Tissue Engineering written test Questions & Answers focuses on “Articular Cartilage Lesions and Repair”.
1. When left untreated, articular cartilage lesions can lead to ___________
A. osteoarthritis
B. heart attack
C. stroke
D. athiritis
Answer: A
Clarification: Articular ligament wounds are usually brought about by games and recreational exercises. At the point when left untreated, articular ligament sores can prompt osteoarthritis.
2. _________ cartilage proves a smooth articular surface and the ability to withstand a good amount of pressure.
A. hyaline
B. linear
C. exponential
D. declining
Answer: A
Clarification: Hyaline cartilage gives a smooth articular surface and the capacity to withstand great measure of weight. It is alymphatic, aneural, avascular loadbearing tissue, made out of chondrocytes inadequately inserted inse an extracellular framework of collagens and proteoglycans.
3. Microfracture is a common procedure in which small holes are made and distributed across the entire articular cartilage lesion site.
A. Microfracture
B. Ultrafracture
C. Tetrafracture
D. Trifracture
Answer: A
Clarification: Microfracture is a typical system where little openings are made and conveyed over the whole articular ligament sore site, at a separation of 3–4 mm separated and down to a profundity of 4 mm, hence yielding around 3–4 gaps for every cm 2.7, 8, 9 It is a negligibly obtrusive arthroscopic approach, which does not require any expensive instrumentation. The microfracture is a marrow incitement procedure that carries the marrow cells to the deformity site to help in fix.
4. Mechanical Forces like motion and appropriate loading of synovial joints are necessary for the proper structure, function and metabolism of the articular hyaline cartilage.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
Answer: A
Clarification: Mechanical Forces like movement and fitting stacking of synovial joints are essential for the best possible structure, capacity, and digestion of the articular hyaline ligament. Various reports have connected that the mechanical pressure is a significant modulator of the local articular ligament metabolic exercises and serves to keep up the ligament homeostasis. Though unreasonable mechanical powers may prompt ligament harm and improvement of osteoarthritis also.
5. _____________ are the most wely used stem cell source for articular cartilage regeneration technique.
A. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)
B. Induced Pluripotent cells
C. Adult stem cells
D. Inner cell mass
Answer: A
Clarification: Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are the most generally utilized stem cells hotspot for the articular ligament recovery procedure. It very well may be effectively gotten from a we assortment of tissues including the bone marrow, muscle, blood, synovium, and synovial liqu.
6. Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI) is a cell-based technique to treat the full-thickness chondral defects in the knee.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
Answer: A
Clarification: Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is a recently new procedure that is being used for treating articular cartilage defects of the knee. The FDA has approved of this procedure for the treatment of defects located at the end of the thigh. ACI has been performed for defects of the knee cap in addition to other joints.
7. Mosaicplasty/Osteochondral Grafting was introduced in the early 1990s.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
Answer: A
Clarification: Mosaicplasty/Osteochondral Grafting was presented in the m-1990s. Here the osteochondral attachments are taken by a barrel shaped cutting gadget from sound cartilaginous region as tube shaped formed fittings, and afterward embedded into an articular ligament deformity.
8. Articular cartilage lesions, when left untreated, forms ____________
A. fibrocartilage
B. vascular cartilage
C. conductive cartilage
D. elastic cartilage
Answer: A
Clarification: Articular cartilage injuries, when left untreated, structures fibrocartilage, prompting the all-around early beginning of degenerative osteoarthritis. The poor natural regenerative limit of articular cartilage requests the significance of a powerful treatment technique for cartilage fix to maintain a strategic distance from this difficulty.
9. Cartilage defects are classified into two types according to the depth of the lesion into partial (chondral) or full thickness (osteochondral).
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
Answer: B
Clarification: Harmed articular cartilage has a poor limit with respect to self-fix. Oneself fix relies upon the size, profundity and area of the deformity, ase from the age of the patient. Cartilage imperfections are grouped into two kinds as indicated by the profundity of the injury into halfway (chondral) or full-thickness (osteochondral).
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