: C.Internal competition
27. Sama, dama,danda and bheda are
A. Motivation means
B. Personality Traits
C. Means of communication
Answer: A.Motivation means
28. During the time of Kautilya, the king secured people’s cooperation through
A. Punishment
B. Financial Assistance
C. Retribution
Answer: B.Financial Assistance
29. Arthashastra was written in
A. 320 BC
B. 326 BC
C. 340 BC
Answer: A.320 BC
30. Kautilya is also known as
A. Aditya
B. Himanshu
C. Chanakya
Answer: C.Chanakya
31. Arthashastra mainly focuses on
A. finance
B. polity
C. customs
Answer: B.polity
32. Dharmashastras are
A. Sacred laws
B. Sacred beliefs
C. Sacred customs
Answer: A.Sacred laws
33. According to Kautilya’s Arthashastra, the Defence Department was headed by the
A. Chief of Elephants
B. Senapati
C. Superintendent of Infantry
Answer: B.Senapati
34. According to Kautilya, Amatya was
A. the Finance Minister of the State
B. the Prime Minister of the State
C. the Defence Minister of the State
Answer: A.the Finance Minister of the State
35. Kautilya was the Prime Minister and Adviser to the king during the time of
A. Bindusara
B. Ashoka
C. Chandragupta Maurya
Answer: C.Chandragupta Maurya
36. Who is known as ‘The Indian Machiavelli’ in the western world?
A. Chanakya
B. Manu
C. Ashoka
Answer: A.Chanakya
37. Arthashastra is divided into
A. 13 books
B. 14 books
C. 15 books
Answer: C.15 books
38. Concepts of experiences and observation of situations in administration is known as
A. Administrative Theory
B. Political Theory
C. Public Administration
Answer: A.Administrative Theory
39. Theories help us to understand the working of
A. People
B. Organization
C. None of the above
Answer: B.Organization
40. The Father of Public Administration is
A. Woodrow Wilson
B. Henry Fayol
C. Aristotle
Answer: A.Woodrow Wilson
41. The letter ‘O’ in POSDCORB stands for
A. Organic
B. Office
C. Organising
Answer: C.Organising
42. The letter ‘P’ in POSDCORB stands for
A. Programme
B. Planning
C. Participation
Answer: A.Programme
43. The essay by Woodrow Wilson published in 1887 was titled as
A. Public Administration
B. Political Administration
C. The Study of Administration
Answer: C.The Study of Administration
44. ‘State and Revolution’ was written by
A. Kautilya
B. Lenin
C. Woodrow Wilson
Answer: B.Lenin
45. Lenin died in
A. 1924
B. 1925
C. 1926
Answer: A.1924
46. Lenin believed in the
A. Bourgeoisie Revolution
B. Proletariat Revolution
C. Bureaucratic Revolution
Answer: B.Proletariat Revolution
47. Like Marx, Lenin was a bitter opponent of
A. Communism
B. Socialism
C. Capitalism
Answer: C.Capitalism
48. Before the Revolution, Russia was ruled by
A. The Emperor
B. The Tsar
C. The King
Answer: B.The Tsar
49. The Russian Revolution took place in
A. 1918
B. 1917
C. 1915
Answer: B.1917
50. Lenin led the
A. Bolsheviks
B. Mensheviks
C. Christian Democrats
Answer: A.Bolsheviks
51. Which of the groups did Lenin consider as important in carrying out the RussianRevolution?
A. Priests and artisans
B. Workers and peasants
C. Entrepreneurs and capitalists
Answer: B.Workers and peasants
52. The term Scientific Management was first coined by
A. Louis Brandies
B. F.W.Taylor
C. Vincent De Gourney
Answer: A.Louis Brandies
53. Classical writers give importance on
A. formal organisation
B. informal organisation
C. social-psychological factors
Answer: A.formal organisation
54. The first coherent theory of organisation is known as
A. Scientific Management
B. Bureaucratic Theory
C. Classical Theory
Answer: A.Scientific Management
55. The Scientific Management Approach developed
A. during 10th Century
B. during 19th Century
C. during early 20th Century
Answer: C.during early 20th Century
56. The Classical Theory is referred to as
A. Human Relations Theory
B. Mechanistic Theory
C. Model Theory
Answer: B.Mechanistic Theory
57. Who is associated with the Scientific Management doctrine?
A. Henri Fayol
B. Adam Smith
C. Frederick Winslow Taylor
Answer: C.Frederick Winslow Taylor
58. Scientism in administration is linked to
A. one-best way
B. two-best ways
C. three-best ways
Answer: A.one-best way
59. What is the meaning of Charisma?
A. Beauty
B. Money
C. Gift of Grace
Answer: C.Gift of Grace
60. Scientific Management Theory was advocated by
A. Elton Mayo
B. F. W. Taylor
C. Luther Gulick
Answer: B.F. W. Taylor
61. Max Weber wrote extensively on
A. State
B. Government
C. Bureaucracy
Answer: C.Bureaucracy
62. The Theory of Organisational Principle was propounded by
