300+ Software Testing FAQs and Answers [Experienced / Freshers]

Software Testing Interview Questions with Answers

Question: 1. What Is The Main Benefit Of Designing Tests Early In The Life Cycle?

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Answer:

It allows save you defects from being delivered into the code.

Question: 2. What Is Risk-based Testing?

Answer:

Risk-based Testing is the time period used for an approach to growing a test method that is based totally on prioritizing exams by using danger. The basis of the method is a detailed threat evaluation and prioritizing of dangers via danger degree. Tests to cope with every threat are then designated, beginning with the highest danger first.

Testing Tools Interview Questions
Question 3. A Wholesaler Sells Printer Cartridges. The Minimum Order Quantity Is five. There Is A 20% Discount For Orders Of 100 Or More Printer Cartridges. You Have Been Asked To Prepare Test Cases Using Various Values For The Number Of Printer Cartridges Ordered. Which Of The Following Groups Contain Three Test Inputs That Would Be Generated Using Boundary Value Analysis?

Answer:

4, 5, 99

Question: 4. What Is The Key Difference Between Preventative And Reactive Approaches To Testing?

Answer:

Preventative exams are designed early; reactive assessments are designed after the software program has been produced.

Testing Tools Tutorial
Question 5. What Is The Purpose Of Exit Criteria?

Answer:

The cause of exit standards is to outline whilst a check degree is completed.

QTP Interview Questions
Question 6. What Determines The Level Of Risk?

Answer:

The likelihood of an damaging occasion and the impact of the event decide the level of chance.

Question: 7. When Is Used Decision Table Testing?

Answer:

Decision desk checking out is used for trying out structures for which the specification takes the form of rules or purpose-effect mixtures. In a selection table the inputs are indexed in a column, with the outputs inside the same column but beneath the inputs. The remainder of the table explores combos of inputs to outline the outputs produced.

QTP Tutorial Manual Testing Interview Questions
Question 8. What Is The Main Objective When Reviewing A Software Deliverable?

Answer:

To become aware of defects in any software program paintings product.

Question: nine. Which Of The Following Defines The Expected Results Of A Test? Test Case Specification Or Test Design Specification.

Answer:

Test case specification defines the predicted results of a test.

Selenium Interview Questions
Question 10. What Is The Benefit Of Test Independence?

Answer:

It avoids writer bias in defining effective tests.

Selenium Tutorial
Question 11. As Part Of Which Test Process Do You Determine The Exit Criteria?

Answer:

The exit standards is determined at the bases of ‘Test Planning’.

Bugzilla Bug Tracking System Interview Questions
Question 12. What Is Beta Testing?

Answer:

Testing accomplished by means of capacity clients at their personal places.

Testing Tools Interview Questions
Question 13. Given The Following Fragment Of Code, How Many Tests Are Required For 100% Decision Coverage?
If Width > Length
Thenbiggest_dimension = Width
If Height > Width
Thenbiggest_dimension = Height
End_if
Elsebiggest_dimension = Length
If Height > Length
Thenbiggest_dimension = Height
End_if
End_if

Answer:

4

Bugzilla Bug Tracking System Tutorial
Question 14. You Have Designed Test Cases To Provide one hundred% Statement And a hundred% Decision Coverage For The Following Fragment Of Code. If Width > Length Then Biggest_dimension = Width Else Biggest_dimension = Length End_if The Following Has Been Added To The Bottom Of The Code Fragment Above. Print “largest Dimension Is ” &biggest_dimensionprint “width: ” & Width Print “length: ” & Length How Many More Test Cases Are Required?

Answer:

None, existing check cases may be used.

Question: 15. Rapid Application Development?

Answer:

Rapid Application Development (RAD) is formally a parallel improvement of features and next integration. Components/features are developed in parallel as if they were mini initiatives, the developments are time-boxed, brought, and then assembled right into a working prototype. This can very quickly provide the client something to see and use and to offer comments concerning the transport and their necessities.

Rapid trade and improvement of the product is feasible the usage of this system. However the product specification will need to be developed for the product sooner or later, and the assignment will need to be placed underneath greater formal controls previous to going into production.

Automation Testing Interview Questions
Question sixteen. What Is The Difference Between Testing Techniques And Testing Tools?

