Civil Engineering Drawing Multiple Choice Questions on “Earthwork, Concrete and R.C.C. work”.
1. _______________ are engineering works created through the processing of parts of the earth’s surface involving quantities of soil or unformed rock.
a) Surfacework
b) Landwork
c) Earthworks
d) Hosework
Answer: c
Clarification: Typical earthworks include roads, railway beds, causeways, dams, levees, canals, and berms. Other common earthworks are land grading to reconfigure the topography of a site, or to stabilize slopes.
2. An ___________________ beam is one in which the tension capacity of the tensile reinforcement is smaller than the combined compression capacity of the concrete and the compression steel (under-reinforced at tensile face).
a) extra-reinforced
b) less-reinforced
c) under-reinforced
d) over-reinforced
Answer: c
Clarification: When the reinforced concrete element is subject to increasing bending moment, the tension steel yields while the concrete does not reach its ultimate failure condition. As the tension steel yields and stretches, an “under-reinforced” concrete also yields in a ductile manner, exhibiting a large deformation and warning before its ultimate failure. In this case the yield stress of the steel governs the design.
3. When aggregate is mixed together with dry Portland cement and water, the mixture forms a fluid _________ that is easily poured and moulded into shape.
a) curry
b) furry
c) slurry
d) gel
Answer: c
Clarification: A slurry is a thin sloppy mud or cement or, in extended use, any fluid mixture of a pulverized solid with a liquid (usually water), often used as a convenient way of handling solids in bulk. Slurries behave in some ways like thick fluids, flowing under gravity and are also capable of being pumped if not too thick.
4. Excavation may be classified by type of material- Earth excavation ________ excavation, rock excavation, muck excavation, unclassified excavation.
a) bottom soil
b) sub-soil
c) topsoil
d) surface soil
Answer: c
Clarification: Topsoil is the upper, outermost layer of soil, usually the top 2 inches (5.1 cm) to 8 inches (20 cm). It has the highest concentration of organic matter and microorganisms and is where most of the Earth’s biological soil activity occurs. Four elements constitute the composition of soil. Those elements are mineral particles, organic matter, water, and air. The volume of top soil consists of 50 to 80% of these particles which form the skeletal structure of most soils.
5. Heavy construction equipment is usually used due to the amounts of material to be moved – up to millions of cubic metres.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Earthwork construction was revolutionized by the development of the (Fresno) scraper and other earth-moving machines such as the loader, the dump truck, the grader, the bulldozer, the backhoe, and the dragline excavator.
6. In the past, earthwork excavating calculations were done by hand using a slide rule and with methods such as Simpson’s rule.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: In numerical analysis, Simpson’s rule is a method for numerical integration, the numerical approximation of definite integrals. The slide rule, also known colloquially in the United States as a slipstick, is a mechanical analog computer. The slide rule is used primarily for multiplication and division, and also for functions such as exponents, roots, logarithms and trigonometry, but typically not for addition or subtraction.
7. A mixture of bentonite and water used to make slurry walls.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Bentonite is an absorbent aluminium phyllosilicate clay consisting mostly of montmorillonite. It was named by Wilbur C. Knight in 1898 after the Cretaceous Benton Shale near Rock River, Wyoming.
8. Manure slurry, a mixture of animal waste, organic matter, and sometimes water often known simply as “slurry” in agricultural use, used as fertilizer after ageing in a slurry pit.
a) True
b) False