A. Karl Marx
B. Kautilya
C. Fayol
Answer: C.Fayol
63. F.W. Taylor puts emphasis on
A. Decision-Making
B. Performance
C. Division of Labour
Answer: C.Division of Labour
64. The first social scientist who made a systematic study of bureaucracy was
A. Max Weber
B. Plato
C. Aristotle
Answer: A.Max Weber
65. The father of Scientific Management is
A. Henry Fayol
B. F.W. Taylor
C. Frederick Herzberg
Answer: B.F.W. Taylor
66. Scientific Management is also known as
A. Taylorism
B. Fayolism
C. Leninism
Answer: A.Taylorism
67. The aim of Scientific Management is the replacement of traditional techniques by
A. new techniques
B. modern techniques
C. scientific techniques
Answer: C.scientific techniques
68. Scientific Management focused on the
A. lowest level
B. middle level
C. highest level
Answer: A.lowest level
69. The tendency on the part of the workers to restrict output is called
A. regression
B. soldiering
C. refraining
Answer: B.soldiering
70. According to F.W.Taylor, the habit to take it easy is called
A. natural soldiering
B. systematic soldiering
C. unique soldiering
Answer: A.natural soldiering
71. The realisation on part of both the parties (workers and managers) that their mutualinterest is not contradictory is
A. clinical method
B. hygiene factor
C. mental revolution
Answer: C.mental revolution
72. Classical Theorists consider every worker as
A. economic man
B. social man
C. communal man
Answer: A.economic man
73. According to the Classical Theory, man is motivated by
A. social factors
B. monetary factors
C. environmental factors
Answer: B.monetary factors
74. When a worker is supervised and guided by eight functional foreman, it is called
A. Differential piece rate plan
B. Functional foremanship
C. Unity of Command
Answer: B.Functional foremanship
75. Determining the best set of motions amongst different set of motion in completing a job iscalled
A. Motion study
B. Time study
C. Mental Revolution
Answer: A.Motion study
76. The study of time taken for completion of work is called
A. Time study
B. Motion study
C. Momentary study
Answer: A.Time study
77. Pay by piece rates on the basis of standards set by motion and time studies is
A. Recurring Plan
B. Systematic Plan
C. Differential Piece-Rate Plan
Answer: C.Differential Piece-Rate Plan
78. Which of the following is not an aim of Scientific Management?
A. Increased Production
B. Conditions of work
C. Quality Control
Answer: B.Conditions of work
79. Scientific Management is based on the principle of
A. Development of hygiene factors of work
B. Development of motivational factors of work
C. Development of true science of work
Answer: C.Development of true science of work
80. According to Taylor, the workers in an organization should be selected on the basis of
A. outlook
B. aptitude
C. status
Answer: B.aptitude
81. The father of Classical Theory is
A. F. W. Taylor
B. Henry Fayol
C. Chester Barnard
Answer: B.Henry Fayol
82. The central tenet of Classical Theory is
A. division of labour
B. responsibility
C. increased production
Answer: A.division of labour
83. Classical theorists believe that the Principles of organization can be applied
A. individually
B. universally
C. simultaneously
Answer: B.universally
84. The book “General and Industrial Management” was written by
A. Douglas Mc Gregor
B. Lenin
C. Henry Fayol
Answer: C.Henry Fayol
85. According to Fayol, buying, selling and exchange of goods fall under
A. Technical activities
B. Commercial activities
C. Financial activities
Answer: B.Commercial activities
86. The number of principles of administration specified by Henry Fayol was
A. 12
B. 13
C. 14
Answer: C.14
87. The object of division of work (specialization) is to produce
A. more and better work
B. better cooperation
C. better conditions of work
Answer: A.more and better work
88. Which is not an element of administration as mentioned by Fayol?
A. Planning
B. Organizing
C. Conducting
Answer: C.Conducting
89. The right to give orders and the power to exact obedience is
A. responsibility
B. control
C. authority
Answer: C.authority
90. When an employee should receive orders from one superior only, it is called
A. Unity of command
B. Supervision
C. Span of control
Answer: A.Unity of command
91. Fayol refers to “one head and one plan for a group of activities having the sameobjective” as
A. Unity of direction
B. Unity of command
C. Scalar chain
Answer: A.Unity of direction