Answer:

Testing technique: Is a technique for making sure that a few aspects of the software gadget or unit capabilities well there may be few strategies but many gear.

Testing Tools: Is a vehicle for appearing a test technique. The tool is a resource to the tester, but itself is inadequate to conduct checking out.

Mantis Bug Tracking Tutorial
Question 17. We Use The Output Of The Requirement Analysis, The Requirement Specification As The Input For Writing…

Answer:

User Acceptance Test Cases.

Selenium IDE Interview Questions
Question 18. Repeated Testing Of An Already Tested Program, After Modification, To Discover Any Defects Introduced Or Uncovered As A Result Of The Changes In The Software Being Tested Or In Another Related Or Unrelated Software Component:

Answer:

Regression Testing

QTP Interview Questions
Question 19. What Is Component Testing?

Answer:

Component testing, also known as unit, module and program testing, searches for defects in, and verifies the functioning of software program (e.G. Modules, programs, gadgets, training, and so forth.) which are one at a time testable. Component testing can be completed in isolation from the rest of the machine depending at the context of the development lifestyles cycle and the machine. Most regularly stubs and drivers are used to update the lacking software and simulate the interface among the software program additives in a easy manner. A stub is called from the software issue to be tested; a driver calls a element to be tested.

Question: 20. What Is Functional System Testing?

Answer:

Testing the stop to give up functionality of the gadget as a whole is defined as a useful system trying out.

Performance Testing Interview Questions
Question 21. What Are The Benefits Of Independent Testing?

Answer:

Independent testers are unbiased and become aware of different defects on the identical time.

Question: 22. In A Reactive Approach To Testing When Would You Expect The Bulk Of The Test Design Work To Be Begun?

Answer:

The bulk of the test design paintings started after the software or gadget has been produced.

Question: 23. What Are The Different Methodologies In Agile Development Model?

Answer:

There are presently seven special agile methodologies that I am aware of:

Extreme Programming (XP)
Scrum
Lean Software Development
Feature-Driven Development
Agile Unified Process
Crystal
Dynamic Systems Development Model (DSDM)
Test Manager Interview Questions
Question 24. Which Activity In The Fundamental Test Process Includes Evaluation Of The Testability Of The Requirements And System?

Answer:

A ‘Test Analysis’ and ‘Design’ includes evaluation of the testability of the necessities and device.

Manual Testing Interview Questions
Question 25. What Is Typically The Most Important Reason To Use Risk To Drive Testing Efforts?

Answer:

Because trying out everything is not possible.

Question: 26. What Is Random/monkey Testing? When It Is Used?

Answer:

Random testing frequently referred to as monkey trying out. In such type of checking out information is generated randomly regularly the usage of a device or computerized mechanism. With this randomly generated enter the device is examined and consequences are analysed for this reason. These testing are much less reliable; hence it’s miles commonly used by the beginners and to see whether the device will hold up underneath damaging outcomes.

Mantis Bug Tracking Interview Questions
Question 27. Which Of The Following Are Valid Objectives For Incident Reports?

Answer:

Provide developers and different parties with feedback approximately the problem to allow identity, isolation and correction as vital.
Provide thoughts for take a look at process improvement.
Provide a vehicle for assessing tester competence.
Provide testers with a means of monitoring the high-quality of the device beneath test.
Selenium Interview Questions
Question 28. Consider The Following Techniques. Which Are Static And Which Are Dynamic Techniques?

Answer:

Equivalence Partitioning.
Use Case Testing.
Data Flow Analysis.
Exploratory Testing.
Decision Testing.
Inspections.
Data Flow Analysis and Inspections are static; Equivalence Partitioning, Use Case Testing, Exploratory Testing and Decision Testing are dynamic.

Question: 29. Why Are Static Testing And Dynamic Testing Described As Complementary?

Answer:

Because they percentage the aim of figuring out defects but range in the styles of illness they discover.

Test Plan Interview Questions
Question 30. What Are The Phases Of A Formal Review?

Answer:

In assessment to casual evaluations, formal critiques follow a formal system. A ordinary formal assessment technique includes six major steps:

Planning
Kick-off
Preparation
Review assembly
Rework
Follow-up.
Question 31. What Is The Role Of Moderator In Review Process?

