[Chemistry Class Notes] Mohr’s Salt Pdf for Exam

In this article, we will learn about Mohr’s Salt. It is also known as ammonium iron sulfate. It is an inorganic compound. We can also call its formula the ferrous ammonium sulfate formula. The chemical formula of Mohr salt is (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2(H2O)6. This compound contains two main cations, named ammonium cation and ferrous cation. They are represented as Fe2+ and NH4+. Hence, Mohr salt can be determined as a double salt-containing ferrous ammonium sulfate and ferrous sulfate.

What is Mohr’s Salt?

Mohr’s Salt, also known as ammonium iron (II) sulfate, is an inorganic compound having the chemical formula or the mohr salt formula or the ferrous ammonium sulfate formula as (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2(H2O)6. This compound is well-known to contain two primary cations, namely the ferrous cation (denoted by Fe2+) and ammonium cation (denoted by NH4+). Thus, Mohr’s Salt can be categorized as a double salt of ferrous sulfate and ferrous ammonium sulfate. It is also important to note that Mohr’s Salt is a common laboratory reagent since it readily undergoes crystallization and the crystals formed by it are quite resistant to oxidation in the presence of air.

It can also be noted that Mohr’s Salt is named after the German scientist named “Karl Friedrich Mohr.” When dissolved in water, Mohr’s Salt (like most of the other salts of ferrous sulfate) dissolves to yield an aquo complex having the chemical formula or the mohr salt formula or the ferrous ammonium sulfate formula as Fe(H₂O)₆²⁺ 

This is also called the chemical formula of Mohr Salt. Also, it is to note that this aquo complex has an octahedral molecular geometry and commonly, the mineral form of Mohr’s Salt is referred to as mohrite.

Structure of Mohr’s Salt

Let us look at the structure of Mohr’s Salt.

Mohr’s Salt is known to belong to the family of double sulfates, which are collectively known as Tutton’s salts (or as Schonites in some cases). All members of this family (including the Mohr’s Salt) are known to form crystals with a monoclinic geometry. The bonding patterns present in the molecular structure of the Mohr’s Salt feature octahedral centers are made up of Fe(H₂O)₆²⁺ centers. Moreover, these centers are known to form hydrogen bonds with sulfate and ferrous ammonium sulfate ions.

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How is Mohr Salt Prepared?

Commonly, the planning of the Mohr’s Salt includes the dissolution of hydrated ferrous sulfate (blended in an equimolar proportion) and ferrous ammonium sulfate in water, which contains a modest quantity of sulfuric acid. After that, the resultant solution goes through a crystallization interaction to deliver radiant green Mohr’s Salt crystals. Additionally, it may very well be noticed that the Salt goes through ionization to deliver the whole cations and anions present in it when it is warmed.

Normal debasements, which might be available in Mohr’s Salt, are given as magnesium, nickel, lead, zinc, and manganese. Most of these debasements are known to shape isomorphous salts. Typically, weak sulphuric acid is included in the request to forestall the hydrolysis of the ferrous sulfate compound. By and large, while dissolving the salt blend in water, unnecessary warming is kept away.

This is finished to forestall the transformation of Fe²⁺ particles (which are light green in shading) to Fe³⁺ particles (which are normally yellow in shading). On the off chance that in the event that a yellow-shaded solution is gotten, the interaction ought to be rehashed. While, assuming the crystals don’t separate on cooling, a few crystals of the Mohr’s Salt can be added to the moving solution to advance the crystal development. By and large, this is alluded to as “seeding”

Mohr Salt: Properties

Mohr salt is also considered to have certain properties. The properties discuss the texture, solubility, weight, and other characteristics of the salt. All the basic and important properties of Mohr’s Salt are given below:

• Mohr’s Salt density is 1.86 grams per cubic meter.

• The color of Mohr salt is bluish-green.

• Mohr salt solubility in water is approximately 269 grams per liter.

• Mohr salt’s molar mass is 284.05 grams per mole.

Double Salt

As we all know, salts usually differ. The orientation and size of the crystal structure can impact the transparency or opacity, flavor, texture, properties and color of the Salt.

Double Salt is defined as the mixture of two various simple crystalline salts. By different here, it means that every Salt in the mixture has its own and unique crystal structure. Therefore, the property of the double Salt is changed from the properties of every Salt in the mixture.

A few examples of double salts are given as Tutton’s Salts that are used for chemical analysis and in the understanding of light dispersion in chemicals. Further, Alum is also a double salt, which is popular for a wide range of uses, where a few of them include:

• Fire resistance for fabrics, cloths and wood

• Culinary – as a preservative in pickles

• Medicine that contains drying properties and can treat such things as the canker sores

• Fire extinguishers, which are helpful to either chemical or oil fires

Some Alternatives of Salt

Moderate amounts of Salt are not bad for humans. Sodium is an essential nutrient for the human body and fewer amounts help to maintain a good balance of both minerals and water.

Still, it is much better if you avoid the iodized table salt that is highly refined and most commonly used in fast-foods, stripped from most of the nutrient content.