92. The prices for services rendered is known as
A. Fees
B. Charges
C. Remuneration
Answer: C.Remuneration
93. The chain of superiors ranging from the ultimate authority to the lowest ranks is
A. Gang Plank
B. Scalar Chain
C. Clinical Method
Answer: B.Scalar Chain
94. Henry Fayol advocates ‘A place for everyone and everyone in his place’ as
A. Material Order
B. Human Order
C. Economic Order
Answer: B.Human Order
95. The power of thinking out a plan and executing it to ensure its success is
A. Initiative
B. Progress
C. Idea
Answer: A.Initiative
96. Esprit de Corps means
A. Harmony
B. Grace
C. Faith
Answer: A.Harmony
97. ‘The Theory of Economic and Social Organisations’ is written by
A. Woodrow Wilson
B. Max Weber
C. Peter Drucker
Answer: B.Max Weber
98. Max Weber was born in
A. 1865
B. 1869
C. 1864
Answer: C.1864
99. The word “bureaucracy” was coined by
A. Vincent de Gourney
B. John Miller
C. Aristotle
Answer: A.Vincent de Gourney
100. The word ‘bureaucracy’ was coined in
A. 1754
B. 1745
C. 1756
Answer: C.1756
101. The word ‘bureau’ means
A. chair
B. shelf
C. table
Answer: C.table
102. The word ‘cracy’ is derived from
A. French
B. Latin
C. Greek
Answer: C.Greek
103. Max Weber classified authority into
A. Three types
B. Four types
C. Two types
Answer: A.Three types
104. Authority which is obeyed because of customs, traditions, conventions and beliefs is
A. Legal Rational Authority
B. Traditional Authority
C. Charismatic Authority
Answer: B.Traditional Authority
105. Obedience owed to the legally established impersonal order is
A. Charismatic Authority
B. Legal Rational Authority
C. Traditional Authority
Answer: B.Legal Rational Authority
106. The legitimacy of Charismatic authority is
A. Outstanding character
B. Indifference
C. Morals and Values
Answer: A.Outstanding character
107. Which of the following does Max Weber consider as the most efficient form ofauthority?
A. Legal Rational Authority
B. Traditional Authority
C. Charismatic Authority
Answer: A.Legal Rational Authority
108. According to Max Weber, bureaucracy frequently has a
A. administrative head
B. bureaucratic head
C. non-bureaucratic head
Answer: C.non-bureaucratic head
109. In the Legal-Rational Bureaucracy, officials hold office on the basis of
A. Appointment
B. Election
C. Choice
Answer: A.Appointment
110. In the Legal Rational Bureaucracy, official duties are conducted in a spirit of
A. Nepotism
B. Impersonality
C. Partiality
Answer: B.Impersonality
111. Weber died in
A. 1940
B. 1930
C. 1920
Answer: C.1920
112. The Human Relations Theory is also known as
A. Classical Theory
B. Behavioural Theory
C. Neo-Classical Theory
Answer: C.Neo-Classical Theory
113. Who is regarded as Father of Human Relations Theory?
A. Elton Mayo
B. F.W. Taylor
C. M.P. Follett
Answer: A.Elton Mayo
114. Human Relations Theory came into existence as a reaction to
A. Humanistic Theory
B. Decision Making Theory
C. Classical Theory
Answer: C.Classical Theory
115. Which study formed the basis for the rise of Human Relations Theory?
A. Decision Making Study
B. Hawthorne Study
C. Motivation Study
Answer: B.Hawthorne Study
116. Which style of management advocated by Human Relations Theory?
A. Participative Management
B. Non-Participative Management
C. None of the Above
Answer: A.Participative Management
117. The Human Relations Theory lays emphasis on
A. Principles of Organisation
B. Formal
C. People
Answer: C.People
118. The Human Relations Theory highlighted the significance of Human dimension of theorganisation by drawing attention to
A. Economic factors of work situation
B. The Social and Psychological factors of work situation
C. The Political factors of work situation
Answer: B.The Social and Psychological factors of work situation
119. Human Relations Theory is criticised on which of the following ground
A. It is pro-union and anti-management
B. It advocates participative style of Management
C. It lacks a scientific base
Answer: C.It lacks a scientific base
120. Hawthorne Experiment was conducted at
A. Bethlehem Steel Company
B. Western Electrical Company
C. Midvale Steel Company
Answer: B.Western Electrical Company
121. Hawthorne Experiment was conducted by
A. Mary Parker Follet
B. Abraham Maslow
C. Elton Mayo
Answer: C.Elton Mayo
122. Hawthorne Studies was conducted in Western Electrical Company in
A. Chicago
B. London
C. Paris
Answer: A.Chicago
123. Hawthorne Experiments were conducted in
A. U.S.A.
B. UK
C. Russia
Answer: A.U.S.A.
