Category: Civil Engineering Drawing Objective Questions

Civil Engineering Drawing Multiple Choice Questions on “Wooden and Steel Roof Truss”.

1. In timber roof figure shown below, the part represented by number 3 denotes __________

a) collar beam
b) arch braces
c) rafter
d) queen posts
Answer: b
Clarification: Lacking a tie beam, the arch-braced (arched brace) truss gives a more open look to the interior of the roof. A double arch braced truss has a second pair of arched braces lower down, from the rafter to a block or inner sill: This form is called a wagon, cradle, barrel or tunnel roof because of this cylindrical appearance.

2. In timber roof figure shown below, the part represented by number 1 denotes _________

a) collar beam
b) principal rafters
c) queen posts
d) qrch braces
Answer: b
Clarification: The principal rafters are linked by a collar beam supported by a pair of arch braces, which stiffen the structure and help to transmit the weight of the roof down through the principal rafters to the supporting wall.

3. In timber roof figure shown below, the part represented by number 2 denotes ____________

a) queen posts
b) collar beam
c) tie-beam
d) straining beam
Answer: b
Clarification: The principal rafters are linked by a collar beam supported by a pair of arch braces, which stiffen the structure and help to transmit the weight of the roof down through the principal rafters to the supporting wall.

4. Figure shown below represents __________

a) fan truss
b) scissor truss
c) triangular truss
d) inclined truss
Answer: b
Clarification: The scissor truss gets its name from being shaped like a pair of shears (scissors). Two defining features of a scissor truss are: 1) the joint where the bottom chords pass (the hinge of a pair of scissors) must be firmly connected and 2) the rafter (top chord) feet must land on the bottom chords. If the bottom chords join to the under-side of the top chords the assembly is said to be “scissor braced” rather than a scissor truss.

5. Figure shown below represents ____________

a) King Post truss
b) Howe truss
c) Studio truss
d) Fan truss
Answer: d
Clarification: Just like you can see from many roof truss types pictures, the Fan Truss comes with a very simple design and it’s made out of steel. In this particular situation, the trusses form a fink roof truss. On top of that, the main characteristic here is that the top chords are split into smaller lengths, as this allows the build to obtain purlin support. Also, you get a medium span with this type, around 10-15m, which is more than enough for most projects.

6. The structure shown below as a whole represents _____________

a) Queen post truss
b) King post truss
c) Scissor Roof Truss
d) Trapezoidal truss
Answer: a
Clarification: A queen post truss has two principal rafters and two vertical queen posts. The queen post truss extends the span, and combined with spliced joints in the longer members extends the useful span for trusses of these types. As with a king post, the queen posts may be replaced with iron rods and thus called a queen rod truss. This truss is often known as a palladiana (Palladian truss) in Italy, as it was frequently used by the Venetian architect Andrea Palladio. Sometimes a palladian truss is defined as a compound truss with a queen post and king post truss in the same assembly.
The queen post truss and the king post truss may be combined, by using the straining beam of the queen post truss as the tie beam for a king post truss above. Such combinations are known as compound trusses.

7. Figure below is a section of a roof, identify the type _________

a) Salt Box roof
b) Hammerbeam roof
c) Mansard Roof
d) Pyramid roof
Answer: b
Clarification: The hammerbeam roof was the culmination of the development of the arch-braced truss, allowing greater spaces to be spanned. The hammerbeam roof of Westminster Hall in London, designed by Hugh Herland and installed between 1395 and 1399, was the largest timber-roofed space in medieval Europe, spanning a distance of just over 20 metres (66 ft). It is considered to be the best example of a hammer-beam truss in England.
Hammer beam trusses can have a single hammerbeam or multiple hammerbeams. A false hammerbeam roof (truss) has two definitions: 1) There is no hammer post on the hammer beam as sometimes found in a type of arch brace truss or; 2)The hammer beam joins into the hammer post instead of the hammer post landing on the hammer beam.

8. Which is one of the most efficient types of timber roof trusses?
a) Raised Heel Roof Truss
b) Quadrangular Roof Trusses
c) Parallel Chord Roof Truss
d) Scissor Roof Truss
Answer: a
Clarification: This is one of the most efficient types of timber roof trusses, mostly because it brings a very good room for insulation, but at the same time it also provides you with a very good system for structural support. It might require some additional materials in order to make it bring the best results, not to mention that the costs can be a little higher when compared to other truss types, but it does help you lower the energy bill value, so keep that in mind.

Civil Engineering Drawing Multiple Choice Questions & Answers on “Analysis of Rates for Sanitary and Water Supply”.