Answer:

The moderator (or evaluation leader) leads the evaluation method. He or she determines, in co-operation with the author, the sort of evaluate, method and the composition of the review crew. The moderator plays the entry take a look at and the comply with-up at the rework, if you want to manage the best of the input and output of the evaluate process. The moderator also schedules the assembly, disseminates files before the meeting, coaches other crew contributors, paces the assembly, leads feasible discussions and stores the facts this is collected.

Question: 32. What Is An Equivalence Partition (additionally Known As An Equivalence Class)?

Answer:

An input or output tiers of values such that simplest one value inside the variety will become a take a look at case.

Question: 33. When Should Configuration Management Procedures Be Implemented?

Answer:

During test making plans.

Bugzilla Bug Tracking System Interview Questions
Question 34. A Type Of Functional Testing, Which Investigates The Functions Relating To Detection Of Threats, Such As Virus From Malicious Outsiders?

Answer:

Security Testing

Question: 35. Testing Where In We Subject The Target Of The Test , To Varying Workloads To Measure And Evaluate The Performance Behaviours And Ability Of The Target And Of The Test To Continue To Function Properly Under These Different Workloads?

Answer:

Load Testing

Question: 36. Testing Activity Which Is Performed To Expose Defects In The Interfaces And In The Interaction Between Integrated Components Is?

Answer:

Integration Level Testing

Automation Testing Interview Questions
Question 37. What Are The Structure-based (white-field) Testing Techniques?

Answer:

Structure-based checking out techniques (which are additionally dynamic rather than static) use the internal shape of the software to derive test cases. They are commonly referred to as ‘white-field’ or ‘glass-field’ strategies (implying you may see into the gadget) on account that they require expertise of how the software is carried out, this is, the way it works.

For instance; a structural approach may be worried with exercising loops within the software. Different test cases can be derived to exercising the loop as soon as, twice, and many times. This can be performed regardless of the capability of the software program.

Question: 38. When “regression Testing” Should Be Performed?

Answer:

After the software has changed or while the environment has modified Regression trying out ought to be finished.

Question: 39. What Is Negative And Positive Testing?

Answer:

A poor check is whilst you installed an invalid input and gets mistakes. While a high-quality trying out, is while you installed a legitimate input and expect some motion to be completed according with the specification. 

Question: 40. What Is The Purpose Of A Test Completion Criterion?

Answer:

The reason of test crowning glory criterion is to determine while to forestall testing.

Selenium IDE Interview Questions
Question 41. What Can Static Analysis Not Find?

Answer:

For example reminiscence leaks.

Question: forty two. What Is The Difference Between Re-testing And Regression Testing?

Answer:

Re-checking out ensures the authentic fault has been eliminated; regression testing appears for surprising facet effects.

Performance Testing Interview Questions
Question 43. What Are The Experience-based Testing Techniques?

Answer:

In revel in-primarily based techniques, humans’s expertise, skills and background are a top contributor to the check conditions and check instances. The revel in of each technical and commercial enterprise human beings is crucial, as they create one of a kind perspectives to the test evaluation and design procedure. Due to preceding experience with comparable structures, they’ll have insights into what should go wrong, which could be very beneficial for checking out.

Question: forty four. What Type Of Review Requires Formal Entry And Exit Criteria, Including Metrics?

Answer:

Inspection

Question: forty five. Could Reviews Or Inspections Be Considered Part Of Testing?

Answer:

Yes, because each help detect faults and enhance first-class.

Question: forty six. An Input Field Takes The Year Of Birth Between 1900 And 2004 What Are The Boundary Values For Testing This Field?

Answer:

1899,1900,2004,2005

Question: forty seven. To Test A Function, What Has To Write A Programmer, Which Calls The Function To Be Tested And Passes It Test Data.?

Answer:

Driver

Question: forty eight. What Is The One Key Reason Why Developers Have Difficulty Testing Their Own Work?

Answer:

Lack of Objectivity

Question: 49. “how Much Testing Is Enough?”

Answer:

The solution relies upon at the threat on your enterprise, agreement and unique necessities.

Question: 50. When Should Testing Be Stopped?

Answer:

It depends at the risks for the machine being tested. There are some criteria bases on which you can forestall testing.