124. The findings of the Hawthorne experiments are discussed in
A. Management and the Work
B. Management and the Worker
C. Management and the Morale
Answer: B.Management and the Worker
125. The book in which the Hawthorne Experiments are discussed in detail authored by
A. F.J. Roethlisberger and William J. Dickson
B. F.S. Roethlisberger and William White
C. F.J. Roethlisberger and Elton Mayo
Answer: A.F.J. Roethlisberger and William J. Dickson
126. Which of the following is not a work of Elton Mayo?
A. The Economic Problems of an Industrial
B. The Social Problems of an Industrial Civilisation
C. The Political Problems of an Industrial Civilisation
Answer: A.The Economic Problems of an Industrial
127. According to Elton Mayo ‘one should not turn out too much work’ and if one does it iscalled_______________.
A. Squealer
B. Officious
C. Rate Buster
Answer: C.Rate Buster
128. Hawthorne Experiments led to the emergence of the
A. Human Relations Theory
B. Ecological Theory
C. Classical Theory
Answer: C.Classical Theory
129. Hawthorne Experiments were conducted from the period
A. 1924-32
B. 1924-34
C. 1924-36
Answer: A.1924-32
130. The book ‘Creative Experience’ is written by
A. Mary Parker Follett
B. Elton Mayo
C. L.D. White
Answer: A.Mary Parker Follett
131. Which of the following is not associated with Mary Parker Follett?
A. Conflict
B. Bottom-Up Approach
C. Integration
Answer: B.Bottom-Up Approach
132. ‘Dynamic Administration’ was written in
A. 1932
B. 1941
C. 1964
Answer: B.1941
133. To Follet, conflicts in an organization are inevitable due to individual
A. feelings
B. emotions
C. differences
Answer: C.differences
134. Victory of one side over the other is
A. domination
B. integration
C. compromise
Answer: A.domination
135. When both sides surrender what they want, it is called
A. compromise
B. integration
C. domination
Answer: A.compromise
136. Mary Parker Follett was born in
A. 1875
B. 1868
C. 1854
Answer: B.1868
137. How many ways of resolving did Mary Parker Follett suggest?
A. two
B. one
C. three
Answer: C.three
138. Herbert Simon’s contribution is significant in the field of
A. Communication
B. Authority
C. Decision Making
Answer: C.Decision Making
139. Who said that ‘before a science can develop principles it must possess concepts’?
A. Chester Barnard
B. Herbert Simon
C. Elton Mayo
Answer: B.Herbert Simon
140. Who has called ‘Decision Making’ as the heart of administration?
A. F.W.
B. Max Weber
C. Herbert Simon
Answer: C.Herbert Simon
141. Herbert Simon divides Decision Making into _______________________.
A. Three Phases
B. Four Phases
C. Five Phases
Answer: A.Three Phases
142. The book ‘Administrative Behaviour-A Study of Decision Making Processes in Administrative Organization’ was written by
A. Herbert Simon
B. Woodrow Wilson
C. Luther Gulick
Answer: A.Herbert Simon
143. According to Herbert Simon, every decision is based upon
A. Factual and Value Premises
B. Data and Value Premises
C. None of the Above
Answer: A.Factual and Value Premises
144. Which phase of Decision Making according to Herbert Simon consists of Inventing,Developing and Analysing possible courses of action?