1. The Indian Water Closet shall not consist of _____________
a) the brickbat lime or cement concrete required to be filled around the entire space of the W.C. pan properly rammed and consolidated without damaging the pan
b) C.I. soil waste pipe bend with cleaning cap extending upto Gulley Trap Chamber beyond the “P” trap
c) best Indian make Water Closet pan of 127mm (i.e. 05″) size with “P” or “S” trap in white glazed earthenware
d) low level flushing cistern of 15 litres capacity ‘Fordham’ or equivalent make, porcelain enamelled with all fittings and accessories with 32 mm flush chromium plates flush bend
Answer: c
Clarification: Best Indian make Water Closet pan of 630mm (i.e. 25″) size with “P” or “S” trap in white glazed earthenware.

2. For urinals which of the below options will not be present?
a) Vitreous Chinaware urinal stall of 11p type as specified in the material schedule
b) 5 litre capacity C.I automatic flushing cistern with all accessories
c) 12 mm dia. C.P. brass, flush pipe
d) 2mm Chromium plated brass waste coupling
Answer: d
Clarification: 32mm Chromium plated brass waste coupling.

3. For sanitary purpose galvanised iron pipes and specials shall be of class “C” heavy type, first quality and shall conform to IS 1239 be used.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: All pipes and fittings shall be approved by the Owner / Consultants prior to installation. Cast Iron soil waste pipes & specials shall be of approved quality and shall conform to IS 1729. These pipes shall be used for soil waste, vents and anti-sliphonage. Asbestos cement pipes and specials shall be approved make and shall conform to IS1626. These pipes shall be used wherever they are exposed and non-vertically.

4. For the wash basin, all the accessories wherever necessary shall be painted in 2 coats or more with approved enamel paint.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: i) 12mm chromium plated tap with appropriate marks for cold or hot water.
ii) 32 mm chromium plated brass waste coupling with rubber plug and chain.
iii) 12mm p.v.c. connector with wiped joints & 15mm chromium plated brass stop cock.

5. This shall be of Chromium plated brass and approximately 25mm in diameter.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: Shower Rose shall be of Chromium plated brass and approximately 125mm in diameter with C.P. brass arm of appropriate length and wall flange etc., wherever necessary.

6. The mirror shall be mounted on Asbestos sheets or 60mm plywood with brass counter sunk screws with washers and detachable G.P. caps.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: The mirror shall be mounted on Asbestos sheets or 60mm plywood with brass counter sunk screws with washers and detachable G.P. caps.

7. The maximum distance between manholes shall be 30 meter unless specially permitted otherwise.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: In addition, at every change of alignment gradient or diameter there shall be a manhole or inspection chamber. The distance between manhole or inspection chamber and gully chamber shall not exceed 6 metres unless desired otherwise. Manhole shall be constructed so as to be watertight under test. The bending at the sides shall be carried out in such a manner as to provide no lodgement for any splashings in case of accidental flashing of the chamber.

8. Laying of pipes shall proceed up grade of slopes. The error of grade shall not be rectified by packing up earth underneath the pipes.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: If required, concrete shall be used for packing. The ends of the pipes shall be kept closed to keep dirt, mud and foreign materials, out. Adequate provision shall be made to prevent floating of pipe in the event of flooding of trenches. The body of the pipe for its entire length shall rest on an even bed in the trench and places shall be excavated to receive the collar for the purpose of jointing.

9. Anti-siphonage pipe is connected to __________
a) top of P trap W.C
b) main soil pipe
c) bottom of P trap W.C
d) side of water closet
Answer: c
Clarification: A vent is open at top and bottom, to facilitate exit of foul gases. It is carried at least one meter higher than the roof level. Rain water pipe: it is a pipe which carries only the rain water. Anti-siphonage pipe: it is pipe which is installed in the house drainage to preserve the water seal of traps.

10. The diameter of a domestic sewer pipe laid at gradient 1 in 100 is recommended to __________
a) 100 mm
b) 150 mm
c) 210 mm
d) 400 mm
Answer: b
Clarification: A sanitary sewer or “foul sewer” is an underground carriage system specifically for transporting sewage from houses and commercial buildings through pipes to treatment facilities or disposal. Sanitary sewers are part of an overall system called a sewage system or sewerage.
Sewage may be treated to control water pollution before discharge to surface waters. Sanitary sewers serving industrial areas also carry industrial wastewater.

To practice all areas of Civil Engineering Drawing, .