Deadlines (Testing, Release)
Test finances has been depleted
Bug rate fall beneath certain degree
Test cases completed with certain percentage surpassed
Alpha or beta durations for testing ends
Coverage of code, functionality or necessities are met to a certain point.
Question fifty one. Which Of The Following Is The Main Purpose Of The Integration Strategy For Integration Testing In The Small?

Answer:

The principal reason of the integration strategy is to specify which modules to mix while and what number of without delay.

Question: 52. What Are Semi-random Test Cases?

Answer:

Semi-random take a look at instances are not anything but while we carry out random take a look at cases and do equivalence partitioning to those test cases, it removes redundant take a look at cases, for that reason giving us semi-random test cases.

Question: 53. Given The Following Code, Which Statement Is True About The Minimum Number Of Test Cases Required For Full Statement And Branch Coverage?
Read P
Read Q
If P+q> a hundred
Then Print “massive”

Endif
If P > 50
Then Print “p Large”
Endif

Answer:

1 check for announcement coverage, 2 for department coverage

Question: fifty four. What Is Black Box Testing? What Are The Different Black Box Testing Techniques?

Answer:

Black box testing is the software testing approach that’s used to test the software program without understanding the internal shape of code or application. This checking out is commonly done to check the capability of an utility. The different black field trying out techniques are

Equivalence Partitioning
Boundary fee evaluation
Cause impact graphing
Question fifty five. Which Review Is Normally Used To Evaluate A Product To Determine Its Suitability For Intended Use And To Identify Discrepancies?

Answer:

Technical Review.

Question: fifty six. Why We Use Decision Tables?

Answer:

The techniques of equivalence partitioning and boundary cost analysis are regularly applied to precise conditions or inputs. However, if exceptional combos of inputs bring about specific movements being taken, this will be more hard to show the usage of equivalence partitioning and boundary price analysis, which have a tendency to be more targeted on the person interface. The different  specification-based totally techniques, decision tables and nation transition checking out are greater focused on business logic or business rules. A decision table is a superb way to deal with mixtures of things (e.G. Inputs). This technique is every now and then additionally referred to as a ’cause-effect’ table. The reason for that is that there’s an related logic diagramming method known as ‘motive-impact graphing’ which became from time to time used to assist derive the decision desk

Question: 57. Faults Found Should Be Originally Documented By Whom?

Answer:

By testers.

Question: 58. A Number Of Critical Bugs Are Fixed In Software. All The Bugs Are In One Module, Related To Reports. The Test Manager Decides To Do Regression Testing Only On The Reports Module.?

Answer:

Regression checking out must be achieved on other modules as nicely due to the fact fixing one module might also affect other modules.

Question: 59. Why Does The Boundary Value Analysis Provide Good Test Cases?

Answer:

Because errors are regularly made all through programming of the exclusive instances close to the ‘edges’ of the variety of values.

Question: 60. What Makes An Inspection Different From Other Review Types?

Answer:

It is led through a skilled chief, uses formal access and go out criteria and checklists.

Question: sixty one. Why Can Be Tester Dependent On Configuration Management?

Answer:

Because configuration management assures that we understand the exact model of the testware and the test item.

Question: sixty two. What Is A V-model?

Answer:

A software improvement version that illustrates how trying out activities combine with software development levels.

Question: sixty three. What Is Maintenance Testing?

Answer:

Triggered by way of modifications, migration or retirement of current software.

Question: sixty four. What Is Test Coverage?

Answer:

Test insurance measures in a few precise manner the quantity of checking out completed with the aid of a hard and fast of tests (derived in some different way, e.G. Using specification-primarily based strategies). Wherever we are able to count things and may inform whether or not or now not every of those things has been examined through a few check, then we are able to degree coverage.

Question: sixty five. Why Is Incremental Integration Preferred Over “big Bang” Integration?

Answer:

Because incremental integration has higher early defects screening and isolation capacity.

Question: 66. When Do We Prepare Rtm (requirement Traceability Matrix), Is It Before Test Case Designing Or After Test Case Designing?

Answer:

It might be before check case designing. Requirements ought to already be traceable from Review activities because you have to have traceability within the Test Plan already.

This question also might rely on the business enterprise. If the enterprises do take a look at after improvement commenced then necessities must be already traceable to their source. To make existence less complicated use a tool to manipulate necessities.