A. First Phase
B. Second Phase
C. Third Phase
Answer: B.Second Phase
145. Herbert Simon’s Rational Decision Making model is also known as
A. Behaviour Alternative Model
B. Human Alternative Model
C. Economic Rationality Model
Answer: A.Behaviour Alternative Model
146. Herbert Simon was famous for his ___________________
A. Mental Revolution
B. Decision Making Theory
C. Chain of Command
Answer: B.Decision Making Theory
147. ‘Satisficing’ is a term associated with
A. Herbert Simon
B. Abraham Maslow
C. Douglas McGregor
Answer: A.Herbert Simon
148. Herbert Simon’s factual premises means
A. Statement of Reality
B. Expression of Preference
C. None of the Above
Answer: A.Statement of Reality
149. The activity of finding alternative courses of action is
A. Intelligence Activity
B. Design Activity
C. Choice Activity
Answer: B.Design Activity
150. The last phase in decision-making is
A. Choice Activity
B. Intelligence Activity
C. Design Activity
Answer: A.Choice Activity
151. Repetitive and routine decisions are
A. Non-programmed decisions
B. Programmed decisions
C. Organisational decisions
Answer: B.Programmed decisions
152. The scientific study of human behaviour in organisation is also called __________
A. Classical Theory
B. Behavioural Theory
C. Scientific Theory
Answer: B.Behavioural Theory
153. Behavioural Theory believes in
A. What should be
B. What ought to be
C. What is
Answer: C.What is
154. Behavioural Theory focussed on
A. Decision Making in organisations
B. Inter personal relations in organisations
C. Actual behaviour of persons and groups in organisations
Answer: C.Actual behaviour of persons and groups in organisations
155. The foremost exponent of Behavioural Theory is
A. Herbert Simon
B. Chester Barnard
C. Chris Argyris
Answer: A.Herbert Simon
156. Which statement is not correct about the Behavioural Theory?
A. It is concerned with the scientific study of human behaviour
B. It was started by Chester Barnard
C. Its literature is mostly descriptive, not prescriptive
Answer: B.It was started by Chester Barnard
157. The origin of Behavioural Theory can be traced to ______________.
A. Hawthorne Experiments
B. Classical Experiments
C. None of the Above
Answer: A.Hawthorne Experiments
158. Behavioural Theory is not concerned with
A. Prescription
B. Quantification
C. Mathematization
Answer: A.Prescription
159. The term ‘Self-Actualisation’ was first coined by
A. Kurt Goldstein
B. Abraham Maslow
C. Douglas Mcgregor
Answer: A.Kurt Goldstein
160. Which of the following is true about Abraham Maslow Theory?
A. It is the first theory of motivation
B. It is based on Psychoanalysis
C. It is not based on the idea of prepotency of needs
Answer: B.It is based on Psychoanalysis
161. According to Maslow
A. Human needs are always conscious
B. Social and Esteem needs are of higher order
C. A Satisfied need does not motivate
Answer: C.A Satisfied need does not motivate
162. The author of ‘Motivation and Personality’ is
A. Abraham Maslow
B. F.W. Riggs
C. Douglas Mcgregor
Answer: A.Abraham Maslow
163. How many needs are there in Abraham Maslow’s ‘Hierarchy of Needs Theory’?
A. Three
B. Four
C. Five
Answer: C.Five
164. Hierarchy of Needs Theory was advocated by
A. Frederick Herzberg
B. Elton Mayo
C. Abraham Maslow
Answer: C.Abraham Maslow
165. The highest need in Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is
A. Self-Actualisation Needs
B. Security Needs
C. Esteem Needs
Answer: A.Self-Actualisation Needs
166. Hierarchy of Needs Theory is associated with
A. Herbert Simon
B. Douglas McGregor
C. Abraham Maslow
Answer: C.Abraham Maslow
167. Abraham Maslow’s Physiological Needs are also called _______________.
A. Biological Needs
B. Safety Needs
C. Social Needs
Answer: A.Biological Needs
168. Abraham Maslow’s Belongingness Needs are also called ______________.
A. Social Needs
B. Self- Esteem Needs
C. Physiological Needs
Answer: A.Social Needs
169. Abraham Maslow’s Love, Affection and Belongingness are
A. Safety Needs
B. Social Needs
C. Physiological Needs
Answer: B.Social Needs
170. In Hierarchy Needs Theory after ‘Security Needs’ comes
A. Self-Esteem Needs
B. Physiological Needs
C. Social Needs
Answer: C.Social Needs
171. The book ‘Motivation and Personality’ was written in
A. 1948
B. 1954
C. 1963
Answer: B.1954
172. The paper ‘A Theory of Human Motivation’ was written by
A. Abraham Maslow
B. Henry Fayol
C. Douglas McGregor
Answer: A.Abraham Maslow
173. The classic paper ‘A Theory of Human Motivation’ was propounded in
A. 1945
B. 1952
C. 1943
Answer: C.1943
174. According to Maslow, human needs influence human ________________.
A. Potential
B. Responsibility
C. behavior
Answer: C.behavior
175. Protection against natural calamities, danger and threat are
A. Physiological Needs
B. Security Needs
C. Biological Needs
Answer: B.Security Needs
176. According to the Hierarchy of Needs Theory, Ego Needs are
A. Esteem Needs
B. Biological Needs
C. Security Needs
Answer: A.Esteem Needs
177. Esteem Needs are further divided into
A. two groups of needs
B. three groups of needs
C. four groups of needs
Answer: A.two groups of needs
178. To Maslow, status, importance and appreciation are
A. achievement needs
B. recognition needs
C. security needs
Answer: B.recognition needs
179. According to Maslow, self-confidence, independence and competence are
A. recognition needs
B. achievement needs
C. biological needs
Answer: B.achievement needs
180. Which needs according to Maslow do human beings usually strive to satisfy first?
A. Social Needs
B. Security Needs
C. Physiological Needs
Answer: C.Physiological Needs
181. The urgency of a satisfied need
A. increases
B. decreases
C. remains the same
Answer: B.decreases
182. The emergence of needs is a _____________ phenomenon.
A. sudden
B. repetitive
C. gradual
Answer: C.gradual
183. To Maslow, physiological, social and security needs are
A. lower order needs
B. middle order needs
C. higher order needs
Answer: A.lower order needs
184. The book ‘The Human Side of Enterprise’ was written in
A. 1970
B. 1960
C. 1950
Answer: B.1960
185. To McGregor, the assumption that the average human being does not inherently dislikework is
A. Theory X
B. Theory Y
C. Theory Z
Answer: B.Theory Y
186. According to McGregor, in managerial strategy, ___________ will be more beneficialfor the individual and the organization.