Civil Engineering Drawing Multiple Choice Questions on “Values, Tax, Funds & Rents etc”.

1. _____________ is the technique of estimating or determining the fair price or value of a property such as a building, a factory, other engineering structures of various types.
a) depreciation
b) capital value
c) valuation
d) taxation
Answer: c
Clarification: By valuation the present value of a property is determined. The present value of property may be decided by its selling price, or income or rent it may fetch. The value of property depends on its structure, life, maintenance, location, bank interest, legal control, etc. The value also depends on supply on demand and the purpose for which valuation is required.

2. What is the capitalized value of a property fetching a net annual rent of Rs.1000 and the highest rate of interest prevalent being 5%, rate of interest is 8%?
a) Rs.16500.00
b) Rs.18500.00
c) Rs.12900.00
d) Rs.12500.00
Answer: d
Clarification: For Rs.5.00 interest, capital Rs.1000.00
To get Rs.1000.00 interest, capital = (100/5)*1000
= Rs.20000.00
In short capitalized value is – Net annual income*Year’s purchase
For the same net income if the rate of interest is 8% the capitalized value = 1000*(100/8) = Rs.12500.00.

3. A pumping set with a motor has been installed in a building at a cost of Rs.2500.00. Assuming the life of the pump as 15 years, work out the amount of annual instalment of sinking fund required to be deposited to accumulate the whole amount of 4% compound interest.
a) Rs.355
b) Rs.125
c) Rs.185
d) Rs.1950
Answer: b
Clarification: The annual sinking fund, I = Si / [(1+i)n-1] = 2500*0.04/(1+0.04)15-1 = 2500*0.05 = Rs.125
The owner is to deposit Rs.125/- annually in 4% compound interest carrying investment for 15 years to accumulate Rs.2500/-.

4. An old building has been purchased by a person at a cost of Rs.30000/- excluding the cost of the land. Calculate the amount of annual sinking fund at 4% interest assuming the future lie of the building as 20 years and the scrap value of the building as 10% of the cost of purchase.
a) Rs.979.7
b) Rs.4387.20
c) Rs.107.20
d) Rs.907.20
Answer: d
Clarification: The total amount of sinking fund to be accumulated at the end of 20 years.
S = 30000 * 90/100 = Rs.27000.00
Annual instalment of sinking fund.
I = Si / [(1+i)n-1] = 27000*0.04/(1+0.04)20-1 = 27000*0.0336 = Rs.907.20
Annual Instalment for sinking fund required for 20 years = Rs.907.20.

5. In this method, it is assumed that the property will lose its value by a constant percentage of its value at the beginning of every year. This method is called?
a) Sinking fund method
b) Constant percentage method
c) Straight line method
d) Quantity survey method
Answer: c
Clarification: In this method a fixed amount of the original cost is deducted every year so that at the end of the utility period only the scrap value is left.
Annual depreciation D = Original cost-scrap value/life in year = C-S/n,
Where C- original cost, S- scrap value, n-life of the property in years and D- annual depreciation. The book value after the number of years, say N years = original cost – N*D.

6. A property fetches a net annual income of Rs.900 deducting all outgoings. Workout the capitalized value of the property if the rate of interest is 6% per annum.
a) Rs.67003.00
b) Rs.189003.00
c) Rs.45603.00
d) Rs.15003.00
Answer: a
Clarification: Year’s purchase = 100/6 = 16.67
Capitalized value of the property = Net income * Y.P. = 900*16.67 = Rs.15003.00.

7. A building costing Rs.700000.00 has been constructed on a freehold land measuring 100 sq m recently in a big city. Prevailing rate of land in the neighbourhood is Rs.150.00 per sq m. Determine the net rent of the property, if the expenditure on an outgoing including sinking fund is Rs.24000.00 per annum. Work out also the gross rent of the property per month.
a) 48000/-, 8000/-
b) 18000/-, 6000/-
c) 46700/-, 6000/-
d) 48000/-, 6000/-
Answer: d
Clarification: Cost of construction = Rs.700000.00
Cost of land @Rs.150.00 per sq m = 100*150 = Rs.150000.00
Net return:
On building @ 6% on the cost of construction = 700000.00 *6/100 = Rs.42000.00
On the land @ 4% on the cost of land = 700000.00 *6/100 = Rs.6000.00
Total net rent per year = Rs.48000.00
Gross rent = Net rent + outgoings = 48000+24000.00 = 72000.00 per annum
Gross rent per month = 72000/12 = 6000.00.