You can use the 7 alternatives to table Salt, which are given below:

1.  Sea Salt

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Sea salt is defined as the term salt produced by evaporating water from an ocean. It is one of the oldest methods of conciliating Salt.

Taste Profile: Flavor is stronger than table salt, so use it less to create a similar taste profile in the dishes. It holds a brighter and cleaner favor than table salt as it does not contain bitter iodine and it tastes great with steaks.

Benefits of Sea Salt: Because generally, less is more when it comes to sea salt, it delivers less sodium level than the common table salt. Sea salt can be unprocessed and delivers a plethora of minerals from the location where it was harvested.

2. Himalayan Salt

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Himalayan Salt arrives from the world’s oldest salt mine, which is located in Pakistan (the great Salt Range). The pink color of Himalayan Salt is defined to come from the remains of sea life, which existed in an evaporated ocean.

Taste Profile: It holds a more subtle taste when compared to sea salt. It tastes great with delicate dishes with fish, poultry and vegetables.

Benefits of Himalayan Salt: It has around 84 different minerals, including iron, sodium, phosphorus and magnesium. It does not contain iodine that is difficult to digest.

3. Indian Black Salt (Kala Namak)

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It looks like a rock salt made out of South Asian condiments. The magical black color comes from the iron sulfide.

Taste Profile: Black Salt contains a savory taste which is the same as an egg yolk. It mixes well with chutneys, yogurts and cooling drinks.

Benefits of Black Salt: It has 3% of iron and is used for anemia treatments. Studies have linked daily consumption of Black Salt with constipation reduction.

4. Coconut Aminos

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Coconut aminos is a condiment that is similar to soya sauce. It is made out of the coconut blossom by tapping the unopened flowers and fermenting them with a bit of added Salt.

Taste Profile: dark, sweet and salty. It has umami qualities. Used in fish marinades and sauces, it goes well with Japanese cuisine.

Benefits of Coconut Aminos: It is packed with 17 different amino acids, potassium vitamins – C & B.

5. Tamari

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Tamari is the other soya sauce substitute. It can be pressed from the liquid which is drained from the fermented soybeans. Tamari has much fewer ingredients compared to the soya sauce (it does not contain wheat) and it is a less processed condiment.

Taste Profile: Tamari contains a much richer and less salty flavor compared to the soya sauce. It is packed with umami and is used to add ‘meatiness’ to all the vegetarian dishes. It tastes great in stir-fries, marinades and Asian sauces and on its own as a dipping sauce.

Benefits of Tamari: It contains different vitamins – B₂, B₃, B₆, and minerals as well: Phosphorus, iron and manganese. Due to the content of nutrients also present in the fermented foods (oligosaccharides and peptides), it helps for good digestion.

6. Nutritional Yeast

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It is prepared with ‘Saccharomyces cerevisiae’ baking yeast. The nutritional yeast is deactivated by the heating and drying process, followed by it.

Taste Profile: It has a cheesy, nutty and salty/umami flavor, which is similar to Parmesan cheese.

Benefits of Nutritional Yeast: It is a good vitamin source with vitamins – B₁, B₂, B₃, zinc and potassium. Mostly the nutritional yeast is additionally fortified with folate and vitamin B12.

7. Kelp

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Kelp is given as a large and brown type of seaweed, which grows in shallow, salty seawater across the world.

Taste Profile: It contains a natural sea-salty, umami and savory flavor. It could also be used as a meat substitute. It is great in Asian cuisine, which is added to soups and blended into smoothies.

Benefits of Kelp: A natural source of iodine, Vitamin A (eye vitamin) and Vitamin K₁, magnesium, folate, calcium and iron. Kelp has been linked to several health benefits due to its weight-loss, disease-fighting and anemia-preventing properties.

Complex Salt

• The simple Salt, which it is formed from, may or may not be in equimolar proportions.

• It exists in the solid-state and in an aqueous solution as well. This is due to the reason, even in the solution, the complex ion does not dissociate into the ions.

• A coordination compound will retain its identity in the aqueous solution.

• It may or may not be ionic. However, the complex part always contains coordinate bonds.

• In a coordination compound, the metal ion satisfies its two types of valencies, which are the primary and secondary valencies.

• For example, here, the k₂NiCl₄ the complex is always enclosed in square brackets.

Applications of Mohr’s Salt

In the field of analytical chemistry, Mohr’s Salt is defined as one of the most preferred compounds, which acts as a source of Fe2+ ions (or as ferrous ions). The advantage of using Mohr’s Salt as a source of ferrous ions is that it contains a relatively long shelf life and is also resistant to oxidation due to atmospheric exposure.

The oxidation of this compound is well-known to take place relatively quickly when the pH of the environment is high (the medium is somewhat basic). And, it is most important to note that, usually, the solutions of the Mohr’s Salt are slightly acidic, where it can be explained by the presence of ammonium cations in them. Also, It can be noted that sulfuric acid can be added to Mohr’s Salt’s solutions in order to prevent the oxidation of the ferrous ion to the ferric ion. The other important application of Mohr’s Salt in Fricke’s dosimeter is, it helps to measure high doses of gamma radiation.