A. Theory V
B. Theory X
C. Theory Y
Answer: C.Theory Y
187. In ‘Theory X’, communication in managerial functions is
A. Downward
B. Upward
C. Downward and Upward
Answer: A.Downward
188. The author of ‘The Human Side of Enterprise’ is
A. Douglas McGregor
B. Frederick Herzberg
C. Abraham Maslow
Answer: A.Douglas McGregor
189. Douglas McGregor Theory X considers man as
A. A negative being
B. A positive being
C. None of the Above
Answer: A.A negative being
190. Who propounded ‘Theory X and Theory Y’?
A. Frederick Herzberg
B. Douglas McGregor
C. Henry Fayol
Answer: B.Douglas McGregor
191. Which of the following theory is associated with the traditional view of ‘Direction andControl’?
A. Theory W
B. Theory X
C. Theory Y
Answer: B.Theory X
192. Douglas McGregor Theory Y deals with
A. Bureaucracy
B. Administration
C. Motivation
Answer: C.Motivation
193. Douglas McGregor Theory X represents
A. Classical approach to Management
B. Behavioural approach to Management
C. Participative approach to Management
Answer: A.Classical approach to Management
194. Which of the following theory is associated with the integration of individual andorganisational goals?
A. Theory W
B. Theory X
C. Theory Y
Answer: C.Theory Y
195. In Theory X, Douglas McGregor believes that average human being
A. Accepts responsibilities
B. Does not resist organisational needs
C. Dislikes Work
Answer: C.Dislikes Work
196. Frederick Herzberg divides the people working in organisation into
A. Two Groups
B. Three Groups
C. Four Groups
Answer: A.Two Groups
197. The author of ‘The Motivation to Work’ is
A. Douglas Mcgregor
B. Frederick Herzberg
C. F.W. Riggs
Answer: B.Frederick Herzberg
198. Frederick Herzberg propounded
A. Theory X and Theory Y
B. Scientific Management Theory
C. Motivation-Hygiene Theory
Answer: C.Motivation-Hygiene Theory
199. Frederick Herzberg calls Hygiene Factors as
A. Dissatisfiers
B. Satisfiers
C. Growth
Answer: A.Dissatisfiers
200. Who propounded Motivation-Hygiene Theory?
A. Henry Fayol
B. Abraham Maslow
C. Frederick Herzberg
Answer: C.Frederick Herzberg
201. Frederick Herzberg Motivation Factors are also called as
A. Growth Factors
B. Extrinsic Factors
C. Maintenance Factors
Answer: A.Growth Factors
202. Which among the following is a ‘Hygiene Factor’?
A. Achievement
B. Salary
C. Recognition
Answer: B.Salary
203. Which among the following is a ‘Motivation Factor’?
A. Working Conditions
B. Supervision
C. Responsibility
Answer: C.Responsibility
204. According to Frederick Herzberg the Motivation Factors describe man’s relationship to
A. Job Content
B. Environment
Answer: A.Job Content
205. Which of the following is correct about Hygiene Factors?
A. Their presence brings satisfaction
B. Motivate the individuals
C. Their presence do not bring satisfaction
Answer: C.Their presence do not bring satisfaction
206. The word ‘motivation’ is derived from
A. Latin
B. Greek
C. French
Answer: A.Latin
207. According to Herzberg, ‘motivators’ are mainly
A. unipolar
B. bipolar
C. tripolar
Answer: A.unipolar
208. Persons motivated by the nature of environment in an organization are
A. Motivation Seeker
B. Hygiene Seeker
C. Joy Seeker
Answer: B.Hygiene Seeker
209. Herzberg describes persons motivated by the nature of task in an organization as
A. Adventure Seeker
B. Motivation Seeker
C. Hygiene Seeker
Answer: B.Motivation Seeker
210. Frederick Herzberg propounded the Motivation-Hygiene Theory in
A. 1959
B. 1962
C. 1945
Answer: A.1959
211. The study of public administration on a comparative basis is called
A. Comparative Public Administration
B. Behavioural Approach
C. Development Administration
Answer: A.Comparative Public Administration
212. Comparative Public Administration was developed after
A. World War I
B. World War II
C. None of the above
Answer: B.World War II
213. Comparative Public Administration aims at the development of a more scientific publicadministration by
A. Building and strengthening theory in public administration.
B. Motivating workers in an organization
C. Introducing new techniques of administration
Answer: A.Building and strengthening theory in public administration.
