[Chemistry Class Notes] on Aliphatic Compound Pdf for Exam

has explained an aliphatic compound that contains hydrogen and carbon joined collectively in the straight chains. These chains are non-aromatic and branched trains in the rings. These compounds find their usage in corrosion inhibitors. 

The aliphatic compounds are the hydrocarbons compounds of alkyne, alkane, an alkene in the form of fatty acids, and different other related compounds. The compounds that own rings are known as aromatic compounds. So, aliphatic compounds are just the opposite of aromatic compounds. 

If we talk about the industrial applications of alicyclic and aliphatic, these may include chemical intermediates, solvents, metal-cleaning agents, and fire-extinguisher compounds. Aliphatic compounds are also famous as non-aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons.

Aliphatic compounds are usually found in rubber, dyes, dry cleaning, plastics, varnish, paints, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and more. Specific aliphatic compounds are also found in resins and paraffin products. These are also used as fumigants, intermediates, and insecticides. These compounds are used in two different ways such as unsaturated and saturated. Saturated compounds always remain joined by single bonds while unsaturated compounds are joined by triple and double bonds.  

This is a simple overview of the aliphatic compound provided by the experts. This gist has been provided in order to make the students familiar with the concept. Once they are able to gain familiarity, they can learn a good definition and proceed with other sections. Then, they go to the structure part and learn how the aliphatic compound is structured. After this, they are able to learn tests based on this compound.

 

Don’t worry regarding the language ease as takes care of it and uses only comprehensive language so that students are able to go on the learning journey with a smiling face. So, let’s start with aliphatic compound chapter in detail:  

What is Aliphatic Hydrocarbon?

Aliphatic Hydrocarbon Meaning – Aliphatic usually implies an aliphatic compound, meaning an organic compound in which the atoms are bound by single, double, or triple bonds to form nonaromatic structures. The alkenes, alkynes, and alkanes, as well as the substances extracted from them – directly or in theory – by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with atoms from other groups of atoms or elements, make up the main structural groups of organic molecules known as aliphatic compounds. In this way, we can give the aliphatic compounds meaning.

Structure- Aliphatic compounds can be either saturated (alkanes) or unsaturated (alkenes) with single or double bonds (alkenes) or triple bonds (alkenes) (alkynes). Other elements, in addition to hydrogen, can be bound to the carbon chain, the most common of which are oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, and chlorine. Whereas, aliphatic carbon (hydrocarbon) is an organic chemical.

The least complex of all aliphatic compounds is methane [CH_{4}].

Tests to Identify Aromatic and Aliphatic Compounds

• Ultraviolet radiation is blocked by aromatic compounds. The majority of aliphatic compounds do not absorb UV radiation, but those with three or more conjugated double bonds do.

• Assuming that the aromatic ring contains an H atom, which is attached to it, we can find the resonance of proton NMR around 7 ppm. Aliphatic compounds will not have a peak in that specific area.

• Also, there are some differences in the IR spectrum as well.

• The elemental analysis will also give a clue, as:

A benzene ring = 4 unsaturation degrees = eight “missing” hydrogen atoms, which are relative to a saturated compound.

However, there are some other ways to get 4 degrees of unsaturation (for example, two triple bonds).

This is a crucial section from a scoring point of view and once you are versed with the testing method, then your whole answer will be correct. Associated with practical sessions, assists students to follow all the steps so that they are guided at each step or not to be left with any step. This is just like a mathematical equation that has to be resolved and attempted accurately. Remember either you will get full marks or no marks for a wrong attempt. Therefore, stay careful and keep your preparation strong enough to stay confident as well as stay correct. 

Difference between Aromatic and Aliphatic Compounds

The difference between aliphatic and aromatic compounds is also crucial just like the test steps. The reason behind it is that you can get a detailed question regarding the difference or you can get some short notes to write. Suppose you have short notes on both the terms then you can just expect to earn maximum marks as correct short notes are always considered scoring rather than a lengthy question. Plus, you should not forget to keep examples of both of these handy in your mind as examples always lead to impress the examiner. Stick to ’s study material and see the difference in your preparation. 

Steps to Determine the More Reactive Compound

The chemical reactivity of the substance is based upon its thermodynamic stability. All the chemical reactions involve existing bonds breaking and making new ones, mostly by the release of excess energy in the heat form. It is also said that the greater the thermodynamic stability of the substance, the lower will be the tendency of it to undergo a chemical change.

An important thermodynamic parameter to define the stability is its standard enthalpy of formation. Let us discuss comparing the standard enthalpy of formation (in kJ/mol) of the hydrogen halides:

HCl -92.3

HF -273.3

HI +26.5

HBr -36.3

The more negative the formation enthalpy, the greater will be the stability of the compound formed. Also, the lower will be its tendency to react
in a given specific environment.

The regular reactive nature of the hydrogen halides will be increased in the order HF < HCl < HBr < HI, and their respective thermodynamic stability will be decreased in the order HF > HCl > HBr > HI.

Most Reactive Metal

Lithium is given as the most reactive metal. But, it is a generalization simply because we have to specify the one it is going to react with. There are several reactive metals such as Sodium, Lithium, Aluminum, Cesium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, and others. The ones such as Aluminum might appear quite nonreactive at first, but if it is finely powdered and the surface oxide coating is removed, then it will be as in the reactive mode. 

If we think about the energy released in a Thermite reaction, it is enough to melt and weld together two large volumes of railway tracks, or the solid rocket boosters, which are used to boost the vehicles into orbit, or in the military flash-bang, there is plenty of power in Aluminum. Again, the soft metals such as potassium and sodium literally explode if thrown into the water or any other similar liquid, and a piece, which is the size of a tennis ball, is thrown into a lake; it gives us one hell of a scare.

Then, let us discuss what do we mean by reactive? What about the two pieces of Plutonium 239 or Uranium 235? Bring together two pieces of a certain weight, and we will no longer be around. Those particular smaller pieces are emitting trillions and trillions of the fast-moving Neutrons, which are why those pieces are a little warm in our hands, and if we have enough of the stuff at one place, then those particular neutrons contain a nasty habit of building up more and more neutrons by the process of colliding with the atoms, releasing even MORE of them, in a cumulative runaway process of cascading, a chain reaction, which spreads in less than a microsecond, bombarding those atoms, so, they split into the smaller parts, and releases energy in that process.

So, that is the other form of reactivity, but not the chemical reactivity, which is simply the atom’s electrons, but nuclear reactivity, which is the protons, neutrons, and nucleus. This is where the huge majority of all the energy of matter is found. So we can see that it entirely depends on what we mean by saying reactive and in what way the reactive is? And with what reaction? and more.

Conclusion

How was the matter shared by the tutors? This is superbly simple and easy to grasp and you must have got complete guidance from the teaching staff of to keep your preparation strong for the real examination. Now, you have the best material with you, it is up to you how you are going to follow the best study routine. Either you can go along stepwise with or you can also map out your own plan according to your flexibility. Ensure that you learn and revise regularly without a miss.