Question: 67. What Is Called The Process Starting With The Terminal Modules?

Answer:

Bottom-up integration

Question: 68. During Which Test Activity Could Faults Be Found Most Cost Effectively?

Answer:

During test making plans

Question: sixty nine. The Purpose Of Requirement Phase Is?

Answer:

To freeze necessities, to apprehend user desires, to define the scope of checking out

Question: 70. Why We Split Testing Into Distinct Stages?

Answer:

We split checking out into wonderful levels due to following motives:

Each test stage has a one of a kind cause
It is simpler to control testing in ranges
We can run distinctive take a look at into specific environments
Performance and fine of the testing is progressed using phased trying out.
Question seventy one. What Is Dre?

Answer:

To measure take a look at effectiveness a powerful metric is used to measure take a look at effectiveness known as DRE (Defect Removal Efficiency) From this metric we would realize how many insects we’ve found from the set of check cases.

Formula for calculating DRE is:

DRE=Number of bugs whilst checking out  / range of insects whilst testing + range of insects observed via user

Question: 72. How Would You Estimate The Amount Of Re-trying out Likely To Be Required?

Answer:

Metrics from previous similar tasks and discussions with the improvement team.

Question: 73. What Studies Data Flow Analysis?

Answer:

The use of facts on paths via the code.

Question: seventy four. What Is Alpha Testing?

Answer:

Pre-release testing via stop consumer representatives at the developer’s website online.

Question: seventy five. What Is A Failure?

Answer:

Failure is a departure from precise behaviour.

Question: 76. Who Is Responsible For Document All The Issues, Problems And Open Point That Were Identified During The Review Meeting?

Answer:

Scribe

Question: 77. What Is The Main Purpose Of Informal Review?

Answer:

Inexpensive manner to get a few advantage.

Question: seventy eight. What Is The Purpose Of Test Design Technique?

Answer:

Identifying check situations and Identifying take a look at instances.

Question: seventy nine. When Testing A Grade Calculation System, A Tester Determines That All Scores From 90 To one hundred Will Yield A Grade Of A, But Scores Below ninety Will Not. This Analysis Is Known As:

Answer:

Equivalence partitioning

Question: 80. During The Testing Of A Module Tester ‘x’ Finds A Bug And Assigned It To Developer. But Developer Rejects The Same, Saying That It’s Not A Bug. What ‘x’ Should Do?

Answer:

Send to the special information of the trojan horse encountered and test the reproducibility.

Question: eighty one. A Type Of Integration Testing In Which Software Elements, Hardware Elements, Or Both Are Combined All At Once Into A Component Or An Overall System, Rather Than In Stages.?

Answer:

Big-Bang Testing

Question: eighty two. What Is Boundary Value Testing?

Answer:

Test boundary conditions on, beneath and above the edges of enter and output equivalence classes. For example, permit say a bank software wherein you can withdraw maximum Rs.20,000 and at least Rs.A hundred, so in boundary price testing we test best the exact boundaries, in place of hitting within the center.  That manner we check above the most limit and beneath the minimum limit.

Question: 83. What Is Exploratory Testing?

Answer:

Exploratory trying out is a fingers-on approach wherein testers are involved in minimal making plans and maximum check execution. The making plans includes the advent of a take a look at charter, a short declaration of the scope of a brief (1 to two hour) time-boxed test attempt, the goals and feasible strategies to be used. The take a look at design and test execution activities are performed in parallel commonly without formally documenting the test situations, test cases or check scripts. This does no longer mean that different, extra formal trying out techniques will now not be used.

For example: the tester might also decide to apply boundary cost analysis but will assume via and take a look at the most vital boundary values with out always writing them down. Some notes may be written at some point of the exploratory-testing session, in order that a record may be produced afterwards.

Question: 84. What Is “use Case Testing”?

Answer:

In order to identify and execute the useful requirement of an application from start to complete “use case” is used and the techniques used to do that is referred to as “Use Case Testing”.

Question: 85. What Is The Difference Between Stlc (software Testing Life Cycle) And Sdlc (software program Development Life Cycle) ?

Answer:

SDLC deals with developement/coding of the software while STLC deales with validation and verification of the software program.

Question: 86. What Is Traceability Matrix?

