[Geography Notes] on Size and Location of India Pdf for Exam

India is the ancient civilization in the world. It has displayed remarkable progress in many fields such as agriculture, technology, economic development, and industry and has contributed forward in the making of world history. 

India is located in the Northern hemisphere. By land area, it is the seventh-largest country and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean, The Arabian Sea, and the Bay Of Bengal. It shares its land borders with Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar. The following points will discuss more about its location:

1. The land extends between latitude 8°4’N and 37°6’N and longitudes 68°7’E and 97°25’E.

2. The Tropic Of Cancer divides India into two equal parts.

Size of India

It is the seventh-largest country in the world covering a total area of 3,287,263 square kilometres. It has a land frontier of 15200 km and a coastline that covers 7516.6 km. The following points discuss more about the landmark.

1. India is covered by mountains in the northwest, north, and northeast.

2. The landmark begins to taper and extends towards the Indian Ocean, dividing into two seas. The Arabian Sea on the west and the Bay Of Bengal on the east.

3. Time along the Standard Meridian of India is taken as the standard time zone of India. 

4. The Standard Meridian passes through Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh (82°30’E)

India and the World

The Indian landmark is centrally located between west and east Asia. The countries in the west and east are connected through trans-Indian routes. India enjoys its contacts with the world via land routes more than maritime contacts and is the only nation that has an ocean named after it ( Indian Ocean )

India has contributed a lot to the world in the forms of philosophies and mathematics. Philosophies include Upanishads, Panchtantra, and Ramayana Mahabharat. Mathematics contributions include Indian numerals and decimal systems.

Due to various contributions to the outside territory, India’s architecture was influenced by Greek sculpture and architectural styles of West India.

India’s Neighbours

India occupies an important position in South Asia and has 29 States and 7 Union Territories. Its boundaries are shared with Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bhutan, Myanmar, Bangladesh, and China. The southern neighbours across the sea consist of two island countries, namely the Maldives and Sri Lanka. 

Sri Lanka and India are separated by Pak Strait, a narrow strip of sea. India stands apart from the rest of Asia and always has had strong geographical and historical links with its neighbours.

Climate 

India hosts 6 major climatic conditions ranging from the arid desert, glaciers, humid tropicals, and alpine tundra. The Himalayas act as a barrier from Central Asia. Due to this northern India is kept warm or mildly cool during winters. In summers, it is relatively hot. The Tropic Of Cancer – the boundary between tropics and subtropics passes through the middle of India and the whole country is considered to be tropical. It governs a tropical rainy climate in some regions with persistent warm or high temperatures. Also here a tropical wet and dry climate is more common.

Summers last between March and June. The rain-bearing monsoon clouds are attracted to the low-pressure system. The southwest monsoon diverges into two parts, the Bay Of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. Winters in the peninsula experience mild to warm days and cool nights. Temperatures in some parts fall below freezing. Most of the northern part of India is plagued by fog during the season. The highest temperature being recorded in India is 51 degrees in Phalodi ( Rajasthan ) Celcius and the lowest temperature being recorded is -60 degrees Celcius in Dras ( Jammu and Kashmir )