Biology Multiple Choice Questions on “Transport of Mineral Nutrients”.
1. Mineral ions are exported from older parts to younger parts of plant before leaf fall.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Mineral ions are moved from mature organs to younger organs of plants before senescence. In deciduous plants, elements are removed to other parts before all the leaves fall.
2. Plants obtain hydrogen from _________
a) atmospheric hydrogen
b) water in soil
c) methane from fertilizers
d) H2 from sunlight
Answer: b
Clarification: Plants obtain hydrogen from water in the soil. Hydrogen from sunlight is formed from fusion reactions and is helpful in photosynthesis. Atmospheric hydrogen is inflammable and not helpful for plants. Fertilizers are not preferred as a source for hydrogen as it has many side effects. Water is the best source of hydrogen for plants.
3. Which of the following is not a sink for transfer of mineral elements?
a) Seeds
b) Lateral meristems
c) Leaves
d) Developing fruits
Answer: c
Clarification: As leaves obtain minerals from soil directly, therefore, acts as a source for movement of minerals. Seeds, apical and lateral meristems and developing fruits and flowers act as sink for mineral elements.
4. Nitrogen cannot travel in plants in form of _________
a) atmospheric nitrogen
b) inorganic ions
c) amino acids
d) ammonia
Answer: a
Clarification: Nitrogen cannot travel in plants in form of atmospheric nitrogen. It has to fixed and converted into inorganic ions or organic forms such as amino acids and ammonia.
5. There is no exchange of mineral ions taking place between xylem and phloem.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: There is no clear distinction that xylem only conducts water and minerals, and phloem only conducts organic food. There is exchange of mineral ions in between them during the process of loading and unloading.
6. Element which cannot be remobilized include _______
a) N
b) P
c) K
d) Ca
Answer: d
Clarification: Elements such as N, P and K get readily mobilized from older parts to younger ones before the death of the plant or before new growth appears. Ca, being a part of the structure of the cell wall and middle lamella does not move to the younger parts.
7. Statement A: Minerals are present in the soil in the form of charged particles.
Statement B: Concentration of minerals is lower in root than in soil.
a) Both the statements are true
b) Both the statements are false
c) Statement A is true but Statement B is false
d) Statement B is true but Statement A is false
Answer: c
Clarification: Minerals are present as charged ions in the soil which can be easily transported to the plant in the same form or after conversion to a more stable form. The concentrations of minerals are always more in the root than in the soil. The root extracts the minerals required from the soil with the help of active absorption.
8. Which of the following is a part of structural component?
a) N
b) Ca
c) P
d) K
Answer: b
Clarification: Ca is a part of structural component of the plant as it present in the cell wall, middle lamella and also required for formation of mitotic spindle. N and K are present in metabolically active cells. P is present in cell membranes, proteins, nucleic acids and nucleotides.
9. The control points or transport proteins are present in _______
a) endodermal cells
b) root hairs
c) epidermal cells
d) cells of cortex
Answer: b
Clarification: Control points or transport proteins are present in endodermal cells of the plant system. Root hairs arise from region of maturation of the root system. They help in increasing area for absorption. Epidermal cells and the cortical cells allow both apoplastic and symplastic pathway.
10. Statement A: Most minerals enter the epidermal cells passively.
Statement B: Uptake of water is by the process of diffusion.
a) Both the statements are true
b) Both the statements are false
c) Statement A is true but Statement B is false
d) Statement B is true but Statement A is false
Answer: b
Clarification: Most of the minerals enter the cytoplasm of epidermal cells actively. Few of the minerals in form of ions are transported passively through the epidermal cells. The active uptake of ions and minerals is responsible for establishment of water potential gradient in roots, and therefore for the uptake of water by osmosis.