Answer:

The relationship among check cases and necessities is shown with the assist of a report. This file is known as traceability matrix.

Question: 87. What Is Equivalence Partitioning Testing?

Answer:

Equivalence partitioning testing is a software program trying out method which divides the software enter check statistics into each partition at least once of equivalent records from which check cases can be derived.  By this checking out technique it reduces the time required for software program trying out.

Question: 88. What Is White Box Testing And List The Types Of White Box Testing?

Answer:

White field checking out technique involves choice of check cases based totally on an evaluation of the inner shape (Code coverage, branches coverage, paths coverage, circumstance insurance etc.)  of a component or system. It is also called Code-Based checking out or Structural testing.  

Different kinds of white box testing are:

Statement Coverage
Decision Coverage
Question 89. In White Box Testing What Do You Verify?

Answer:

In white field checking out following steps are validated:

Verify the security holes inside the code
Verify the unfinished or broken paths in the code
Verify the glide of structure according to the record specification
Verify the expected outputs
Verify all conditional loops in the code to check the complete capability of the application
Verify the road through line coding and cowl one hundred% checking out
Question 90. What Is The Difference Between Static And Dynamic Testing?

Answer:

Static trying out: During Static checking out method, the code is not executed and it is achieved the usage of the software documentation.

Dynamic trying out:  To perform this trying out the code is required to be in an executable form.

Question: 91. What Is Verification And Validation?

Answer:

Verification is a method of evaluating software program  at development phase and to determine whether the fabricated from a given  utility satisfies the desired necessities. Validation is the manner of comparing software program on the stop of the development method and to test whether it meets the patron necessities.

Question: 92. What Are Different Test Levels?

Answer:

There are 4 check ranges:

Unit/aspect/software/module checking out
Integration checking out
System trying out
Acceptance checking out
Question ninety three. What Is Integration Testing?

Answer:

Integration checking out is a stage of software program testing procedure, wherein man or woman units of an software are mixed and examined. It is typically finished after unit and functional trying out.

Question: 94. What Are The Tables In Testplans?

Answer:

Test design, scope, take a look at techniques , approach are numerous information that Test plan file consists of:

Test case identifier
Scope
Features to be examined
Features now not to be examined
Test strategy & Test technique
Test deliverables
Responsibilities
Staffing and training
Risk and Contingencies
Question 95. What Is The Difference Between Uat (consumer Acceptance Testing) And System Testing?

Answer:

System Testing: System testing is finding defects whilst the gadget under goes testing as an entire, it’s also known as stop to end trying out. In such form of checking out, the software undergoes from beginning till the give up.

UAT: User Acceptance Testing (UAT) includes strolling a product via a chain of precise  exams  which determines whether or not the product will meet the desires of its customers.

Question: ninety six. Mention The Difference Between Data Driven Testing And Retesting?

Answer:

Retesting:  It is a system of checking bugs that are actioned by way of improvement group to affirm that they’re simply constant.

Data Driven Testing (DDT):  In data driven checking out process, software is examined with multiple take a look at records. Application is examined with special set of values.

Question: ninety seven. What Are The Valuable Steps To Resolve Issues While Testing?

Answer:

Record : Log and deal with any issues which has happened.

Report: Report the problems to better degree supervisor.

Control: Define the problem management method.

Question: ninety eight. What Is Mutation Testing?

Answer:

Mutation checking out is a technique to discover if a hard and fast of check data or test case is useful by means of deliberately introducing diverse code modifications (insects) and retesting with original test facts/ instances to decide if the insects are detected.

Question: 99. Explain What Is Test Deliverables?

Answer:

Test Deliverables are set of files, gear and different additives that must be developed and maintained in support of trying out.

There are exceptional check deliverables at every phase of the software improvement lifecycle:

Before Testing
During Testing
After the Testing
Question a hundred. What Is The Function Of Software Testing Tool “phantom”?

Answer:

Phantom is a freeware, and is used for windows GUI automation scripting language.  It lets in to take manipulate of windows and capabilities mechanically.  It can simulate any combination of key strokes and mouse clicks in addition to menus, lists and extra.

Question: one hundred and one. What Is Latent Defect?

Answer:

Latent illness: This illness is an current illness within the system which does not motive any failure as the exact set of conditions has by no means been met.