8. Find the plinth area required for the residential accommodation for an assistant engineer in the pay scale of Rs.400.00 to 1000.00 per month.
a) 293.33 sq m.
b) 93.33 sq m.
c) 983.33 sq m.
d) 23.33 sq m.
Answer: b
Clarification: Average pay = 400+1000/2 = Rs. 700.00 per month.
Average monthly rent @ 10% of salary = 700.00/10 = Rs.70.00
Average annual rent 70.0*12 = Rs.840.00.
Capital cost of the building @ 6%interest = 840*100/6 = Rs.14000.00
Plinth area required @Rs.150.00 per sq m of plinth area = 14000/150 = 93.33 sq m.
Normally the quarter for the assistant engineer should be constructed at the cost of Rs.14000.00 having plinth area of 93.33 sq m.
But due to the increase in the cost of construction, this may be increased by 100% and the capital cost of construction may be fixed as Rs.2800.00 and the approximate plinth area of 93.33.

9. Obsolescence is the annual periodic payments for repayments of the capital amount invested by a party.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: An annuity is a series of payments made at equal intervals. Examples of annuities are regular deposits to a savings account, monthly home mortgage payments, monthly insurance payments and pension payments. Annuities can be classified by the frequency of payment dates. The payments (deposits) may be made weekly, monthly, quarterly, yearly, or at any other regular interval of time.
An annuity which provides for payments for the remainder of a person’s lifetime is a life annuity.

10. Scrap value is the net annual letting value of a property, which is obtained after deducting the amount of yearly repairs from the gross income.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: In financial accounting, scrap value is associated with the depreciation of assets used in a business. In this situation, scrap value is defined as the expected or estimated value of the asset at the end of its useful life. Scrap value is also referred to as an asset’s salvage value or residual value.

Civil Engineering Drawing Multiple Choice Questions on “Nomography”.

1. ___________ are combination of more than two straight or curved scales aligned in a definite way so that when a straight line drawn across the scales intersects them at values satisfying the represented equation.
a) Hydrograph
b) Namographs
c) Nomographs
d) Hygrograph

Answer: c
Clarification: A nomogram (from Greek νόμος nomos, “law” and γραμμή grammē, “line”), also called a nomograph, alignment chart or abaque, is a graphical calculating device, a two-dimensional diagram designed to allow the approximate graphical computation of a mathematical function. An arrangement of two linear or logarithmic scales such that an intersecting straight line enables an intermediate values or values on a third scale to be read off.

2. Which is not the type of nomograph?
a) Z- type nomograph
b) Circular nomograph
c) Y- type nomograph
d) Combination of nomograph

Answer: c
Clarification: Y- type nomograph does not exist. The other fourth type of nomographs includes Parallel scales nomograph.

3. Which short of instrument is shown below?

a) 3 Geometrical scale
b) Parallel-scale nomogram
c) Thermometer
d) Barometer

Answer: b
Clarification: The field of nomography was invented in 1884 by the French engineer Philbert Maurice d’Ocagne (1862-1938) and used extensively for many years to provide engineers with fast graphical calculations of complicated formulas to a practical precision. Nomograms use a parallel coordinate system invented by d’Ocagne rather than standard Cartesian coordinates.
A nomogram consists of a set of n scales, one for each variable in an equation. Knowing the values of n-1 variables, the value of the unknown variable can be found, or by fixing the values of some variables, the relationship between the unfixed ones can be studied. The result is obtained by laying a straightedge across the known values on the scales and reading the unknown value from where it crosses the scale for that variable. The virtual or drawn line created by the straightedge is called an index line or isopleth.

4. Which is not the application of nomography?
a) Ballistics calculations prior to fire control systems, where calculating time was critical
b) Operations Research, to obtain results in a variety of optimization problems
c) The design of channels, pipes and weirs for regulating the flow of water
d) In measuring water velocity

Answer: d
Clarification: The current velocity meter allows you to measure stream flow velocity in feet or meters per second and measure water depth in hundredths of a foot up to three feet. The average stream flow velocity times the cross-sectional area of the stream determines the stream flow measurement in cubic feet or meters per second.

5. A ___________ is any quantity that always has the same value.
a) Variable
b) Constant
c) Function
d) Stable

Answer: b
Clarification: A fixed value.
In Algebra, a constant is a number on its own, or sometimes a letter such as a, b or c to stand for a fixed number.
Example: in “x + 5 = 9”, 5 and 9 are constants
If it is not a constant it is called a variable.

