250+ TOP MCQs on Basic Energy Concepts and Answers

Bioprocess Engineering Multiple Choice Questions on “Basic Energy Concepts”.

1. High energy input for downstream processing is maximized.
A. True
B. False

Answer: B
Explanation: Energy input for downstream processing is minimised to avoid damaging heat-labile products. Nevertheless, energy effects are important because biological catalysts are very sensitive to heat and changes in temperature. In large-scale processes, heat released during reaction can cause cell death or denaturation of enzymes if it is not quickly removed.

2. Which of the following is not an intensive property?
A. Temperature
B. Density
C. Mass
D. Mole fraction

Answer: C
Explanation: Temperature, density, and mole fraction are examples of properties which are independent of the size of the system; these quantities are called intensive variables. On the other hand, mass, volume and energy are extensive variables which change if mass is added to or removed from the system.

3. How much heat is produced by a human body?
A. 200 W
B. 100 W
C. 50 W
D. 0.5 W

Answer: B
Explanation: A man doing no or very little physical work needs about 2,000 kcal (or less) of energy in his daily food. The body converts this energy almost entirely into heat.
1 day = 24 x 60 x 60 s = 86,400 s 1 cal = 4.2 J
Hence, 2000 kcal/day = 2000 × 4.2 kj/day = (frac{8.4 ,Mj}{86600s})
= 100 j/s = 100 W
We see that a human body doing no work is equivalent to a heat source of about 100 W – the equivalent of a good bulb.

4. 1 watt is equal to how much horsepower (hp) unit?
A. 0.001341 hp
B. 0.001241 hp
C. 0.001141 hp
D. 0.001151 hp

Answer: A
Explanation: 1 watt = 1 W = 1 J/1 s = 10^-3 kW = 10^-6 MW
= 3.412 BTU/h
= 0.001341 hp (horsepower units).

5. An automobile has a horsepower rating (power) of 100 hp. Calculate its power in watts.
A. 75.5 kW
B. 74.5 kW
C. 75.4 kW
D. 74.4 kW

6. Given the following information about a system, calculate specific enthalpy (in Btu/lbm).

A. 629.6 btu/lbm
B. 639.6 btu/lbm
C. 660.9 btu/lbm
D. 640.9 btu/lbm

Answer: A
Explanation: h = u + Pv
h = (600 frac{Btu}{lbm} + (100 frac{lbf}{in^2}) (1.6 frac{ft^3}{lbm}) (144 frac{in^2}{ft^2}) (frac{Btu}{778 ,ft-lbf})) = 629.6 btu/lbm.

7. At what rate per hour does a 1 kW heater convert electrical energy into heat?
A. 3.5 MJ
B. 2.5 MJ
C. 3.6 MJ
D. 2.6 MJ

Answer: C
Explanation: Energy = power x time
1 kW is 1,000 watts
Since 1 watt is 1 joule per sec
1,000 watts is 1,000 joules per sec
In one hour there are 3,600 seconds
Substituting in the equation energy = 1,000 x 3,600 joules
= 3,600,000 joules
= 3.6 MJ
Therefore a 1 kW heater converts 3.6 MJ of electrical energy into heat per hour.

8. Water flows between two points 1, 2. The volumetric flow rate is 20 litres/min. Point 2 is 50 m higher than point 1. The pipe internal diameters are 0.5 cm at point 1 and 1 cm at point 2. The pressure at point 2 is 1 atm. Calculate the pressure at point 1.
A. 4.6 bar
B. 5.6 bar
C. 4.1 bar
D. 5.1 bar

Answer: A
Explanation: ΔP/ρ + Δv²/2 + gΔh + F = W
ΔP = P₂ – P₁ (Pa)
Δv² = v₂² – v₁²
Δh = h₂ – h₁ (m)
F = frictional energy loss (mechanical energy loss to system) (J/kg)
W = work done on system by pump (J/kg)
ρ = 1000 kg/m³
Volumetric flow is 20/ (1000.60) m³/s
= 0.000333 m³/s
v₁ = 0.000333/(π(0.0025)²) = 16.97 m/s
v₂ = 0.000333/ (π(0.005)²) = 4.24 m/s
(101325 – P₁)/1000 + [(4.24)² – (16.97)²]/2 + 9.81.50 = 0
P₁ = 456825 Pa (4.6 bar).

9. Determine the density, specific gravity, and mass of the air in a room whose dimensions are 4m × 5m × 6m at 100 kPa and 25° C.
A. 1.16 kg/m³, 0.00116, 140 kg
B. 1.17 kg/m³, 0.00117, 140 kg
C. 1.15 kg/m³, 0.00115, 140 kg
D. 1.14 kg/m³, 0.00114, 140 kg

10. Extensive properties are linearly dependent on the amount of substance.
A. True
B. False

Answer: A