Unit Processes Multiple Choice Questions on “Kinetics of Ammonolysis”.
1. Factors that affect the equilibrium?
a) Temperature of the system
b) Relative basicity of the amine
c) Solubility of the amine
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d
Clarification: the principal factors affecting the equilibriums are (1) the temperature of the system, (2) the relative basicity of the amine, and (3) the solubility of the amine.
2. Which of the following is an acid inhibitor?
a) Alkylamines
b) Secondary amines
c) Pyridine
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d
Clarification: Acid inhibitors (e.g., alkylamines, secondary amines, and pyridine).
3. What is the method to control the pH of autoclave charge?
a) copper-ammonio hydroxides
b) zinc-ammonio hydroxides
c) Copper-ammonio
d) Copper-Nickel hydroxides
Answer: a
Clarification: There are two other useful methods of controlling the pH of the autoclave charge: the introduction of copper-ammonio hydroxides and the use of buffer salts, such as soap or chIorates, which are attacked and decomposed when the concentration of the hydracid is sufficiently great.
4. What is the nature of amination reaction?
a) Unimolecular
b) Bimolecular
c) Trimolecular
d) Polymolecular
Answer: b
Clarification: The reaction is bimolecular in nature and involves the reaction of one molecule of ammonia with one molecule of the other reactant.
5. What do we denote reaction-rate constant as?
a) C
b) d
c) k
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Clarification: The reaction rate constant is denoted as ‘k’.
6. The reactions of ammonia and organic compounds are effected in which phase?
a) Vapour
b) Liquid
c) Both of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Clarification: Reactions of ammonia and organic compounds are effected in both vapour and liquid phases. The liquid-phase systems include anhydrous liquid ammonia, anhydrous ammonia in an organic diluent, and aqueous ammonia, occasionally in the presence of an organic solvent.
7. What product do we get on ammonolysis of ester?
a) Amine
b) Amide
c) Aniline
d) Azo
Answer: b
Clarification: The ammonolysis of esters produces amide as its only product.
8. Complete the following reaction: R-COO-R’ + NH3 —–> _____ + HOR’.
a) R-CO-R’
b) R-COOH
c) R-C-NH2
d) R-CONH2
Answer: d
Clarification: The reaction is ammonolysis of ester, which is: R-COO-R’ + NH3 —–> R-CONH2 + HOR’.
9. Greater the molecular weight, higher will be the rate of ammonolysis.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: The greater the molecular weight and the more complex the alkyl or aryl group, the lower the rate of ammonolysis.
10. Ethylene glycol is a better catalyst than water in ammonolysis.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Ethylene glycol was found to be a better catalyst than water, which, in turn, was better than methanol, when their respective catalytic activities were compared at equivalent hydroxyl concentrations.
11. In the amine as solvent, the reaction rate is proportional to what?
a) Acid concentration
b) Alkaline concentration
c) Basic concentration
d) Catalytic concentration
Answer: a
Clarification: In the amine as solvent, the reaction rate was proportional to the acid concentration.