214. Comparative public administration focuses on
A. environmental administration
B. cross-cultural and cross-national public administration
C. rural and tribal administration
Answer: B.cross-cultural and cross-national public administration
215. The most important single contribution to the growth of comparative publicadministration came from
A. the Minnowbrook Conference
B. the Western Electrical Company
C. the Comparative Administration Group
Answer: C.the Comparative Administration Group
216. The CAG was established in
A. 1960
B. 1979
C. 1985
Answer: A.1960
217. The full form of ASPA is
A. American Society for Public Associations
B. American Society for Public Administration
C. American Society for People’s Assistance
Answer: B.American Society for Public Administration
218. ASPA was founded in
A. 1945
B. 1956
C. 1939
Answer: C.1939
219. The father of Comparative Public Administration is
A. F. W. Riggs
B. Ferrel Heady
C. Henry Fayol
Answer: A.F. W. Riggs
220. The type of study ‘which deals with what is’ is called
A. Nomothetic studies
B. Ideographic studies
C. Empirical studies
Answer: C.Empirical studies
221. Universal studies of various administrative systems in a comparative context is
A. Normative studies
B. Nomothetic studies
C. Ecological studies
Answer: B.Nomothetic studies
222. The examination of administrative phenomena in relation to its external environment is
A. Ideographic studies
B. Empirical studies
C. Ecological studies
Answer: C.Ecological studies
223. Who said “Comparative Public Administration” is a study of public administration on acomparative basis”?
A. Waldo
B. Riggs
C. Raphaeli
Answer: C.Raphaeli
224. Which of the following is not a trend enumerated by Riggs for the comparative Studyof Public Administration?
A. From normative to empirical
B. From ideographic to nomothetic
C. From nomothetic to ideographic
Answer: C.From nomothetic to ideographic
225. Comparative Administration Group was established in
A. India
B. America
C. Germany
Answer: B.America
226. ‘Public Administration: A Comparative Perspective’ was written by
A. F. W. Riggs
B. Ferrel Heady
C. Dwight Waldo
Answer: B.Ferrel Heady
227. The Bazaar- Canteen model is associated with
A. Economy
B. Administration
C. Politics
Answer: A.Economy
228. F.W. Riggs describes functionally specific societies as
A. Fused
B. Prismatic
C. Diffracted
Answer: C.Diffracted
229. The word ‘Sala’ in Sala model of F.W. Riggs is derived from a
A. Greek Word
B. Spanish Word
C. Latin Word
Answer: B.Spanish Word
230. How many analytical tools were employed by Riggs to explain his administrativetheories?
A. Two
B. Three
C. Four
Answer: B.Three
231. F.W. Riggs termed the economic sub-system of a Prismatic society as
A. Bazaar-Canteen
B. Clects
C. Sala
Answer: A.Bazaar-Canteen
232. A society which relies on agriculture as its main source of income is a
A. Fused Society
B. Prismatic Society
C. Diffracted Society
Answer: A.Fused Society
233. F.W. Riggs has termed the functionally diffused societies as
A. Diffracted
B. Prismatic
C. Fused
Answer: C.Fused
234. How many functions are performed in each society according to F.W. Riggs?
A. Four
B. Five
C. Six
Answer: A.Four
235. Who written the book ‘Administration in Developing Countries: Theory of PrismaticSociety’?
A. Elton Mayo
B. J.M. Gaus
C. F.W. Riggs
Answer: C.F.W. Riggs
236. According to F.W. Riggs, which of the following is not an element of the overlappingfeature of the Prismatic Society?
A. Poly communalism
B. Nepotism
C. Formalism
Answer: C.Formalism
237. Which one of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?
A. Fused Society-Selectivism
