[Chemistry Class Notes] on Magnesium Carbonate Formula Pdf for Exam

Magnesium carbonate can be defined as magnesium salt. The parent compound of the magnesium salt that is magnesium carbonate is made up of magnesium and carbonic acid. The magnesium carbonate formula can be written as MgCO3. The formula of magnesium carbonate represents the bond between magnesium and carbonate. It has several hydrated forms such as trihydrate and tetrahydrates, these hydrated forms are commercially very important. The physical appearance of the magnesium carbonate can be described as white or whitish-brown coloured powder. They are naturally found in nature in the form of magnesite. The chemical formula of magnesite can be represented as MgCO3 same as the magnesium carbonate formula.

The Formula of Magnesium Carbonate

The chemical formula of magnesium carbonate can be represented as MgCO3. The formula of magnesium carbonate can also be alternatively represented as CMgO3. The chemical formula represents the chemical bond between the atoms, magnesium chloride is a salt of magnesium and carbonic acid. The magnesium carbonate is obtained from the mineral forms known as magnesite and dolomite. Dolomite is the magnesium ore from which magnesium carbonate is extracted. The chemical formula of magnesium ore, dolomite can be represented as MgCO3·CaCO3. As shown in the chemical formula magnesium carbonate is conjugated with calcium carbonate. The structural formula of magnesium carbonate is represented as the following.

Preparation of Magnesium Carbonate

As represented by the chemical formula of magnesium carbonate, the compound can be defined as salt. In nature magnesium carbonates are extracted from the ore reservoirs are mainly located in China. The commercial preparation of magnesium carbonate can be obtained reaction between any soluble magnesium salt and sodium bicarbonate. There are also some different methods for commercial; production of magnesium carbonate they are listed below.

1. Preparation of magnesium carbonate by reaction between magnesium salt and sodium bicarbonate. The chemical reaction can be written as follows

Magnesium chloride + sodium bicarbonate  → magnesium carbonate + sodium chloride + water + carbon dioxide 

MgCl2(aq) + 2NaHCO3(aq) →MgCO3(s) + 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

2. Preparation of magnesium chloride by reaction between magnesium chloride or magnesium sulfate and sodium carbonate leads to the formation of a hydrated form of magnesium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide. The magnesium carbonate is extracted by precipitation. The magnesium hydroxide can undergo further reaction to extract the pure grade magnesium carbonate. The industry that requires the highest purity grade magnesium carbonate uses magnesium hydroxide to produce the final product.

5MgCl2(aq) + 5Na2CO3₍aq) + 5H2O(l) → Mg(OH)2·3MgCO3·3H2O(s) + Mg(HCO3)2(aq) + 10NaCl(aq)

The magnesium hydroxide is then treated to produce magnesium carbonate

Mg(HCO3)2 → MgCO3+ CO2 + H2O

Chemical Properties of Magnesium Carbonate

The chemical properties define the chemical reaction of the compound. The chemical properties include properties like the molar mass of magnesium carbonate, the formula for magnesium carbonate, the complexity of the compound, the hydrogen bond acceptor, and the salt of the compound.

1. The molar mass of magnesium carbonate is calculated as 84.3139 g/mol

2. The formula for magnesium carbonate is represented by the MgCO3

3. The hydrogen bond acceptor count of the compound is 3

4. The complexity of the compound is 18.8

5. The commonly found are hydrates of salt, trihydrate, and tetrahydrate are commercially important

6. They have a trigonal crystal structure.

Physical Properties of Magnesium Carbonate

The physical properties of the compound include features like ore it is extracted from, solubility, thermal coefficient, melting point, boiling point, density, and vapour pressure.

1. The physical appearance of the compound can be described as a white powdery substance

2. They are odourless

3. The density of the compound is calculated as 2.958 g/cm³ (anhydrous), 2.825 g/cm³ (dihydrate), 1.837 g/cm³ (trihydrate), 1.73 g/cm³ (pentahydrate)

4. The ore from which is extracted is known as magnesite the formula of magnesite is the same as magnesium carbonate.

5. They are stable even in the contact with air

6. The melting point of magnesium carbonate is calculated as 50 °C  for (anhydrous) and 165 °C (trihydrate)

7. They are insoluble in both water and ethanol.

8. The formula for magnesium carbonate is MgCO3

Uses of Magnesium Carbonate

There are various uses of magnesium carbonate some of them are listed as follows.

1. They are used in lubricants and lubricant additives

2. They are used as paint additives

3. They are used in the food industry as a drying agent, colour retention agent, anticaking agent, and a carrier

4. They are used in the production pure grade magnesium oxide

5. < p role="presentation">They are also used in the cosmetic industry

6. They are also used as food additives

7. They are used for whitening skulls in taxidermy.

Conclusion

The magnesium carbonate is a salt of magnesium and carbonic acid. The compound is generally found in the ores of dolomite and magnesite. These ore fields are mainly located in China. They are white-brown in colour, it is generally used in their hydrated form. The hydrated form is commercially important. They are insoluble in nature. The formula for magnesium carbonate isMgCO3. The molar mass of magnesium carbonate is calculated to be 84.3139 g/mol. They are used in various industries, for example, the food industry, cosmetic industry, paint additive, the compound are used in the production of pure magnesium oxide.