6. This is a mathematical equation which expresses the relationship of a group of variables and constants.
a) Function
b) Functional modulus
c) Variables
d) Scales

Answer: a
Clarification: In mathematics, a function is a relation between a set of inputs and a set of permissible outputs with the property that each input is related to exactly one output. An example is the function that relates each real number x to its square x2. The output of a function f corresponding to an input x is denoted by f(x) (read “f of x”). In this example, if the input is −3, then the output is 9, and we may write f(−3) = 9. Likewise, if the input is 3, then the output is also 9, and we may write f(3) = 9. (The same output may be produced by more than one input, but each input gives only one output.) The input variable(s) are sometimes referred to as the argument(s) of the function.

7. This is defined as the product of functional modulus and common constant coefficient of a function variable.
a) Modulus of elasticity
b) Function
c) Scale modulus
d) Functional modulus

Answer: c
Clarification: Scale modulus M = Constant coefficient of function * Functional modulus
Z = 2x + 2y = 2 (x+y)
M = 2* m.

8. This is defined as the length of the scale for a unit value of the functional variable.
a) Functional modulus
b) Young’s modulus
c) Modulus of elasticity
d) Constant modulus

Answer: a
Clarification: Mathematically, we can write as
m = L/(f(x_max)-f(x_min), where m is the functional modulus
L = scale length
x_max and x_min represent the value of the variable x corresponding to the maximum and minimum values of the function respectively.

Civil Engineering Drawing Multiple Choice Questions on “R.C.C. Work and Amount”.

1. Reinforced cement concrete work is usually estimated under ________ items.
a) two
b) three
c) four
d) one
Answer: a
Clarification: The concrete work including centering and shuttering, and binding of steel bars in position is taken under one item in cu m (cu ft) and the steel reinforcement and its bending is taken under one item in (cwt).

2. The density of steel may be taken as _______________
a) 68.5 quintal per cu m
b) 9.85 grams per cu m
c) 390 lbs per cu ft
d) 78.5 quintal per cu m
Answer: d
Clarification: The density of steel may be taken as 78.5 quintal per cu m or 7.85 grams per cu m, 390 lbs per cu ft. The percentage of steel reinforcement depends on the design of the structure.

3. In R.C.C. work the end or side covers for steel bar may be taken as ____________
a) 4cm to 5cm
b) 7cm to 9cm
c) 6cm to 9cm
d) 3cm to 7cm
Answer: a
Clarification: In R.C.C. work the end or side covers for steel bar may be taken as 4cm to 5cm (1 1/2” to 2”) and the bottom and top covers may be taken as 1.2 cm to 2 cm(1/2” to 3/4”) for slab and 2.5 cm to 5cm (1” to 2”) for beams.

4. Concrete reinforced with fibers (which are usually steel, glass, or plastic fibers) is less expensive than hand-tied rebar, while still increasing the tensile strength many times.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: A thin and short fiber, for example short, hair-shaped glass fiber, is only effective during the first hours after pouring the concrete (its function is to reduce cracking while the concrete is stiffening), but it will not increase the concrete tensile strength. A normal-size fiber for European shotcrete (1 mm diameter, 45 mm length—steel or plastic) will increase the concrete’s tensile strength.

5. Resistant to weak acids and especially sulfates, this cement cures slowly and has very low durability and strength.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: Resistant to weak acids and especially sulfates, this cement cures quickly and has very high durability and strength. It was frequently used after World War II to make precast concrete objects. However, it can lose strength with heat or time (conversion), especially when not properly cured. After the collapse of three roofs made of prestressed concrete beams using high alumina cement, this cement was banned in the UK in 1976. Subsequent inquiries into the matter showed that the beams were improperly manufactured, but the ban remained.

6. The coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete is similar to that of steel, eliminating large internal stresses due to differences in thermal expansion or contraction.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: An average value for the coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete is about 10 millionths per degree Celsius (10×10-6/C), although values ranging from 7 to 12 millionths per degree Celsius have been observed.

7. If a material with high strength in tension, such as steel, is placed in concrete, then the composite material, reinforced concrete, resists not only compression but also bending and other direct tensile actions.
a) False
b) True
Answer: b
Clarification: A reinforced concrete section where the concrete resists the compression and steel resists the tension can be made into almost any shape and size for the construction industry. FRP composites and Construction Parameters.

8. Another, cheaper way of protecting rebars is coating them with calcium sulphate.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: Another, cheaper way of protecting rebars is coating them with zinc phosphate. Zinc phosphate slowly reacts with calcium cations and the hydroxyl anions present in the cement pore water and forms a stable hydroxyapatite layer.