B. Fused Society-Ascription
C. Diffracted Society-Functional Specificity
Answer: A.Fused Society-Selectivism
238. F.W. Riggs describes ‘Sala Model’ as
A. Economic Sub-system
B. Administrative Sub-system
C. None of the Above
Answer: B.Administrative Sub-system
239. According to F.W. Riggs, which of the following is the feature of Diffracted society?
A. Universalism
B. Selectivism
C. Particularism
Answer: A.Universalism
240. According to F.W. Riggs, which of the following is the feature of Fused society?
A. Attainment
B. Achievement
C. Ascription
Answer: C.Ascription
241. Which of the following is the Transitional society according to F.W. Riggs?
A. Diffracted Society
B. Prismatic Society
C. Fused Society
Answer: B.Prismatic Society
242. F.W. Riggs Agrarian model is based on which country
A. Imperial China
B. U.S.A
C. Japan
Answer: A.Imperial China
243. Which of the statement of F.W. Riggs is correct?
A. Ascriptive values is the feature of Industria societies
B. Transitional societies having the attributes of only Agraria societies
C. All societies move from Agraria to Industria stage
Answer: C.All societies move from Agraria to Industria stage
244. In Sala model, which factor plays a dominant role in appointments to variousadministrative posts?
A. Nepotism
B. Merit
C. Administrative Capability
Answer: A.Nepotism
245. F.W. Rigss was born in
A. 1918
B. 1917
C. 1919
Answer: B.1917
246. Comparative Public Administration emphasizes on
A. Generalization
B. Ecological factors
C. Both a) & b)
Answer: C.Both a) & b)
247. Which of the following is not a point of significance of Comparative PublicAdministration?
A. It has widened the scope of Public Administration
B. It promotes narrow regional outlook
C. It has brought politics and administration closer to each other
Answer: B.It promotes narrow regional outlook
248. The agrarian-industria model of Riggs is based on
A. Ecological Approach
B. Behavioural Approach
C. Structural Funcional Approach
Answer: C.Structural Funcional Approach
249. “Public administration is influenced by external environment”. This approach is relatedwith
A. Classical Approach
B. Human Relation Approach
C. Ecological Approach
Answer: C.Ecological Approach
250. Comparative Public Administration is
A. Cross-cultural
B. Culture-bound
C. Convention-oriented
Answer: A.Cross-cultural
251. Which of the following does Comparative Public Administration emphasize?
A. The search for theory*
B. The study of a particular administrative system
C. The relationship of workers in an organization
Answer: A.The search for theory*
252. The ecological approach in the study of public administration was initiated in
A. 1954
B. 1972
C. 1947
Answer: C.1947
253. Which approach did F.W. Riggs adopt to explain administrative systems fromecological perspective?
A. Ecological Approach
B. Structural-Functional Approach
C. Behavioural Approach
Answer: B.Structural-Functional Approach
254. Riggs developed the agrarian-industria model in
A. 1952
B. 1964
C. 1956
Answer: C.1956
255. One of the features of Industria Model is
A. Specific patterns
B. Particular norms
C. Diffuse patterns
Answer: A.Specific patterns
256. The ‘transitia’ model is
A. An intermediate model
B. A primary model
C. A secondary model
Answer: A.An intermediate model
257. The structural-functional approach in explaining administrative systems fromecologoical perspective was first suggested by
A. F. W.Riggs
B. Dwight Waldo
C. David Apter
Answer: B.Dwight Waldo
258. The adoption of the structural-functional approach in the field of public administrationwas first suggested in
A. 1964
B. 1948
C. 1955
Answer: C.1955